Dissociating Siv Env And Cd4: Consequenes For Virus And Host
... variants of HIV and SIV have been described that can utilize coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4 in the absence of CD4, these viruses typically retain their CD4 binding sites and can still interact with CD4. In this thesis, I present the characterization and evaluation, both in vitro and in vivo, of a novel C ...
... variants of HIV and SIV have been described that can utilize coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4 in the absence of CD4, these viruses typically retain their CD4 binding sites and can still interact with CD4. In this thesis, I present the characterization and evaluation, both in vitro and in vivo, of a novel C ...
Combined action of anti-CD4 autoantibodies
... anti-CD4 autoantibodies could mediate CD4+ T cell depletion. The aim of this study is to examine the role of anti-CD4 autoantibodies induced by gp120 HIV-1 in the development of CD4+ lymphocytopenia. The model chosen for study was immunization with purified gp120 protein from HIV, since under the au ...
... anti-CD4 autoantibodies could mediate CD4+ T cell depletion. The aim of this study is to examine the role of anti-CD4 autoantibodies induced by gp120 HIV-1 in the development of CD4+ lymphocytopenia. The model chosen for study was immunization with purified gp120 protein from HIV, since under the au ...
FONGAnti-inflammatoryRole2010
... expressing IKKβ dominant negative rescued the inhibitory effect of TNFα on IL12p40 production, indicating TNFα inhibits IL-12p40 via IKKβ activation. Macrophages are antigen presenting cells while IL-12 and MHC II are critical factors for TH1 cell development. I thus investigate the inhibitory effec ...
... expressing IKKβ dominant negative rescued the inhibitory effect of TNFα on IL12p40 production, indicating TNFα inhibits IL-12p40 via IKKβ activation. Macrophages are antigen presenting cells while IL-12 and MHC II are critical factors for TH1 cell development. I thus investigate the inhibitory effec ...
The Equine Endometrial Cup Reaction
... day 35 of gestation. W.R. Allen then looked more closely at Ewart’s chorionic girdle, but he too perpetrated yet another major error of interpretation. Swayed by the earlier conclusions of Clegg et al. (24) and Amoroso (33) that the endometrial cups were a type of maternal decidual response of the e ...
... day 35 of gestation. W.R. Allen then looked more closely at Ewart’s chorionic girdle, but he too perpetrated yet another major error of interpretation. Swayed by the earlier conclusions of Clegg et al. (24) and Amoroso (33) that the endometrial cups were a type of maternal decidual response of the e ...
Cenchao Shen - RMIT Research Repository
... School of Medical Sciences College of Science, Engineering and Health RMIT University February 2014 ...
... School of Medical Sciences College of Science, Engineering and Health RMIT University February 2014 ...
Cytokines from the pig conceptus: roles in conceptus development
... uterine endometrium. Many genes activated by the conceptuses stimulate a tightly controlled proinflammatory response within the uterus [2-4]. A number of the cytokines released by the elongating conceptuses stimulate inducible transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB), which are t ...
... uterine endometrium. Many genes activated by the conceptuses stimulate a tightly controlled proinflammatory response within the uterus [2-4]. A number of the cytokines released by the elongating conceptuses stimulate inducible transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB), which are t ...
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
... Myeloid DCs present self antigens to autoreactive CD4 T cells and support B-cell proliferation (as opposed to the “housekeeping macrophages which capture apoptotic cells) IFN-α is at the heart of SLE – evidence: Levels increased at baseline in SLE patients Recombinant IFN-α can induce SLE ...
... Myeloid DCs present self antigens to autoreactive CD4 T cells and support B-cell proliferation (as opposed to the “housekeeping macrophages which capture apoptotic cells) IFN-α is at the heart of SLE – evidence: Levels increased at baseline in SLE patients Recombinant IFN-α can induce SLE ...
Stimulation of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Decreases
... projections, inhibition of Ce would be an efficient way of dampening multiple fear responses after extinction (Royer and Paré, 2002). It is not known, however, whether mPFC neurons can influence Ce excitability. To address this, we recorded the responses of Ce output neurons to cortical and basolat ...
... projections, inhibition of Ce would be an efficient way of dampening multiple fear responses after extinction (Royer and Paré, 2002). It is not known, however, whether mPFC neurons can influence Ce excitability. To address this, we recorded the responses of Ce output neurons to cortical and basolat ...
Document
... alertness and energy. – Is associated with lower death rates from all causes • Exercise should be 20 minutes, 3 to 5 times a week, with vigorous use of large muscles; heart rate should be elevated to 60 to 90 percent of maximum ...
... alertness and energy. – Is associated with lower death rates from all causes • Exercise should be 20 minutes, 3 to 5 times a week, with vigorous use of large muscles; heart rate should be elevated to 60 to 90 percent of maximum ...
High salivary secretory IgA antibody levels are sensitized infants
... of allergic disease has been a consistent finding in many studies. Secretory IgA did not affect the rate of sensitization but seemed to interfere with development of wheezing symptoms in sensitized children, hypothetically through increased activity of Treg cells and/or inhibition of the interaction ...
... of allergic disease has been a consistent finding in many studies. Secretory IgA did not affect the rate of sensitization but seemed to interfere with development of wheezing symptoms in sensitized children, hypothetically through increased activity of Treg cells and/or inhibition of the interaction ...
Full text - Universiteit Leiden
... inflammation is found in gene polymorphisms involved in inflammation, such as TLR4 polymorphisms.52-54 There are associations found between an increased risk of cardiovascular events and autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.55 However, besides inflammati ...
... inflammation is found in gene polymorphisms involved in inflammation, such as TLR4 polymorphisms.52-54 There are associations found between an increased risk of cardiovascular events and autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.55 However, besides inflammati ...
Pediatric food allergy and mucosal tolerance
... acquisition of oral tolerance, defined as specific suppression of cellular or humoral immune responses to an antigen by prior administration of the antigen by the oral route.16,17 This response likely evolved as an analog of self-tolerance to prevent hypersensitivity reactions to both ingested exoge ...
... acquisition of oral tolerance, defined as specific suppression of cellular or humoral immune responses to an antigen by prior administration of the antigen by the oral route.16,17 This response likely evolved as an analog of self-tolerance to prevent hypersensitivity reactions to both ingested exoge ...
Forebrain Origins and Terminations of the Medial Forebrain Bundle
... stronger. In this paper, we report a survey of the forebrain areas metabolically activated by rewarding stimulation of the posterior MFB, with the magnitude of the stimulation chosen to yield a justsubmaximal rewarding effect. While the directly stimulated axons responsible for the rewarding effect ...
... stronger. In this paper, we report a survey of the forebrain areas metabolically activated by rewarding stimulation of the posterior MFB, with the magnitude of the stimulation chosen to yield a justsubmaximal rewarding effect. While the directly stimulated axons responsible for the rewarding effect ...
Innate Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus
... respiratory disease and 200,000 deaths annually worldwide, yet there is no broadly effective prophylactic or treatment regimen. RSV can produce acute respiratory illness in patients of all ages but strikes the age extremes, infants and the elderly, with highest frequency presumably due to innate imm ...
... respiratory disease and 200,000 deaths annually worldwide, yet there is no broadly effective prophylactic or treatment regimen. RSV can produce acute respiratory illness in patients of all ages but strikes the age extremes, infants and the elderly, with highest frequency presumably due to innate imm ...
Cancer Vaccine Therapies: Failures and Future Opportunities
... new all-time high of $140 with a market capitalization above $3.3 billion (see Appendix D: Idec Pharmaceuticals - Anatomy of a Success). Worldwide net sales of Rituxan® reached $1.5 billion in 2002 and the following summer IDEC Pharmaceuticals acquired Biogen, Inc. in a stock transaction valued at a ...
... new all-time high of $140 with a market capitalization above $3.3 billion (see Appendix D: Idec Pharmaceuticals - Anatomy of a Success). Worldwide net sales of Rituxan® reached $1.5 billion in 2002 and the following summer IDEC Pharmaceuticals acquired Biogen, Inc. in a stock transaction valued at a ...
Host Pathogen Interactions: Is Arabidopsis thaliana
... being phased out as the plant immune system will not only respond to molecules of pathogenic descent but also non-pathogenic microbial molecules. Thus, the term MAMP is favored because it encompasses any molecule produced by a microbe that triggers a defense response. Elicitation of MAMP responses b ...
... being phased out as the plant immune system will not only respond to molecules of pathogenic descent but also non-pathogenic microbial molecules. Thus, the term MAMP is favored because it encompasses any molecule produced by a microbe that triggers a defense response. Elicitation of MAMP responses b ...
Full-Text PDF
... dissemination to different tissues and organs. This ultimately leads to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a condition characterized by loss of CD4+ T cells, profound immunodeficiency, and susceptibility to serious opportunistic infections [3]. HIV infection is defined by several stages of ...
... dissemination to different tissues and organs. This ultimately leads to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a condition characterized by loss of CD4+ T cells, profound immunodeficiency, and susceptibility to serious opportunistic infections [3]. HIV infection is defined by several stages of ...
Lectins, Mitogens and Agglutinins
... control the damaging effects of terrorist attacks, Alibek has placed strong emphasis on stimulating nonspecific immunities of victims mainly with interleukins and other cytokines. A more productive alternative would be giving mitogens such as PHA and PWM to reinforce vaccine and antibiotic actions, ...
... control the damaging effects of terrorist attacks, Alibek has placed strong emphasis on stimulating nonspecific immunities of victims mainly with interleukins and other cytokines. A more productive alternative would be giving mitogens such as PHA and PWM to reinforce vaccine and antibiotic actions, ...
Clever tricks EBV employed to modulate innate immunity during
... interaction is followed by binding of gp42 to surface HLA class II molecules, thereby triggering fusion for which gH-gL and gB are required. For infection of epithelial cells, gp42 is not required and it has been shown that soluble gp42 inhibits fusion of EBV lacking gp42 with epithelial cells9. The ...
... interaction is followed by binding of gp42 to surface HLA class II molecules, thereby triggering fusion for which gH-gL and gB are required. For infection of epithelial cells, gp42 is not required and it has been shown that soluble gp42 inhibits fusion of EBV lacking gp42 with epithelial cells9. The ...
NUCLEI-SPECIFIC RESPONSE TO PAIN IN THE BED NUCLEUS OF THE By
... agglutinin tracer driven by the Nav1.8 sodium channel gene. This type of channel is expressed exclusively on non-peptidergic C-fibres (Julius & McCleskey, 2006). Because the tracer was expressed only in non-peptidergic C-fibres and was able to transmit across synapses, Braz and colleagues (2005) wer ...
... agglutinin tracer driven by the Nav1.8 sodium channel gene. This type of channel is expressed exclusively on non-peptidergic C-fibres (Julius & McCleskey, 2006). Because the tracer was expressed only in non-peptidergic C-fibres and was able to transmit across synapses, Braz and colleagues (2005) wer ...
Parasitic Manipulation of Hosts` Phenotype, or How to Make a
... prospects are dim (e.g., because infection will eventually result in the host’s death). This final behavioral defense may benefit both host and parasite, as it increases fitness of the host given current circumstances and exposes parasites to more potential hosts. These behavioral changes are likely ...
... prospects are dim (e.g., because infection will eventually result in the host’s death). This final behavioral defense may benefit both host and parasite, as it increases fitness of the host given current circumstances and exposes parasites to more potential hosts. These behavioral changes are likely ...
Medical monitoring: CD4 cell counts
... cells doubles the risk of developing AIDS. However, the risk of developing AIDS is changing over time as a result of treatment advances and other factors. A CD4 count between 500 and 200 indicates that some damage to the immune system has occurred. Whilst the CD4 count remains above 200, the risk of ...
... cells doubles the risk of developing AIDS. However, the risk of developing AIDS is changing over time as a result of treatment advances and other factors. A CD4 count between 500 and 200 indicates that some damage to the immune system has occurred. Whilst the CD4 count remains above 200, the risk of ...
Psoriasis - New England Journal of Medicine
... epidemiologic and genetic features Though psoriasis is a common skin disease, its definition by Ferdinand von Hebra as a distinct entity dates back only to the year 1841, and estimates of its prevalence — around 2 percent, according to standard textbooks — stem from only a few population-based studi ...
... epidemiologic and genetic features Though psoriasis is a common skin disease, its definition by Ferdinand von Hebra as a distinct entity dates back only to the year 1841, and estimates of its prevalence — around 2 percent, according to standard textbooks — stem from only a few population-based studi ...
Psychoneuroimmunology
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), also referred to as psychoendoneuroimmunology (PENI), is the study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body. PNI takes an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating psychology, neuroscience, immunology, physiology, genetics, pharmacology, molecular biology, psychiatry, behavioral medicine, infectious diseases, endocrinology, and rheumatology.The main interests of PNI are the interactions between the nervous and immune systems and the relationships between mental processes and health. PNI studies, among other things, the physiological functioning of the neuroimmune system in health and disease; disorders of the neuroimmune system (autoimmune diseases; hypersensitivities; immune deficiency); and the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the neuroimmune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo.