Oxidative stress, innate immunity, and age
... restricting immune activation in response to these molecules [8]. The risk-associated CFHY402H mutation reduces the affinity of CFH to bind such molecules, thereby reducing its ability to maintain immune homeostasis in the eye. While wild-type CFH has demonstrated protective benefits in AMD, express ...
... restricting immune activation in response to these molecules [8]. The risk-associated CFHY402H mutation reduces the affinity of CFH to bind such molecules, thereby reducing its ability to maintain immune homeostasis in the eye. While wild-type CFH has demonstrated protective benefits in AMD, express ...
cPu - Padis
... ultimately showing clinical manifestations. The molecular mechanisms and the internal and external factors that modulate the dynamic aspects of the acute and chronic neuroinflammations remain unclear. Furthermore, it is poorly understood to what extent neuroinflammation is beneficial for the injured ...
... ultimately showing clinical manifestations. The molecular mechanisms and the internal and external factors that modulate the dynamic aspects of the acute and chronic neuroinflammations remain unclear. Furthermore, it is poorly understood to what extent neuroinflammation is beneficial for the injured ...
A new model for non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae middle ear
... robust, reproducible model for polymicrobial infections (Bakaletz, 2009). Following direct inoculation of the chinchilla bulla, NTHi can form a biofilm that promotes bacterial survival against the host response and treatment (Jurcisek and Bakaletz, 2007; Brockson et al., 2014). In addition to the ch ...
... robust, reproducible model for polymicrobial infections (Bakaletz, 2009). Following direct inoculation of the chinchilla bulla, NTHi can form a biofilm that promotes bacterial survival against the host response and treatment (Jurcisek and Bakaletz, 2007; Brockson et al., 2014). In addition to the ch ...
Worms need microbes too: microbiota, health and aging in
... Many animal species live in close association with commensal and symbiotic microbes (microbiota). Recent studies have revealed that the status of gastrointestinal tract microbiota can influence nutrition-related syndromes such as obesity and type-2 diabetes, and perhaps aging. These morbidities have ...
... Many animal species live in close association with commensal and symbiotic microbes (microbiota). Recent studies have revealed that the status of gastrointestinal tract microbiota can influence nutrition-related syndromes such as obesity and type-2 diabetes, and perhaps aging. These morbidities have ...
Cancer Immunotherapy - Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer
... Disclaimer: Information presented in Patient Resource Cancer Guide: Understanding Cancer Immunotherapy is not intended as a substitute for the advice given by your health care provider. The opinions expressed in Patient Resource Cancer Guide: Understanding Cancer Immunotherapy are those of the autho ...
... Disclaimer: Information presented in Patient Resource Cancer Guide: Understanding Cancer Immunotherapy is not intended as a substitute for the advice given by your health care provider. The opinions expressed in Patient Resource Cancer Guide: Understanding Cancer Immunotherapy are those of the autho ...
Preparation of polyclonal antibody against porcine - Funpec-RP
... multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from sick fowl (Veldhuizen et al., 2008; Li et al., 2013a), which makes it good candidate for antibiotic development. Furthermore, pBD2 showed low hemolytic activity, high salt-tolerance, and strong thermal stability, which are important properties for its pract ...
... multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from sick fowl (Veldhuizen et al., 2008; Li et al., 2013a), which makes it good candidate for antibiotic development. Furthermore, pBD2 showed low hemolytic activity, high salt-tolerance, and strong thermal stability, which are important properties for its pract ...
Abstract Book - 27th Annual Meeting of the Society for Virology
... Release of nucleocapsids into the cytoplasm is one of the first steps of virus infection. At this initial stage, viral copy numbers are low and the nucleocapsids are especially vulnerable to host cell defenses. The group of negative-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome (s-NSVs) contains seve ...
... Release of nucleocapsids into the cytoplasm is one of the first steps of virus infection. At this initial stage, viral copy numbers are low and the nucleocapsids are especially vulnerable to host cell defenses. The group of negative-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome (s-NSVs) contains seve ...
The human spleen after trauma Leemans, Rob
... surfaces to the white pulp veins. Slit-like spaces, which can be penetrated by cells flowing from the pulp cords, separate the endothelial cells. The basal membranes have been shown to contain actin and myosin which can probably contract to vary the tension in the endothelial cell and the dimensions ...
... surfaces to the white pulp veins. Slit-like spaces, which can be penetrated by cells flowing from the pulp cords, separate the endothelial cells. The basal membranes have been shown to contain actin and myosin which can probably contract to vary the tension in the endothelial cell and the dimensions ...
The Role of Nitric Oxide in Host Defence Against Mycobacterium
... Considering aggravating factors, such as HIV co-infection and emerging drug resistance, new therapeutic interventions are urgently needed. Following exposure to M. tuberculosis, surprisingly few individuals will actually develop active disease, indicating effective defence mechanisms. One such candi ...
... Considering aggravating factors, such as HIV co-infection and emerging drug resistance, new therapeutic interventions are urgently needed. Following exposure to M. tuberculosis, surprisingly few individuals will actually develop active disease, indicating effective defence mechanisms. One such candi ...
The use of antibodies in the treatment of infectious diseases
... that do show significant efficacy also have significant side ...
... that do show significant efficacy also have significant side ...
Preview the material
... transport of nutrients throughout the rest of the body where red blood cells are needed. As more red blood cells are sequestered in the spleen, the rate of their destruction is also increased, which only further potentiates the effects of decreased red blood cells in the rest of the body. An indivi ...
... transport of nutrients throughout the rest of the body where red blood cells are needed. As more red blood cells are sequestered in the spleen, the rate of their destruction is also increased, which only further potentiates the effects of decreased red blood cells in the rest of the body. An indivi ...
NKG2D DAP12 with Mouse, but Not Human, A Structural Basis for
... he activity of NK cells is regulated by a balance of positive and negative signals transduced, respectively, via activating and inhibitory cell surface receptors (1, 2). The activating receptor NKG2D, a C type-like lectin and type II transmembrane (TM)4 protein (3), is expressed on all NK cells, ␥␦ ...
... he activity of NK cells is regulated by a balance of positive and negative signals transduced, respectively, via activating and inhibitory cell surface receptors (1, 2). The activating receptor NKG2D, a C type-like lectin and type II transmembrane (TM)4 protein (3), is expressed on all NK cells, ␥␦ ...
ROLE OF BACTERIAL ADHESION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF
... the gastro-intestinal tract is that their ability to induce agglutination of the bacteria is very poor. If IgA antibodies play any role in protection, they can do so only by prevention of adhesion of bacteria to the mucous membrane. Accordingly, experiments showing passive protection with antiserum ...
... the gastro-intestinal tract is that their ability to induce agglutination of the bacteria is very poor. If IgA antibodies play any role in protection, they can do so only by prevention of adhesion of bacteria to the mucous membrane. Accordingly, experiments showing passive protection with antiserum ...
Lipid Biology and Lymphatic Function: A Dynamic Interplay with
... Changes in adipose tissue The adipose tissue consists of adipocytes, precursor cells, fibroblasts, collagen-rich connective tissues, blood capillaries, nerve fibres, fibroblasts and macrophages. It is no longer perceived as just a reservoir for energy stores but rather as an endocrine organ which re ...
... Changes in adipose tissue The adipose tissue consists of adipocytes, precursor cells, fibroblasts, collagen-rich connective tissues, blood capillaries, nerve fibres, fibroblasts and macrophages. It is no longer perceived as just a reservoir for energy stores but rather as an endocrine organ which re ...
Table 1: Membrane damaging toxins
... toxin, the causative organism was soon to be discovered as well. After a minor outbreak in Belgium at a funeral lead to the correlation of the ‘sausage poisoning’ with bacteria found in the pickled and smoked ham by Emile Pierre Marie van Ermengem [Kreyden, 2002]. He called it ‘Bacillus botulinus’ w ...
... toxin, the causative organism was soon to be discovered as well. After a minor outbreak in Belgium at a funeral lead to the correlation of the ‘sausage poisoning’ with bacteria found in the pickled and smoked ham by Emile Pierre Marie van Ermengem [Kreyden, 2002]. He called it ‘Bacillus botulinus’ w ...
Lack of Chromatin and Nuclear Fragmentation In Vivo Impairs the
... ying cells have been proposed as a critical reservoir of autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)3 (1). Indeed, impaired clearance or excessive production of apoptotic cells or their debris can lead to SLE-like disease in certain mouse models (2–7). Moreover, lupus patients exhibit increas ...
... ying cells have been proposed as a critical reservoir of autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)3 (1). Indeed, impaired clearance or excessive production of apoptotic cells or their debris can lead to SLE-like disease in certain mouse models (2–7). Moreover, lupus patients exhibit increas ...
Non‐invasive imaging of allogeneic transplanted skin graft by 131I
... essential for clinicians to identify and monitor tolerance accurately. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg is the first choice which associates with allograft tolerance induction. Although it has been suggested by a number of studies reporting an increased circulating proportion of Treg in operationally tolerant tr ...
... essential for clinicians to identify and monitor tolerance accurately. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg is the first choice which associates with allograft tolerance induction. Although it has been suggested by a number of studies reporting an increased circulating proportion of Treg in operationally tolerant tr ...
alopecia
... Current evidence suggests that alopecia areata is caused by an abnormality in the immune system. This particular abnormality leads to autoimmunity. As a result, the immune system attacks particular tissues of the body. In alopecia areata, for unknown reasons, the body's own immune system attacks the ...
... Current evidence suggests that alopecia areata is caused by an abnormality in the immune system. This particular abnormality leads to autoimmunity. As a result, the immune system attacks particular tissues of the body. In alopecia areata, for unknown reasons, the body's own immune system attacks the ...
The Future of Smallpox Vaccination - Medical Immunology
... reported no long term sequelae and 100% of patients demonstrated objective normalization of echocardiography, electrocardiography, laboratory testing, graded exercise testing, and functional status [15]. To overcome some of the problems associated with the current calf lymph smallpox vaccine (Dryvax ...
... reported no long term sequelae and 100% of patients demonstrated objective normalization of echocardiography, electrocardiography, laboratory testing, graded exercise testing, and functional status [15]. To overcome some of the problems associated with the current calf lymph smallpox vaccine (Dryvax ...
Fusobacterium nucleatum Alters Atherosclerosis Risk
... Atherosclerotic vascular diseases (ASVD) are the leading cause of death globally [1]. Although there are numerous well-established factors that increase risk for ASVD, including genetic factors, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and smoking, these do not account for all cases, and microbial infecti ...
... Atherosclerotic vascular diseases (ASVD) are the leading cause of death globally [1]. Although there are numerous well-established factors that increase risk for ASVD, including genetic factors, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and smoking, these do not account for all cases, and microbial infecti ...
Human Osteoblasts Interaction with Mouse or Salmonella or
... Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. are common causes of bone diseases; however, the immune response during such infections is not well understood. Colony-stimulating factors (CSF) have a profound influence on osteoclastogenesis, as well as the development of immune responses following infecti ...
... Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. are common causes of bone diseases; however, the immune response during such infections is not well understood. Colony-stimulating factors (CSF) have a profound influence on osteoclastogenesis, as well as the development of immune responses following infecti ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑