35 Kortylewski Nat Biotechnol 2009
... Efficient delivery of small interfering (si)RNA to specific cell populations in vivo remains a formidable challenge to its successful therapeutic application. We show that siRNA synthetically linked to a CpG oligonucleotide agonist of toll-like receptor (TLR)9 targets and silences genes in TLR9+ mye ...
... Efficient delivery of small interfering (si)RNA to specific cell populations in vivo remains a formidable challenge to its successful therapeutic application. We show that siRNA synthetically linked to a CpG oligonucleotide agonist of toll-like receptor (TLR)9 targets and silences genes in TLR9+ mye ...
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... Recently, it has been described that the differences in affinity of antibody and antigen interactions are discriminated by FcR and promote different molecular signals resulting in distinct immunological responses [14]. The presence of autoantibodies in other inflammatory processes (e.g., anti-dsDNA ...
... Recently, it has been described that the differences in affinity of antibody and antigen interactions are discriminated by FcR and promote different molecular signals resulting in distinct immunological responses [14]. The presence of autoantibodies in other inflammatory processes (e.g., anti-dsDNA ...
EMERGING ROLES FOR CYSTEINE PROTEASES IN HUMAN
... The enzyme appears to self-assemble into hexamers of its 50-kDa single chain, reminiscent of proteasome organization and, because there is no signal peptide, to localize to the cytoplasm. Recently, a yeast homologue of the mammalian enzyme was crystallized and found to contain both DNA-binding and p ...
... The enzyme appears to self-assemble into hexamers of its 50-kDa single chain, reminiscent of proteasome organization and, because there is no signal peptide, to localize to the cytoplasm. Recently, a yeast homologue of the mammalian enzyme was crystallized and found to contain both DNA-binding and p ...
File - The Portfolio of Ryan Coon
... acetaminophen and the wounded group lacking acetaminophen (Figure 2). This suggests that the presence of acetaminophen did not affect neutrophil migration in the wounded zebrafish embryos. The group that was wounded and lacking the acetaminophen was not significantly different than the unwounded and ...
... acetaminophen and the wounded group lacking acetaminophen (Figure 2). This suggests that the presence of acetaminophen did not affect neutrophil migration in the wounded zebrafish embryos. The group that was wounded and lacking the acetaminophen was not significantly different than the unwounded and ...
THE SKIN MICROBIOME IN PATIENTS WITH ACNE VULGARIS
... When assessing the effect of topical treatment with 4% erythromycin or a dermocosmetic on the skin surface microbiota of acne-affected patients, both agents significantly decreased the number of non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions after short-term use. These benefits may be the result of a sig ...
... When assessing the effect of topical treatment with 4% erythromycin or a dermocosmetic on the skin surface microbiota of acne-affected patients, both agents significantly decreased the number of non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions after short-term use. These benefits may be the result of a sig ...
Can nicotine use alleviate symptoms of psoriasis?
... Americans.1 Although psoriasis can manifest at any age, there seem to be 2 peaks in onset: one between the ages of 20 and 30 years, and another between the ages of 50 and 60 years.2 Several clinical types of psoriasis have been described; however, 90% of cases present with plaque psoriasis.3 Previou ...
... Americans.1 Although psoriasis can manifest at any age, there seem to be 2 peaks in onset: one between the ages of 20 and 30 years, and another between the ages of 50 and 60 years.2 Several clinical types of psoriasis have been described; however, 90% of cases present with plaque psoriasis.3 Previou ...
The purpose of this summary is exclusively educational, to provide
... a drug (e.g. HLA-B*57:01 ↑ risk of abacavir hypersensitivity; HLA-B*58:01 ↑ risk of allopurinolinduced SJS/TEN/DRESS; HLA-B*15:02 ↑ risk of carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN; HLAB*57:01 ↑ risk of flucoxacilline-induced liver injury; variants of FcεRIβ, STAT6, IL-4, IL-13, IL4RA and TNFα may ↑ risk of pe ...
... a drug (e.g. HLA-B*57:01 ↑ risk of abacavir hypersensitivity; HLA-B*58:01 ↑ risk of allopurinolinduced SJS/TEN/DRESS; HLA-B*15:02 ↑ risk of carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN; HLAB*57:01 ↑ risk of flucoxacilline-induced liver injury; variants of FcεRIβ, STAT6, IL-4, IL-13, IL4RA and TNFα may ↑ risk of pe ...
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
... It is now well established that both the innate and adaptive immune systems undergo rapid evolution and diversification; consequently, non-mammalian vertebrate animal models that are experimentally tractable alternatives to murine systems are essential, as they will allow us better distinguish impor ...
... It is now well established that both the innate and adaptive immune systems undergo rapid evolution and diversification; consequently, non-mammalian vertebrate animal models that are experimentally tractable alternatives to murine systems are essential, as they will allow us better distinguish impor ...
Advanced Tests
... Screening Tests • Blood cell count with differential <500 • Neutrophil staining, morphology Advanced Tests • Oxidase function (nitroblue tetrazolium, chemiluminescence) • Flow cytometry for adhesion molecules • Chemotaxis • Phagocytosis • Enzyme assays (myeloperoxidase, glucose-6phosphate dehydrogen ...
... Screening Tests • Blood cell count with differential <500 • Neutrophil staining, morphology Advanced Tests • Oxidase function (nitroblue tetrazolium, chemiluminescence) • Flow cytometry for adhesion molecules • Chemotaxis • Phagocytosis • Enzyme assays (myeloperoxidase, glucose-6phosphate dehydrogen ...
Narrative Review: The Role of Th2 Immune Pathway Modulation in
... Th2-type (T-helper) CD4⫹ cells, which mediate the pathogenesis of allergic asthma (Figure 2) (22, 23). Interleukin-4 and IL-13 are canonical Th2-type cytokines that play a key role in human allergic asthmatic responses. Interleukin-4 promotes the differentiation and proliferation of Th2-type T cells ...
... Th2-type (T-helper) CD4⫹ cells, which mediate the pathogenesis of allergic asthma (Figure 2) (22, 23). Interleukin-4 and IL-13 are canonical Th2-type cytokines that play a key role in human allergic asthmatic responses. Interleukin-4 promotes the differentiation and proliferation of Th2-type T cells ...
The Role of Macrophages in the Placenta
... Human monocytes and macrophages are players in the innate immune system. Macrophages are bone marrow/hematopoietic-derived cells that migrate through the blood circulation to home to and take up residence within various tissues, where they play a pivotal role in coordinating processes such as develo ...
... Human monocytes and macrophages are players in the innate immune system. Macrophages are bone marrow/hematopoietic-derived cells that migrate through the blood circulation to home to and take up residence within various tissues, where they play a pivotal role in coordinating processes such as develo ...
Relation Between HLA-G Gene Null Allele (HLA
... HLA-G1, well known as the functional HLA-G protein, and full length soluble isoforms HLA-G5 as well as the spliced HLA-G4 isoform. However, HLAG*0105N is still able to produce other HLA-G proteins such as the membrane-bound HLA-G2 and G3 isoforms and the soluble HLA-G6 and G7 isoforms, in all of the ...
... HLA-G1, well known as the functional HLA-G protein, and full length soluble isoforms HLA-G5 as well as the spliced HLA-G4 isoform. However, HLAG*0105N is still able to produce other HLA-G proteins such as the membrane-bound HLA-G2 and G3 isoforms and the soluble HLA-G6 and G7 isoforms, in all of the ...
Psoriasis - New England Journal of Medicine
... distinct entity dates back only to the year 1841, and estimates of its prevalence — around 2 percent, according to standard textbooks — stem from only a few population-based studies. Perhaps the most comprehensive field study was performed in the Faroe Islands, where 2.8 percent of the inhabitants w ...
... distinct entity dates back only to the year 1841, and estimates of its prevalence — around 2 percent, according to standard textbooks — stem from only a few population-based studies. Perhaps the most comprehensive field study was performed in the Faroe Islands, where 2.8 percent of the inhabitants w ...
maitake mushroom
... Normal mouse bone marrow CFU-GM progenitor cell activity was significantly increased in the presence of D-fraction in the dose range of 50–100 Ag/ml. The study further showed that toxicity of DOX on bone marrow is attenuated by D-fraction. Even without DOX, bone marrow cell viability is dramatically ...
... Normal mouse bone marrow CFU-GM progenitor cell activity was significantly increased in the presence of D-fraction in the dose range of 50–100 Ag/ml. The study further showed that toxicity of DOX on bone marrow is attenuated by D-fraction. Even without DOX, bone marrow cell viability is dramatically ...
Virus-Encoded microRNAs: An Overview and a Look to the
... RNAi likely arose as a primary defense against harmful genetic elements such as viruses, yet in an interesting evolutionary twist, divergent viruses co-opted miRNA expression for pro-viral purposes. DNA viruses account for the majority of known virusencoded miRNAs with the herpesvirus family encodin ...
... RNAi likely arose as a primary defense against harmful genetic elements such as viruses, yet in an interesting evolutionary twist, divergent viruses co-opted miRNA expression for pro-viral purposes. DNA viruses account for the majority of known virusencoded miRNAs with the herpesvirus family encodin ...
EndoS and SpeB from Streptococcus pyogenes
... inability to kill the bacteria is due to reduced binding of IgG to Fc receptors and impaired classical pathwaymediated activation of complement. In addition, the activity of extracellular SpeB, which cleaves IgG into Fc and Fab fragments, also increases bacterial survival. This suggests that S. pyog ...
... inability to kill the bacteria is due to reduced binding of IgG to Fc receptors and impaired classical pathwaymediated activation of complement. In addition, the activity of extracellular SpeB, which cleaves IgG into Fc and Fab fragments, also increases bacterial survival. This suggests that S. pyog ...
o papel do estresse psicossocial na ativação imune durante o
... stress exposure (Trier Social Stress Test) in BD patients. Data presented here suggests that early life stress results in immune activation, characterized by increased pro-‐inflammatory serum levels (spec ...
... stress exposure (Trier Social Stress Test) in BD patients. Data presented here suggests that early life stress results in immune activation, characterized by increased pro-‐inflammatory serum levels (spec ...
Two Distinct Mechanisms for Induction of Dendritic Cell Apoptosis in
... In the few cases investigated, they have been found to be either not involved or to be CD95 (Fas)-mediated (3, 11). A direct interaction between bacterial components and cell surface receptors as a trigger for macrophage apoptosis has been reported only for lipoproteins released by Shigella flexneri ...
... In the few cases investigated, they have been found to be either not involved or to be CD95 (Fas)-mediated (3, 11). A direct interaction between bacterial components and cell surface receptors as a trigger for macrophage apoptosis has been reported only for lipoproteins released by Shigella flexneri ...
Microbial Exposure and Asthma - Digital Commons @ Liberty
... diameter and bronchomotor tone (Harper & Zeki, 2014). Bronchial constriction and increased vascular permeability caused by the inflammatory process leads to the classic signs and symptoms of an asthma attack, including airway edema, decreased air exchange, dyspnea, and wheezing (Huether & McCance, 2 ...
... diameter and bronchomotor tone (Harper & Zeki, 2014). Bronchial constriction and increased vascular permeability caused by the inflammatory process leads to the classic signs and symptoms of an asthma attack, including airway edema, decreased air exchange, dyspnea, and wheezing (Huether & McCance, 2 ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑