Hypothyroidism in Children
... surgery (the latter is more commonly used in children with severe or unresponsive hyperthyroidism). It may also develop after radiation therapy for cancers of the neck or chest, such as lymphomas or Hodgkin's disease. Autoimmune disease - Autoimmune disorders are the most common cause of thyroid pro ...
... surgery (the latter is more commonly used in children with severe or unresponsive hyperthyroidism). It may also develop after radiation therapy for cancers of the neck or chest, such as lymphomas or Hodgkin's disease. Autoimmune disease - Autoimmune disorders are the most common cause of thyroid pro ...
Exhibit N. a general information booklet on vaccine safety for parents titled VACCINE SAFETY AND YOUR CHILD, Separating Fact from Fiction , an excerpt from the book Vaccines and Your Child. (PDF: 2.20MB/34 pages)
... lymph nodes, which are collections of immune cells located throughout the body. Once in the lymph node, the vaccine enters a type of immune cell called an antigen-presenting cell. These cells present the vaccine to other cells of the immune system responsible for making antibodies. As a general rule ...
... lymph nodes, which are collections of immune cells located throughout the body. Once in the lymph node, the vaccine enters a type of immune cell called an antigen-presenting cell. These cells present the vaccine to other cells of the immune system responsible for making antibodies. As a general rule ...
Cytokines from the pig conceptus: roles in conceptus development
... of inducible transcription factors within the conceptus and uterine endometrium. Many genes activated by the conceptuses stimulate a tightly controlled proinflammatory response within the uterus [2-4]. A number of the cytokines released by the elongating conceptuses stimulate inducible transcription ...
... of inducible transcription factors within the conceptus and uterine endometrium. Many genes activated by the conceptuses stimulate a tightly controlled proinflammatory response within the uterus [2-4]. A number of the cytokines released by the elongating conceptuses stimulate inducible transcription ...
Mechanisms by which Vitamin A and D may Contribute to (Oral
... ups can cause transmural inflammation located throughout the entire GI tract and in ulcerative colitis exacerbations cause superficial inflammation of mucosal tissue of the large intestine and/or rectum. Nevertheless these diseases are collectively called IBD because the symptoms can be similar e.g. ...
... ups can cause transmural inflammation located throughout the entire GI tract and in ulcerative colitis exacerbations cause superficial inflammation of mucosal tissue of the large intestine and/or rectum. Nevertheless these diseases are collectively called IBD because the symptoms can be similar e.g. ...
FUNCTIONAL AMINO ACIDS AND INTESTINAL IMMUNE
... in terms of their non-protein roles and some non-essential amino acids are being reclassified as functional amino acids [2,3]. Two important, non-protein, roles of such functional amino acids are to maintain intestinal integrity (barrier function) and to support the immune system. These functions ar ...
... in terms of their non-protein roles and some non-essential amino acids are being reclassified as functional amino acids [2,3]. Two important, non-protein, roles of such functional amino acids are to maintain intestinal integrity (barrier function) and to support the immune system. These functions ar ...
PD-L1 Expression as a Predictive Biomarker in Cancer
... anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, which are more pronounced with the latter agent (12). PD-L1 is expressed on a variety of cell types, including placenta, vascular endothelium, pancreatic islet cells, muscle, hepatocytes, epithelium, and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as ...
... anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, which are more pronounced with the latter agent (12). PD-L1 is expressed on a variety of cell types, including placenta, vascular endothelium, pancreatic islet cells, muscle, hepatocytes, epithelium, and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as ...
PD-L1 Expression as a Predictive Biomarker in Cancer
... anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, which are more pronounced with the latter agent (12). PD-L1 is expressed on a variety of cell types, including placenta, vascular endothelium, pancreatic islet cells, muscle, hepatocytes, epithelium, and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as ...
... anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, which are more pronounced with the latter agent (12). PD-L1 is expressed on a variety of cell types, including placenta, vascular endothelium, pancreatic islet cells, muscle, hepatocytes, epithelium, and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as ...
Alice M. Nyakeriga RELATION OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS, IMMUNITY, HEMOGLOBINOPATHY AND
... Immunity and infection: All components of the immune system are important in controlling infection. However, different types of immune responses more effectively control particular infections. The eventual outcome may depend on the biology of the parasite and the characteristic of the specific type ...
... Immunity and infection: All components of the immune system are important in controlling infection. However, different types of immune responses more effectively control particular infections. The eventual outcome may depend on the biology of the parasite and the characteristic of the specific type ...
Wang Concepts of Organizational Immunity
... organization by the team of Entrepreneurs. Its maturation degree is affected by the entrepreneur's experience in the past, and by the environment in which an organization lives. It is natural that in good economic situation, most of the entrepreneurs are so busy in making money, paying very little a ...
... organization by the team of Entrepreneurs. Its maturation degree is affected by the entrepreneur's experience in the past, and by the environment in which an organization lives. It is natural that in good economic situation, most of the entrepreneurs are so busy in making money, paying very little a ...
Alopecia areata update
... pathogenesis of the disease remains to be clarified. Disease prevalence rates from 0.1% to 0.2% have been estimated for the United States. AA can affect any hair-bearing area. It often presents as well demarcated patches of nonscarring alopecia on skin of overtly normal appearance. Recently, newer c ...
... pathogenesis of the disease remains to be clarified. Disease prevalence rates from 0.1% to 0.2% have been estimated for the United States. AA can affect any hair-bearing area. It often presents as well demarcated patches of nonscarring alopecia on skin of overtly normal appearance. Recently, newer c ...
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
... harmless foreign proteins causes type I allergy. The most prominent factor in type I allergy is the presence of allergenspecific IgE antibodies. These antibodies bind to FcεRI on effector cells, most prominently on mast cells and basophils.1 On allergen binding to the IgE in a multivalent manner, ma ...
... harmless foreign proteins causes type I allergy. The most prominent factor in type I allergy is the presence of allergenspecific IgE antibodies. These antibodies bind to FcεRI on effector cells, most prominently on mast cells and basophils.1 On allergen binding to the IgE in a multivalent manner, ma ...
Modelling T Cell Activation
... responses (Paul, 1999). Innate immunity is more ancient in an evolutionary sense, and provides the early lines of defence against pathogens. It comprises physical and chemical barriers to pathogen entry, the complement system (and other blood proteins involved in inflammation), phagocytic cells (neut ...
... responses (Paul, 1999). Innate immunity is more ancient in an evolutionary sense, and provides the early lines of defence against pathogens. It comprises physical and chemical barriers to pathogen entry, the complement system (and other blood proteins involved in inflammation), phagocytic cells (neut ...
Design of Noninflammatory Synthetic siRNA Mediating Potent Gene
... respect, several studies have now reported in vivo silencing of endogenous [5] and viral genes [6–9] using synthetic siRNA administered via a clinically viable route. As part of the innate defense mechanism against invading pathogens, the mammalian immune system is activated by a number of exogenous ...
... respect, several studies have now reported in vivo silencing of endogenous [5] and viral genes [6–9] using synthetic siRNA administered via a clinically viable route. As part of the innate defense mechanism against invading pathogens, the mammalian immune system is activated by a number of exogenous ...
Introduction to Immunoassays
... • Immunoassays are different from other types of laboratory tests, such as colorimetric tests, because they use antibody:antigen complexes to generate a signal that can be measured. • In contrast, most routine clinical chemistry tests utilize chemical reactions between the reagent (a solution of ch ...
... • Immunoassays are different from other types of laboratory tests, such as colorimetric tests, because they use antibody:antigen complexes to generate a signal that can be measured. • In contrast, most routine clinical chemistry tests utilize chemical reactions between the reagent (a solution of ch ...
Innate immune lectins kill bacteria expressing blood group antigen
... hydrates via a mechanism that drastically alters membrane integrity and bacterial motility. Killing of BGB+ E. coli by human Gal-4 and Gal-8 did not require complement (Fig. 2), demonstrating that these lectins fundamentally differ from other innate immune lectins, such as mannan-binding proteins, w ...
... hydrates via a mechanism that drastically alters membrane integrity and bacterial motility. Killing of BGB+ E. coli by human Gal-4 and Gal-8 did not require complement (Fig. 2), demonstrating that these lectins fundamentally differ from other innate immune lectins, such as mannan-binding proteins, w ...
Roles of microglia in brain development, tissue maintenance and
... 2010). Primitive haematopoiesis may also contribute precursors to the adult haematopoietic stem cell population. Haematopoietic stem cell progeny are responsible for the circulating or ‘peripheral’ compartment of monocytes, which infiltrate tissues during injury/immune challenge and can replenish pop ...
... 2010). Primitive haematopoiesis may also contribute precursors to the adult haematopoietic stem cell population. Haematopoietic stem cell progeny are responsible for the circulating or ‘peripheral’ compartment of monocytes, which infiltrate tissues during injury/immune challenge and can replenish pop ...
Micro Chapter 12 [4-20
... In the oropharynx, group A strep infections are usually self-limiting and localized to the pharynx and tonsils, causing erythema and exudate Benign group A strep infections of the superficial layers of the skin cause crusty honey-colored lesions called impetigo o Impetigo is most common in children ...
... In the oropharynx, group A strep infections are usually self-limiting and localized to the pharynx and tonsils, causing erythema and exudate Benign group A strep infections of the superficial layers of the skin cause crusty honey-colored lesions called impetigo o Impetigo is most common in children ...
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
... pneumophila than did nonasthmatic children.51 Recently, a population-based epidemiologic study showed a significantly increased risk of community-acquired Escherichia coli bloodstream infection (BSI) in persons with asthma compared with those without asthma (discussed in the next section).52 Althoug ...
... pneumophila than did nonasthmatic children.51 Recently, a population-based epidemiologic study showed a significantly increased risk of community-acquired Escherichia coli bloodstream infection (BSI) in persons with asthma compared with those without asthma (discussed in the next section).52 Althoug ...
Maternal allergy is associated with surfacebound IgE on cord blood
... disease in children (1–4); however, the cell types mediating this maternal influence remain poorly understood. Basophils participate in allergic responses by releasing histamine upon crosslinking the immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FceRI) (5, 6). Increased ...
... disease in children (1–4); however, the cell types mediating this maternal influence remain poorly understood. Basophils participate in allergic responses by releasing histamine upon crosslinking the immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FceRI) (5, 6). Increased ...
The Link between Lymphatic Function and Adipose Biology
... Inflammation and Obesity Low-grade inflammation is increasingly recognized as being linked with, and contributing to, obesity and obesity-associated metabolic complications such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.34 The adipose tissue of obese mice and humans produces ...
... Inflammation and Obesity Low-grade inflammation is increasingly recognized as being linked with, and contributing to, obesity and obesity-associated metabolic complications such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.34 The adipose tissue of obese mice and humans produces ...
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
... MODS has emerged as a consequence of the advances in intensive care, drugs, and technologies Multiple & overlapping definitions have made research and epidemiology difficult Severe sepsis with associated MODS – is the leading cause of death in adult intensive care units – has the highest mortality i ...
... MODS has emerged as a consequence of the advances in intensive care, drugs, and technologies Multiple & overlapping definitions have made research and epidemiology difficult Severe sepsis with associated MODS – is the leading cause of death in adult intensive care units – has the highest mortality i ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑