Rate of Multiplication in the Mouse Lung of Unadapted and Adapted
... by the fact that the lag phase was demonstrated with an unadapted line passaged twice in mice. On the other hand, it is possible that in subsequent passages a variant type of virus may appear abruptly, the rapid growth of which during the first 12 hours may eliminate the lag phase in a single passag ...
... by the fact that the lag phase was demonstrated with an unadapted line passaged twice in mice. On the other hand, it is possible that in subsequent passages a variant type of virus may appear abruptly, the rapid growth of which during the first 12 hours may eliminate the lag phase in a single passag ...
Full text - Ip Lab - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
... therapeutic interventions for the treatment of H5N1 disease, as adjuncts to antiviral drugs. The emergence and spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1) in poultry and wild birds with repeated zoonotic transmission to humans has raised widespread concern. Outbreaks of H5N1 infec ...
... therapeutic interventions for the treatment of H5N1 disease, as adjuncts to antiviral drugs. The emergence and spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1) in poultry and wild birds with repeated zoonotic transmission to humans has raised widespread concern. Outbreaks of H5N1 infec ...
Emerging & Re-emerging Infectious Diseases
... Middle-East & Africa >220 million birds killed by AI virus or culled to prevent further spread Majority of human H5N1 infection due to direct contact with birds infected with virus ...
... Middle-East & Africa >220 million birds killed by AI virus or culled to prevent further spread Majority of human H5N1 infection due to direct contact with birds infected with virus ...
this reprint - Virus
... viruses. While this may be a logical starting point for virus research, viral infections in nature rarely occur in isolation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques have revealed that persistent viral infections are present in all domains of life. Archaea can be hosts to several types of p ...
... viruses. While this may be a logical starting point for virus research, viral infections in nature rarely occur in isolation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques have revealed that persistent viral infections are present in all domains of life. Archaea can be hosts to several types of p ...
African horse sickness
... AAHL is specifically continuing its work in developing laboratory capacity with the Indonesian government network of laboratories, continuing development of laboratory capacity for HPAI in particular and also addressing a range of zoonoses such as rabies, anthrax and brucellosis. Importantly the lab ...
... AAHL is specifically continuing its work in developing laboratory capacity with the Indonesian government network of laboratories, continuing development of laboratory capacity for HPAI in particular and also addressing a range of zoonoses such as rabies, anthrax and brucellosis. Importantly the lab ...
PDF
... inoculation, has also been recognized as an appropriate experimental model for studies involving the visual system [21–23]. A previous study demonstrated H7N3 virus replication in nasal, ocular, and rectal tissue following ocular inoculation in ferrets, but did not comprehensively examine the abilit ...
... inoculation, has also been recognized as an appropriate experimental model for studies involving the visual system [21–23]. A previous study demonstrated H7N3 virus replication in nasal, ocular, and rectal tissue following ocular inoculation in ferrets, but did not comprehensively examine the abilit ...
Some New Emerging Viral Diseases in South America and East
... Iquitos virus is another new virus that has just been mentioned for a few years. It is also in the group of bunyavirus. This virus is also firstly reported from Peru. The genetic reassortment of this virus contains “the S and L segments of Oropouche virus and the M segment of a novel Simbu serogroup ...
... Iquitos virus is another new virus that has just been mentioned for a few years. It is also in the group of bunyavirus. This virus is also firstly reported from Peru. The genetic reassortment of this virus contains “the S and L segments of Oropouche virus and the M segment of a novel Simbu serogroup ...
Pathogenesis of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Infection
... WHO: World Health Organization Wt: wild type ...
... WHO: World Health Organization Wt: wild type ...
Viral bacterial co-infection of the respiratory tract during early
... within clinical cohorts. In addition, variation in techniques, diagnostic cut-off values and pathogens targeted between individual studies further confounds the determination of the overall clinical significance of viral/bacterial co-infection. Despite the complexities surrounding clinical studies o ...
... within clinical cohorts. In addition, variation in techniques, diagnostic cut-off values and pathogens targeted between individual studies further confounds the determination of the overall clinical significance of viral/bacterial co-infection. Despite the complexities surrounding clinical studies o ...
Protective Clothing For Avian Flu
... Considering the breadth of this outbreak, few humans have been infected. However, more than half of those people with confirmed infections have died. The World Heath Organization (WHO) has confirmed 135 human cases and 69 fatalities from this strain between December 26, 2003 and December 7, 2005. WH ...
... Considering the breadth of this outbreak, few humans have been infected. However, more than half of those people with confirmed infections have died. The World Heath Organization (WHO) has confirmed 135 human cases and 69 fatalities from this strain between December 26, 2003 and December 7, 2005. WH ...
Differentiation of Rubella Virus Strains by Neutralization Kinetics
... virus were grown in Vero cells and stored at - 7 o °C. The standard virus used was a pool of the RA27/3 strain grown in WI-38 cells, lyophilized and stored at - 2o °C. Veto cells were obtained from the Public Health Laboratory Service at Colindale, U.K., and GL-RK13 cells from the National Institute ...
... virus were grown in Vero cells and stored at - 7 o °C. The standard virus used was a pool of the RA27/3 strain grown in WI-38 cells, lyophilized and stored at - 2o °C. Veto cells were obtained from the Public Health Laboratory Service at Colindale, U.K., and GL-RK13 cells from the National Institute ...
Section 1 RISK COMMUNICATION
... Risk communication and public education play a vital role in pandemic influenza preparedness and response. Strong risk communication and public outreach activities help build trust, confidence, and cooperation, and support effective preparedness and response efforts. Dissemination and sharing of tim ...
... Risk communication and public education play a vital role in pandemic influenza preparedness and response. Strong risk communication and public outreach activities help build trust, confidence, and cooperation, and support effective preparedness and response efforts. Dissemination and sharing of tim ...
Contingency Planning for an Influenza Pandemic
... • A pandemic means extensive global spreading of a completely new influenza virus. • A new type of influenza virus which is spread amongst humans arises somewhere in the world outside Sweden. The influenza reaches Sweden as part of an ongoing pandemic and quickly becomes widespread here in Sweden. • ...
... • A pandemic means extensive global spreading of a completely new influenza virus. • A new type of influenza virus which is spread amongst humans arises somewhere in the world outside Sweden. The influenza reaches Sweden as part of an ongoing pandemic and quickly becomes widespread here in Sweden. • ...
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Highly pathogenic avian
... Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Implementing good biosecurity practices is the best way to prevent any poultry disease, especially HPAI. These steps can help you keep your poultry healthy: • Keep your distance Isolate your poultry from visitors and other poultry. • Keep it clean. Prevent ge ...
... Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Implementing good biosecurity practices is the best way to prevent any poultry disease, especially HPAI. These steps can help you keep your poultry healthy: • Keep your distance Isolate your poultry from visitors and other poultry. • Keep it clean. Prevent ge ...
the Influenza Flu Kit Here
... Influenza immunisation contains no live viruses. Therefore it cannot cause influenza. The seasonal influenza vaccine contains fragments of disrupted (inactivated) virus. It stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies that naturally protect against circulating influenza viruses. Many other vir ...
... Influenza immunisation contains no live viruses. Therefore it cannot cause influenza. The seasonal influenza vaccine contains fragments of disrupted (inactivated) virus. It stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies that naturally protect against circulating influenza viruses. Many other vir ...
James Chu
... debris is evidence to cell lysis, and multinucleated clusters were occasionally found (see arrow) identical strains that also showed signs of cell lysis, thus demonstrating that the virus could infect other strains. Moreover, infected cells were frozen-thawed (which killed the amoeba without destroy ...
... debris is evidence to cell lysis, and multinucleated clusters were occasionally found (see arrow) identical strains that also showed signs of cell lysis, thus demonstrating that the virus could infect other strains. Moreover, infected cells were frozen-thawed (which killed the amoeba without destroy ...
Adult-accination-Turkey-Ageing-HAyderabat-2014
... I have never heard about it I have been vaccinated* ...
... I have never heard about it I have been vaccinated* ...
Importance of conserved amino acids at the cleavage site of the
... subsequent assays, they were all cleaved into HA1 and HA2 moieties and were indistinguishable by fusion activity (data not shown). Comparison of the amino acid sequences at the cleavage site of the HA revealed conservation, among all the HAs examined to date, of two amino acids: the proline proximal ...
... subsequent assays, they were all cleaved into HA1 and HA2 moieties and were indistinguishable by fusion activity (data not shown). Comparison of the amino acid sequences at the cleavage site of the HA revealed conservation, among all the HAs examined to date, of two amino acids: the proline proximal ...
Active Photocatalytic catalytic catalytic Oxidation Technology
... (MCIs) (Daniels, 2002). MCIs are both positively and negatively charged ions created near the surface of the TiO2 substrate, and are released into the airstream and environment. (Nisihawa, 2006). This abundance of both positively and negatively charged particles prohibits the formation of charged pa ...
... (MCIs) (Daniels, 2002). MCIs are both positively and negatively charged ions created near the surface of the TiO2 substrate, and are released into the airstream and environment. (Nisihawa, 2006). This abundance of both positively and negatively charged particles prohibits the formation of charged pa ...
abstract - Science Buddies
... virus is less likely to reach the inner lungs than the windpipe. The H5N1 virus is also less likely to spread from human to human. Coughing and sneezing easily transmits viruses that have multiplied in the windpipe, but not those located deep in the lungs. If H5N1 manages to mutate so that it can re ...
... virus is less likely to reach the inner lungs than the windpipe. The H5N1 virus is also less likely to spread from human to human. Coughing and sneezing easily transmits viruses that have multiplied in the windpipe, but not those located deep in the lungs. If H5N1 manages to mutate so that it can re ...
Employee Power Point presentation template
... How easily it will spread How long sick people will be contagious If symptoms will be like those of seasonal flu Who will be the most at risk How many hospitalizations and deaths will occur If medicines for treatment or prevention will work If existing flu vaccines will be effective ...
... How easily it will spread How long sick people will be contagious If symptoms will be like those of seasonal flu Who will be the most at risk How many hospitalizations and deaths will occur If medicines for treatment or prevention will work If existing flu vaccines will be effective ...
2012 SCOR Pandemic Risk Conference Highlights
... The emergence of a pandemic pathogen is affected by a number of biological factors, including the evolution of the pathogen, by more man-made factors such as surveillance, travel patterns, population density, containment and mitigation strategies, and by their interaction. The biological characteri ...
... The emergence of a pandemic pathogen is affected by a number of biological factors, including the evolution of the pathogen, by more man-made factors such as surveillance, travel patterns, population density, containment and mitigation strategies, and by their interaction. The biological characteri ...
Neonatal Herpes
... • In general, vaccines containing live viruses can cause a stronger immune response than vaccines with inactivated virus • VE data before and soon after licensure of LAIV suggested it was either comparable to, or better than, IIV ...
... • In general, vaccines containing live viruses can cause a stronger immune response than vaccines with inactivated virus • VE data before and soon after licensure of LAIV suggested it was either comparable to, or better than, IIV ...
4 Administration of seasonal influenza vaccine
... Because of the high mortality associated with H5N1 infection of humans, clinical evidence of protection is difficult to establish; use of challenge models is ethically unacceptable.11 An HI titre of 40 has been shown to correlate with 50% protection against experimental influenza infection in histo ...
... Because of the high mortality associated with H5N1 infection of humans, clinical evidence of protection is difficult to establish; use of challenge models is ethically unacceptable.11 An HI titre of 40 has been shown to correlate with 50% protection against experimental influenza infection in histo ...
Home Care Manual - 2008
... the H5N1 virus that causes the next pandemic, it can start anywhere and will spread quickly. A flu pandemic will create a public health emergency. This emergency will be different than other emergencies we have faced before - it will last longer (18 months to two years), make more people seriously i ...
... the H5N1 virus that causes the next pandemic, it can start anywhere and will spread quickly. A flu pandemic will create a public health emergency. This emergency will be different than other emergencies we have faced before - it will last longer (18 months to two years), make more people seriously i ...
Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as ""the flu"", is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus. Symptoms can be mild to severe. The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired. These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week. The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks. In children there may be nausea and vomiting but these are not common in adults. Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as ""stomach flu"" or ""24-hour flu"". Complications of influenza may include viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of previous health problems such as asthma or heart failure.Three types of influenza affect people. Usually, the virus is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes. This is believed to occur mostly over relatively short distances. It can also be spread by touching surfaces contaminated by the virus and then touching the mouth or eyes. A person may be infectious to others both before and during the time they are sick. The infection may be confirmed by testing the throat, sputum, or nose for the virus. A number of rapid tests are available; however, people may still have the infection if the results are negative. A type of polymerase chain reaction that detects the virus's RNA is more accurate.Frequent hand washing reduces the risk of infection because the virus is inactivated by soap. Wearing a surgical mask is also useful. Yearly vaccinations against influenza are recommended by the World Health Organization for those at high risk. The vaccine is usually effective against three or four types of influenza. It is usually well tolerated. A vaccine made for one year may not be useful in the following year, since the virus evolves rapidly. Antiviral drugs such as the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir among others have been used to treat influenza. Their benefits in those who are otherwise healthy do not appear to be greater than their risks. No benefit has been found in those with other health problems.Influenza spreads around the world in a yearly outbreak, resulting in about three to five million cases of severe illness and about 250,000 to 500,000 deaths. In the Northern and Southern parts of the world outbreaks occur mainly in winter while in areas around the equator outbreaks may occur at any time of the year. Death occurs mostly in the young, the old and those with other health problems. Larger outbreaks known as pandemics are less frequent. In the 20th century three influenza pandemics occurred: Spanish influenza in 1918, Asian influenza in 1958, and Hong Kong influenza in 1968, each resulting in more than a million deaths. The World Health Organization declared an outbreak of a new type of influenza A/H1N1 to be a pandemic in June 2009. Influenza may also affect other animals, including pigs, horses and birds.