Detection of Protein Coding Sequences Using a Mixture Model for
... Estimation of the model’s mixing coef cients fPr(C i )ji 5 1, 2, 3, . . . , M g was done using the ExpectationMaximization (EM) algorithm to maximize the log likelihood of observing the training set given model (3) with respect to the parameters Pr(Cm ). Speci cally, we maximized ...
... Estimation of the model’s mixing coef cients fPr(C i )ji 5 1, 2, 3, . . . , M g was done using the ExpectationMaximization (EM) algorithm to maximize the log likelihood of observing the training set given model (3) with respect to the parameters Pr(Cm ). Speci cally, we maximized ...
By Allison Byrum / Intern
... Richmond recalls Mrs. Luke’s classes as the first science instruction that she truly enjoyed. The experience convinced her to minor in science when she earned her teaching degree in college. After she began teaching, Richmond realized that earning a master’s degree in chemistry would be good for her ...
... Richmond recalls Mrs. Luke’s classes as the first science instruction that she truly enjoyed. The experience convinced her to minor in science when she earned her teaching degree in college. After she began teaching, Richmond realized that earning a master’s degree in chemistry would be good for her ...
Parts of a cell
... -Lysosomes are created when the Endoplasmic Reticulum develops its enzyme proteins, then the Golgi Complex finishes creating its digestive enzymes. -Lysosomes floats in the cytoplasm until they are needed. ...
... -Lysosomes are created when the Endoplasmic Reticulum develops its enzyme proteins, then the Golgi Complex finishes creating its digestive enzymes. -Lysosomes floats in the cytoplasm until they are needed. ...
Basics of Protein Expression
... T.Ito, G.Wagner, Journal of Biomolecular NMR 28: 357–367 (2004) ABRF 2009, PERG Workshop ...
... T.Ito, G.Wagner, Journal of Biomolecular NMR 28: 357–367 (2004) ABRF 2009, PERG Workshop ...
Lecture 7 - Université d`Ottawa
... passage of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Cl– • Voltage-gated channels open in response to changes in electric potential across the plasma membrane • Voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels are selective • Na+ (0.95 Å) is smaller than K+ (1.33 Å), and it is thought that the Na+ channel pore is too narrow for K+ or la ...
... passage of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Cl– • Voltage-gated channels open in response to changes in electric potential across the plasma membrane • Voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels are selective • Na+ (0.95 Å) is smaller than K+ (1.33 Å), and it is thought that the Na+ channel pore is too narrow for K+ or la ...
Organelle DB - BioMedSearch
... presented in Figure 2. We have taken particular care to utilize accurate gene/protein names for each record in Organelle DB, conforming to the established naming conventions in place for each organism. When possible, both a systematic name and a standard name have been provided for each protein. The ...
... presented in Figure 2. We have taken particular care to utilize accurate gene/protein names for each record in Organelle DB, conforming to the established naming conventions in place for each organism. When possible, both a systematic name and a standard name have been provided for each protein. The ...
DNA-templated CMV Viral Coat Protein Assemble Into Nanotubes
... The 500 bp double-stranded DNA was amplified from the template of pBR322 (Takara Biotechnology, Dalian) plasmid by Polymerase Chain Reaction with the forward primer: 5’-CCC TTA TGT TAC GTC CTG-3’ and the reverse primer: 5’-TGG TGT AGA GCA TTA CGC-3’. The amplification was carried out using the follo ...
... The 500 bp double-stranded DNA was amplified from the template of pBR322 (Takara Biotechnology, Dalian) plasmid by Polymerase Chain Reaction with the forward primer: 5’-CCC TTA TGT TAC GTC CTG-3’ and the reverse primer: 5’-TGG TGT AGA GCA TTA CGC-3’. The amplification was carried out using the follo ...
The molecule that revolutionised and illuminated cell biology started
... time and green was not always ideal for practical studies. ‘We found that a specific amino acid could change the primary colour of emission, but other amino acids also played smaller roles,’ he explains. By gradually making mutations in the gene to carefully change the amino acids, Tsien was able to ...
... time and green was not always ideal for practical studies. ‘We found that a specific amino acid could change the primary colour of emission, but other amino acids also played smaller roles,’ he explains. By gradually making mutations in the gene to carefully change the amino acids, Tsien was able to ...
Proteins: Fundamental Chemical Properties
... The first determination of the complete amino acid sequence of a protein was achieved in 1953 by Frederick Sanger in the case of insulin, a protein hormone of 51 residues. Since then the sequences of several hundred proteins have been deciphered using various techniques based on specific chemical reac ...
... The first determination of the complete amino acid sequence of a protein was achieved in 1953 by Frederick Sanger in the case of insulin, a protein hormone of 51 residues. Since then the sequences of several hundred proteins have been deciphered using various techniques based on specific chemical reac ...
Using Gene Expression Noise to Understand Gene Regulation
... the mechanisms by which each factor modulated transitions between an Off state, an intermediate “competent” state, and the fully active On state. Inferring Gene Regulatory Interaction from Correlations Between Fluctuating Genes The examples above illustrate how the expression distribution of a parti ...
... the mechanisms by which each factor modulated transitions between an Off state, an intermediate “competent” state, and the fully active On state. Inferring Gene Regulatory Interaction from Correlations Between Fluctuating Genes The examples above illustrate how the expression distribution of a parti ...
Synapse Specificity Minireview and Long
... the behaviors mediated by these synapses may not require a high degree of synapse specificity. More generally, just how specific do changes in synaptic efficacy need to be? Most arguments for synapse specificity are based on the belief that the complexity and abundance of the synaptic architecture m ...
... the behaviors mediated by these synapses may not require a high degree of synapse specificity. More generally, just how specific do changes in synaptic efficacy need to be? Most arguments for synapse specificity are based on the belief that the complexity and abundance of the synaptic architecture m ...
Combinatorial Transcription: expression/regulation depends on the
... Figure 3 Mechanism of insulator effect on enhancer function. (a) Diagram of two genes, X and Y, located within a chromosomal domain defined by two insulator sequences (ins) and their associated proteins (ibp). Enhancers located between the two genes (en1and en2) can activate transcription from the ...
... Figure 3 Mechanism of insulator effect on enhancer function. (a) Diagram of two genes, X and Y, located within a chromosomal domain defined by two insulator sequences (ins) and their associated proteins (ibp). Enhancers located between the two genes (en1and en2) can activate transcription from the ...
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic classification of viral hemorrhagic
... septicemia virus (VHSV) and to gain insight into the molecular epidemiology of this fish rhabdovirus. The sequences of the nonstructural (NV) protein and the transmembrane (G) protein of sequential North American and European isolates of VHSV were determined and used to compute phylogenetic trees. A ...
... septicemia virus (VHSV) and to gain insight into the molecular epidemiology of this fish rhabdovirus. The sequences of the nonstructural (NV) protein and the transmembrane (G) protein of sequential North American and European isolates of VHSV were determined and used to compute phylogenetic trees. A ...
Aim of the lab - Institute of Microelectronics
... Application of functional liposomes in cancer treatment and other deceases Complexes of cationic liposomes with DNA for gene therapy applications Cyclodextrins as molecular carriers (I. M. Mavridis, K. Yannakopoulou) The basis of cyclodextrins as pharmaceutical excipients Inclusion complexes ...
... Application of functional liposomes in cancer treatment and other deceases Complexes of cationic liposomes with DNA for gene therapy applications Cyclodextrins as molecular carriers (I. M. Mavridis, K. Yannakopoulou) The basis of cyclodextrins as pharmaceutical excipients Inclusion complexes ...
Hydrogen Bonds, Hydrophobicity Forces and the Character of the
... We now turn to negative κ, meaning strong hydrogen bonds and weak hydrophobicity forces. It is clear that the three-helix sequence will form one long helix rather than a helical bundle if κ is made too large negative. To get an idea of when this happens, we compare the energies of an optimized three ...
... We now turn to negative κ, meaning strong hydrogen bonds and weak hydrophobicity forces. It is clear that the three-helix sequence will form one long helix rather than a helical bundle if κ is made too large negative. To get an idea of when this happens, we compare the energies of an optimized three ...
Microbial fermentative processes, biomass, enzymes, amino acids
... • Chisti in 2007 proposed that under suitable culture conditions, some microalgal species are able to accumulate up to 50–70% of oil/lipid per dry weight. • Chisti also proposed the major reason of using microalgal oil for biodiesel production which is the tremendous oil production capacity by micro ...
... • Chisti in 2007 proposed that under suitable culture conditions, some microalgal species are able to accumulate up to 50–70% of oil/lipid per dry weight. • Chisti also proposed the major reason of using microalgal oil for biodiesel production which is the tremendous oil production capacity by micro ...
Bioinformatics - University of Colorado Denver
... COX-2. This achievement has paved the way for developing new therapies that bind more specifically to their target and therefore have fewer side effects. Understanding the enzyme structures of COX-1 and COX-2 helped researchers develop a drug that would only bind and inhibit COX-2. Many of the types ...
... COX-2. This achievement has paved the way for developing new therapies that bind more specifically to their target and therefore have fewer side effects. Understanding the enzyme structures of COX-1 and COX-2 helped researchers develop a drug that would only bind and inhibit COX-2. Many of the types ...
Biology 410 - KSU Web Home
... Below, I have listed several key components that regulate the movement and sorting of proteins through the ER-Golgi pathway. What I want you to do is this: ...
... Below, I have listed several key components that regulate the movement and sorting of proteins through the ER-Golgi pathway. What I want you to do is this: ...
Cloning of the ALL.1 Fusion Partner, the AF
... 0.5) as a probe to clone the corresponding region from normal DNA cloned, screened for hybridization to ALL-1 and AF-6 probes, and (Fig. IA, bottom). To examine whether this region of chromosome 6 sequenced. The RT-PCR products of both patients showed identical constitutes a breakpoint cluster regio ...
... 0.5) as a probe to clone the corresponding region from normal DNA cloned, screened for hybridization to ALL-1 and AF-6 probes, and (Fig. IA, bottom). To examine whether this region of chromosome 6 sequenced. The RT-PCR products of both patients showed identical constitutes a breakpoint cluster regio ...
AthPEX10, a nuclear gene essential for peroxisome and storage
... leads to accumulation of membrane sheets (8, 9). In H. polymorpha, PEX10-deficient mutants contain no peroxisome-like structures, and peroxisomal enzymes are located in the cytosol, whereas overexpression of PEX10p leads to increased numbers of peroxisomes, indicating its role in peroxisome prolifer ...
... leads to accumulation of membrane sheets (8, 9). In H. polymorpha, PEX10-deficient mutants contain no peroxisome-like structures, and peroxisomal enzymes are located in the cytosol, whereas overexpression of PEX10p leads to increased numbers of peroxisomes, indicating its role in peroxisome prolifer ...
Document
... molecular building blocks based on peptides and proteins that can be easily assembled to design higher order structures. Applications in the area of medicine, nanotechnology, and biological computing. ...
... molecular building blocks based on peptides and proteins that can be easily assembled to design higher order structures. Applications in the area of medicine, nanotechnology, and biological computing. ...
Mapping the Intramolecular Vibrational Energy Flow in Proteins
... sandwich fold, which totally buries ligands and suggests a common overall mechanism for ligand-mediated transcription regulation (Supporting Information, Figure S1). At the same time, novel ligands and mutations cause unsuspected functional responses by perturbing structural elements far from the mu ...
... sandwich fold, which totally buries ligands and suggests a common overall mechanism for ligand-mediated transcription regulation (Supporting Information, Figure S1). At the same time, novel ligands and mutations cause unsuspected functional responses by perturbing structural elements far from the mu ...
occasional article intracellular protein degradation: from a vague
... mammalian tissues are in a dynamic state. Moreover, our experiments have shown that the proteins of growing E. coli are static. Therefore it seems necessary to conclude that the synthesis and maintenance of proteins within growing cells is not necessarily or inherently associated with a ‘dynamic sta ...
... mammalian tissues are in a dynamic state. Moreover, our experiments have shown that the proteins of growing E. coli are static. Therefore it seems necessary to conclude that the synthesis and maintenance of proteins within growing cells is not necessarily or inherently associated with a ‘dynamic sta ...
Gene silencing - Get Biotech Smart
... • If we want to stop that protein from being made we can disable the sense strand of RNA • RNA can become double stranded • What is needed is an “antisense” strand of RNA to bind with the “sense” strand ...
... • If we want to stop that protein from being made we can disable the sense strand of RNA • RNA can become double stranded • What is needed is an “antisense” strand of RNA to bind with the “sense” strand ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.