Development of a protein microarray using sequence
... binding domain with high affinity, although four binding sites have slightly different affinity, and has been extensively used as binding sequence of yeast two-hybrid system [15–17]. Titration of binding reaction of increasing amounts of the fusion protein (GAL4 DBD/EGFP) with 20 fmol/lL DNA fragment was ...
... binding domain with high affinity, although four binding sites have slightly different affinity, and has been extensively used as binding sequence of yeast two-hybrid system [15–17]. Titration of binding reaction of increasing amounts of the fusion protein (GAL4 DBD/EGFP) with 20 fmol/lL DNA fragment was ...
Power, Sex, Suicide. Mitochondria and the Meaning
... • Click here for a summary of Lecture 15 "An Introduction to Mitochondria. Separation of mitochondrial compartments" • Click here for a summary of Lecture 16 " Analysis of mitochondrial compartments / Proteins. Chloroplasts" • Click here for a sample calculation of electron transfer rates in mitocho ...
... • Click here for a summary of Lecture 15 "An Introduction to Mitochondria. Separation of mitochondrial compartments" • Click here for a summary of Lecture 16 " Analysis of mitochondrial compartments / Proteins. Chloroplasts" • Click here for a sample calculation of electron transfer rates in mitocho ...
... whole structure of the fusion protein construction is made up of, Clostridium epsilon toxin ETX/ MTX2, family member which is combined with Leucocidin/ASH4 hemolysin domain. The nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of the epsilon toxin gene are located between the start codon at the base 188 ...
Identifying Differentially Expressed Gene Categories
... Energy Derivation by Oxidation of Organic Compounds ...
... Energy Derivation by Oxidation of Organic Compounds ...
The Atlas of Protein Sequences
... 12,953 entries, with 78% coverage of all proteins in UniProtKB. • Each entry has annotation provided in the name, GO mapping and abstract fields, and all matches against the Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL components of UniProt are precomputed and available for viewing in different formats. • Protein 3D struc ...
... 12,953 entries, with 78% coverage of all proteins in UniProtKB. • Each entry has annotation provided in the name, GO mapping and abstract fields, and all matches against the Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL components of UniProt are precomputed and available for viewing in different formats. • Protein 3D struc ...
Gene Section NUP98 (nucleoporin 98 kDa) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... syndrome (MDS) or acute non lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) --> NUP98-DDX10 ...
... syndrome (MDS) or acute non lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) --> NUP98-DDX10 ...
PDF - 279 KB - University of Guelph
... genes to produce a specific phenotype. As diagrammed, changes in the ligand, receptor, transducers, or target genes will be pleiotropic, altering multiple phenotypes (A, B, C, and D). However, alterations in a transcriptional regulator would affect only one phenotype. The yellow area represents a si ...
... genes to produce a specific phenotype. As diagrammed, changes in the ligand, receptor, transducers, or target genes will be pleiotropic, altering multiple phenotypes (A, B, C, and D). However, alterations in a transcriptional regulator would affect only one phenotype. The yellow area represents a si ...
Biology / Biochemistry News
... cysteine within mammalian cells, thereby regulating several different actions in cells. One result of this removal is the activation of molecules that begin apoptosis, which is the normal programmed death of a cell. This process has potential importance for many diseases, including inflammatory dise ...
... cysteine within mammalian cells, thereby regulating several different actions in cells. One result of this removal is the activation of molecules that begin apoptosis, which is the normal programmed death of a cell. This process has potential importance for many diseases, including inflammatory dise ...
On the energy and material cost of gene duplication
... ribosomes, rendering them unavailable for expressing other genes at appropriate levels. Experimental approaches like these are powerful, because they can directly demonstrate the effects of gene expression on cell growth. However, they can detect the expression costs of only the most highly expresse ...
... ribosomes, rendering them unavailable for expressing other genes at appropriate levels. Experimental approaches like these are powerful, because they can directly demonstrate the effects of gene expression on cell growth. However, they can detect the expression costs of only the most highly expresse ...
Haustorially Expressed Secreted Proteins from Flax Rust Are Highly
... We identified genes encoding haustorially expressed secreted proteins (HESPs) by screening a flax rust haustoriumspecific cDNA library. Among 429 unigenes, 21 HESPs were identified, one corresponding to the AvrL567 gene. Three other HESPs cosegregated with the independent AvrM, AvrP4, and AvrP123 lo ...
... We identified genes encoding haustorially expressed secreted proteins (HESPs) by screening a flax rust haustoriumspecific cDNA library. Among 429 unigenes, 21 HESPs were identified, one corresponding to the AvrL567 gene. Three other HESPs cosegregated with the independent AvrM, AvrP4, and AvrP123 lo ...
An overview of E. coli expression systems
... codons appear in genes of these organisms E.g. CGT, CGC, CGG, AGG, AGA, CGA code for arginine, but the last 3 (AGG, AGA, CGA) are rarely used in E. coli and it has low amounts of respective tRNAs. ...
... codons appear in genes of these organisms E.g. CGT, CGC, CGG, AGG, AGA, CGA code for arginine, but the last 3 (AGG, AGA, CGA) are rarely used in E. coli and it has low amounts of respective tRNAs. ...
The Oxidosqualene Cyclase from the Oomycete Saprolegnia
... is significantly truncated (Warrilow et al., 2014). Both gene products possess the Y,N,V triad that is believed to determine enzyme specificity. It is, however, unclear if both proteins are catalytically active enzymes, as there is limited information on the other protein features required for LAS a ...
... is significantly truncated (Warrilow et al., 2014). Both gene products possess the Y,N,V triad that is believed to determine enzyme specificity. It is, however, unclear if both proteins are catalytically active enzymes, as there is limited information on the other protein features required for LAS a ...
Slide 1 - Elsevier Store
... FIGURE 22-5: Schematic illustration of the mechanisms by which the activity of adenylyl cyclases may be regulated. Whereas all forms of adenylyl cyclase are activated by Gαs (αs) and forskolin, different types of the enzyme can be distinguished by their regulation by Ca 2+ and by other G protein su ...
... FIGURE 22-5: Schematic illustration of the mechanisms by which the activity of adenylyl cyclases may be regulated. Whereas all forms of adenylyl cyclase are activated by Gαs (αs) and forskolin, different types of the enzyme can be distinguished by their regulation by Ca 2+ and by other G protein su ...
Lecture 4 - University of California, Santa Cruz
... IA synthesizes an enzyme that adds sugar A to RBC surface IB synthesizes an enzyme that adds sugar B to RBC surface i does not produce an enzyme A phenotype arises from two genotypes B blood type is due to two genotypes AB blood type is due to a single genotype ...
... IA synthesizes an enzyme that adds sugar A to RBC surface IB synthesizes an enzyme that adds sugar B to RBC surface i does not produce an enzyme A phenotype arises from two genotypes B blood type is due to two genotypes AB blood type is due to a single genotype ...
vegetarians - Llantwit Major School
... • Find out as much information as possible about different types of vegetarian alternatives: • TVP • Quorn • Soya • Tofu ...
... • Find out as much information as possible about different types of vegetarian alternatives: • TVP • Quorn • Soya • Tofu ...
Novel plasmodesmata association of dehydrin
... labeling and TEM. The nucleus and cytoplasm of xylem parenchyma and cortical cells were uniformly labeled with immunogold particles (Figures 3A and 3E). Exposure of similar tissues to pre-immune serum produced only background labeling (compare Figures 3A and 3E to 3B and 3F). The nucleus and cytopla ...
... labeling and TEM. The nucleus and cytoplasm of xylem parenchyma and cortical cells were uniformly labeled with immunogold particles (Figures 3A and 3E). Exposure of similar tissues to pre-immune serum produced only background labeling (compare Figures 3A and 3E to 3B and 3F). The nucleus and cytopla ...
secondary active transport
... detergents disrupt lipid bilayer and incorporate proteins and some lipids into ...
... detergents disrupt lipid bilayer and incorporate proteins and some lipids into ...
Virus-Host Interactions during Movement Processes
... through the vascular system. Plant viruses encode one or more nonstructural proteins specifically required for movement within their hosts and many also require their capsid (coat) protein(s). Classically, a viral movement protein (MP) is defined by its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size excl ...
... through the vascular system. Plant viruses encode one or more nonstructural proteins specifically required for movement within their hosts and many also require their capsid (coat) protein(s). Classically, a viral movement protein (MP) is defined by its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size excl ...
Lecture 24
... This technique was developed by Labaer and colleagues (Ramachandran et al. 2004). NAPPA combines recombinant cloning technologies with cell-free protein expression. It replaces the cumbersome process of spotting the synthesized protein with simpler process of spotting purified plasmid DNA. In this m ...
... This technique was developed by Labaer and colleagues (Ramachandran et al. 2004). NAPPA combines recombinant cloning technologies with cell-free protein expression. It replaces the cumbersome process of spotting the synthesized protein with simpler process of spotting purified plasmid DNA. In this m ...
manual K. lactis Protein Expression Kit E1000S
... promoter (PLAC4-PBI) that has been engineered to lack background E. coli transcriptional activity (2). Therefore, genes encoding products toxic to E. coli can be cloned into pKLAC2 in E. coli prior to their introduction into yeast cells. To achieve expression in yeast, pKLAC2 containing a cloned gen ...
... promoter (PLAC4-PBI) that has been engineered to lack background E. coli transcriptional activity (2). Therefore, genes encoding products toxic to E. coli can be cloned into pKLAC2 in E. coli prior to their introduction into yeast cells. To achieve expression in yeast, pKLAC2 containing a cloned gen ...
H1 and HMG17 extracted from calf thymus nuclei are
... of the protein fractions 2V–3.5V by chromatographic methods (FPLC) which results in a considerable increase in the transfection efficiency. Each step of the purification process was checked by transfection experiments using the protein samples as DNA packaging agents. Only positive samples were inve ...
... of the protein fractions 2V–3.5V by chromatographic methods (FPLC) which results in a considerable increase in the transfection efficiency. Each step of the purification process was checked by transfection experiments using the protein samples as DNA packaging agents. Only positive samples were inve ...
C. Sulfonamides
... Bacterial cell does not have such transport system and they should synthesize tetrahydrofolate using PABA. For that reason, human cells do not need dihydropteroate synthetaze enzyme which means sulfonamides have selective antibacterial activity. ...
... Bacterial cell does not have such transport system and they should synthesize tetrahydrofolate using PABA. For that reason, human cells do not need dihydropteroate synthetaze enzyme which means sulfonamides have selective antibacterial activity. ...
How exercise may regulate transcription
... Cellular and Molecular Exercise Physiology. See: Booth FW: Perspectives on molecular and cellular exercise physiology. J. Appl. Physiol, 65: 14611471, 1988. Molecular exercise physiology is a shortened version of the term used by Booth. A narrow definition of the term “molecular exercise physiology” ...
... Cellular and Molecular Exercise Physiology. See: Booth FW: Perspectives on molecular and cellular exercise physiology. J. Appl. Physiol, 65: 14611471, 1988. Molecular exercise physiology is a shortened version of the term used by Booth. A narrow definition of the term “molecular exercise physiology” ...
Chapter 3
... • These linkages are formed between carbon 3 of the sugar and a phosphate group that is associated with carbon 5 of the sugar. • The backbone consists of alternating sugars and ...
... • These linkages are formed between carbon 3 of the sugar and a phosphate group that is associated with carbon 5 of the sugar. • The backbone consists of alternating sugars and ...
The evolution of molecular genetic pathways and networks
... In a study on the rates of gene evolution in the plant anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, differential rates of molecular evolution have been noted for enzymatic genes.(10) In comparisons between monocots and dicots, the nonsynonymous substitution rates of the downstream genes DFR, ANS and UF3GT evol ...
... In a study on the rates of gene evolution in the plant anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, differential rates of molecular evolution have been noted for enzymatic genes.(10) In comparisons between monocots and dicots, the nonsynonymous substitution rates of the downstream genes DFR, ANS and UF3GT evol ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.