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... 3. as in Neiiseria spp.. Two copies of BioC, one is coupled to BioH and another one is linked to BioG. 4. as in Bacillus subtilis. The pimeloyl-CoA synthase BioW. 5. as in some cyanobacteria. BioC and BioK. 6. as in some rhizobia. BioC and BioZ. bioG: The bioG gene always forms an operon with bioC a ...
... 3. as in Neiiseria spp.. Two copies of BioC, one is coupled to BioH and another one is linked to BioG. 4. as in Bacillus subtilis. The pimeloyl-CoA synthase BioW. 5. as in some cyanobacteria. BioC and BioK. 6. as in some rhizobia. BioC and BioZ. bioG: The bioG gene always forms an operon with bioC a ...
Protein conformational changes induced by adsorption onto material
... Protein conformational changes induced by adsorption onto material surfaces... unfolded. The biological role of nonfolded protein domains is also the focus of considerable work in structural biology [25]. The classic view of Langmuir isotherm for protein adsorption on material surfaces assumes that ...
... Protein conformational changes induced by adsorption onto material surfaces... unfolded. The biological role of nonfolded protein domains is also the focus of considerable work in structural biology [25]. The classic view of Langmuir isotherm for protein adsorption on material surfaces assumes that ...
TARGETING YOUR DNA WITH THE CRE/LOX SYSTEM
... expressed. Conditions in which the cre is present thus regulated the expression of the lacZ gene. Take the example in Figure 2, where you are trying to control the gene lacZ. Transgenic organisms with a ‘stop’ sequence between the promoter and gene cannot express the LacZ protein. When Cre is presen ...
... expressed. Conditions in which the cre is present thus regulated the expression of the lacZ gene. Take the example in Figure 2, where you are trying to control the gene lacZ. Transgenic organisms with a ‘stop’ sequence between the promoter and gene cannot express the LacZ protein. When Cre is presen ...
Molecular Components of the Signal Sequence that Function in the
... One of the characteristic phenotypes exhibited by strains carrying the 42-1 fusion is related to the inability of the cell to export the LamB-LacZ hybrid protein efficiently. When cells containing this gene fusion are grown in the presence of maltose to induce high-level synthesis of the hybrid prot ...
... One of the characteristic phenotypes exhibited by strains carrying the 42-1 fusion is related to the inability of the cell to export the LamB-LacZ hybrid protein efficiently. When cells containing this gene fusion are grown in the presence of maltose to induce high-level synthesis of the hybrid prot ...
Acetylcholine Receptor-associated 43K Protein Contains Covalently
... with both proteins accumulating at newly forming nervemuscle synapses at the same rate (8). Skeletal muscle 43K protein also resembles the Torpedo protein in being associated with nAchR clusters on receptor-rich membrane fragments and because redistribution of these nAchRs occurs upon its removal wi ...
... with both proteins accumulating at newly forming nervemuscle synapses at the same rate (8). Skeletal muscle 43K protein also resembles the Torpedo protein in being associated with nAchR clusters on receptor-rich membrane fragments and because redistribution of these nAchRs occurs upon its removal wi ...
The lac Operon - kyoussef-mci
... Cell Specialization each cell of a multicellular eukaryote expresses only a small fraction of its genes Development different genes needed at different points in life cycle of an organism ...
... Cell Specialization each cell of a multicellular eukaryote expresses only a small fraction of its genes Development different genes needed at different points in life cycle of an organism ...
Protein methylation at the surface and buried deep
... Protein lysine methylation: not just for histones Although most protein lysine methyltransferases are SETdomain family members [4,9], there is an increasing number of seven-beta-strand enzymes being reported that catalyze similar reactions [16–19]. These enzymes result in the formation of monomethyl ...
... Protein lysine methylation: not just for histones Although most protein lysine methyltransferases are SETdomain family members [4,9], there is an increasing number of seven-beta-strand enzymes being reported that catalyze similar reactions [16–19]. These enzymes result in the formation of monomethyl ...
Solubility-enhancing proteins MBP and NusA play a passive role in
... fusion proteins by TEV protease, GFP and DHFR, have biological activities that can be measured. We, therefore, sought to perform a more quantitative assessment of folding eYciency in these cases. To this end, the Xuorescence intensity of soluble extracts prepared from an equal number of cells produc ...
... fusion proteins by TEV protease, GFP and DHFR, have biological activities that can be measured. We, therefore, sought to perform a more quantitative assessment of folding eYciency in these cases. To this end, the Xuorescence intensity of soluble extracts prepared from an equal number of cells produc ...
Bacillus Subtilis Expression Vectors
... While the background level of expression of these expression cassettes is very low in the absence of the inducer, an induction factor of about 1,300 was measured using the bgaB reporter gene (Phan et al., 2005). The amount of recombinant protein produced after addition of IPTG may represent 10 and 1 ...
... While the background level of expression of these expression cassettes is very low in the absence of the inducer, an induction factor of about 1,300 was measured using the bgaB reporter gene (Phan et al., 2005). The amount of recombinant protein produced after addition of IPTG may represent 10 and 1 ...
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Git1 Is a C2
... cyclase in a G-protein-independent manner. Alternatively, these proteins may be required for the stabilization or localization of Gpa2 or adenylate cyclase, or are somehow otherwise required for Gpa2-mediated activation of adenylate cyclase. In this study, we describe the cloning and characterizatio ...
... cyclase in a G-protein-independent manner. Alternatively, these proteins may be required for the stabilization or localization of Gpa2 or adenylate cyclase, or are somehow otherwise required for Gpa2-mediated activation of adenylate cyclase. In this study, we describe the cloning and characterizatio ...
Poster
... If molecules are not in their proper location within a cell at the right time, disease may result. Protein kinase A (PKA) is an enzyme involved in a multitude of signaling pathways in cells, including those that regulate heartbeat. PKA catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to another protein, ...
... If molecules are not in their proper location within a cell at the right time, disease may result. Protein kinase A (PKA) is an enzyme involved in a multitude of signaling pathways in cells, including those that regulate heartbeat. PKA catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to another protein, ...
No Slide Title
... • DP. 33 Paper on S pathway genes on the production of flavour precursors in garlic • Biosynthesis of the flavour precursors of onion and garlic, invited review for special issue on Sulphur Metabolism in Plants, Journal of Experimental Botany – in preparation ...
... • DP. 33 Paper on S pathway genes on the production of flavour precursors in garlic • Biosynthesis of the flavour precursors of onion and garlic, invited review for special issue on Sulphur Metabolism in Plants, Journal of Experimental Botany – in preparation ...
Conservation of L and 3C proteinase activities across distantly
... The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) leader (L) proteinase is an important virulence determinant in FMDV infections. It possesses two distinct catalytic activities : (i) C-terminal processing at the L/VP4 junction ; and (ii) induction of the cleavage of translation initiation factor eIF4G, an eve ...
... The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) leader (L) proteinase is an important virulence determinant in FMDV infections. It possesses two distinct catalytic activities : (i) C-terminal processing at the L/VP4 junction ; and (ii) induction of the cleavage of translation initiation factor eIF4G, an eve ...
Gene Section ECM1 (Extracellular matrix protein 1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... Schematic representation of ECM1 and its four splice variants: ECM1 protein is divided in a signal sequence (19 aa) (black box) and four different domains based on the presence or absence of cysteines: an N-terminal cysteine-free domain (white box), two tandem repeats (green and gray box), and a C-t ...
... Schematic representation of ECM1 and its four splice variants: ECM1 protein is divided in a signal sequence (19 aa) (black box) and four different domains based on the presence or absence of cysteines: an N-terminal cysteine-free domain (white box), two tandem repeats (green and gray box), and a C-t ...
The RNA-binding protein repertoire of embryonic
... interactome. MS data for those proteins showed lower P values than for the proteins found only in one or two studies (Supplementary Fig. 1a). Forty percent (131/326) of the common proteins are not currently annotated as RBPs. As these 326 proteins were detected in three different cell types of disti ...
... interactome. MS data for those proteins showed lower P values than for the proteins found only in one or two studies (Supplementary Fig. 1a). Forty percent (131/326) of the common proteins are not currently annotated as RBPs. As these 326 proteins were detected in three different cell types of disti ...
GMM Risk Assessment - Queen`s University Belfast
... that reviewers have a general idea of their function (a 3 letter name may be insufficient) Where gene function is not known please give details of any known homologues. Generic examples may be sufficient. 2.5 Most Hazardous GMM Considering human health and environmental risks, the most hazardous GMM ...
... that reviewers have a general idea of their function (a 3 letter name may be insufficient) Where gene function is not known please give details of any known homologues. Generic examples may be sufficient. 2.5 Most Hazardous GMM Considering human health and environmental risks, the most hazardous GMM ...
mic.sgmjournals.org
... and y4083) were strongly increased at 37 6C. The Ail/Lom family protein y1682 (OmpX) was strongly increased at 26 6C. Several porins and TonB-dependent receptors, which control small molecule transport through the OM, were also altered in abundance in a temperature-dependent manner. These marked dif ...
... and y4083) were strongly increased at 37 6C. The Ail/Lom family protein y1682 (OmpX) was strongly increased at 26 6C. Several porins and TonB-dependent receptors, which control small molecule transport through the OM, were also altered in abundance in a temperature-dependent manner. These marked dif ...
Supplementary Table S1: Published information about
... Somatic muscle attachment during Drosophila embryogenesis. Mutations in masquerade affect axonal guidance and taste behavior in Drosophila The gastrulation defective (gd) locus encodes a novel serine protease that is involved in specifying the dorsal-ventral axis during embryonic development. At lea ...
... Somatic muscle attachment during Drosophila embryogenesis. Mutations in masquerade affect axonal guidance and taste behavior in Drosophila The gastrulation defective (gd) locus encodes a novel serine protease that is involved in specifying the dorsal-ventral axis during embryonic development. At lea ...
Long noncoding RNAs and human disease - e
... view, lncRNAs are convenient biomarkers of ongoing regulation. Although only a minority have been characterized in detail, lncRNAs participate in diverse biological processes through distinct mechanisms. Generally, lncRNAs have been implicated in gene-regulatory roles, such as chromosome dosage-comp ...
... view, lncRNAs are convenient biomarkers of ongoing regulation. Although only a minority have been characterized in detail, lncRNAs participate in diverse biological processes through distinct mechanisms. Generally, lncRNAs have been implicated in gene-regulatory roles, such as chromosome dosage-comp ...
The Drosophila Expression System.
... pAc5.1/V5-His to create pAc5.1/V5-His/GFP. The vector was cotransfected with the selection vector pCoHygro. Stable S2 cells were selected in ...
... pAc5.1/V5-His to create pAc5.1/V5-His/GFP. The vector was cotransfected with the selection vector pCoHygro. Stable S2 cells were selected in ...
Why have organelles retained genomes?
... all genes have the potential to be expressed in the nucleus but some of the resulting proteins are too hydrophobic to be imported across the double membranes surrounding plastids and mitochondria16,17. Another proposal is that idiosyncratic base or codon usage might prevent nuclear expression of som ...
... all genes have the potential to be expressed in the nucleus but some of the resulting proteins are too hydrophobic to be imported across the double membranes surrounding plastids and mitochondria16,17. Another proposal is that idiosyncratic base or codon usage might prevent nuclear expression of som ...
Neurodegenerative diseases
... the accumulation of misfolded proteins in aggregates in the brain. How and why these proteins form aggregates and cause disease is still poorly understood. Small model organisms—the baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly Drosophila melanoga ...
... the accumulation of misfolded proteins in aggregates in the brain. How and why these proteins form aggregates and cause disease is still poorly understood. Small model organisms—the baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly Drosophila melanoga ...
Gene Expression and Signal Transduction
... The best-studied plant genome is that of A. thaliana. Arabidopsis contains roughly 26,000 genes, approximately the same number as in the human genome. In contrast, the rice (Oryza sativa) genome has been estimated to contain between 35,000 and 55,000 genes, far more than are in the human genome. Som ...
... The best-studied plant genome is that of A. thaliana. Arabidopsis contains roughly 26,000 genes, approximately the same number as in the human genome. In contrast, the rice (Oryza sativa) genome has been estimated to contain between 35,000 and 55,000 genes, far more than are in the human genome. Som ...
Traffic Control: Rab GTPases and the Regulation of
... β-sheet surrounded by α-helices (Fig. 3). Extensive analysis of other GTPases has defined two regions, termed switches I and II, that are located near the phosphate region of the bound guanine nucleotide and undergo dramatic conformational change on nucleotide exchange. These regions are involved in ...
... β-sheet surrounded by α-helices (Fig. 3). Extensive analysis of other GTPases has defined two regions, termed switches I and II, that are located near the phosphate region of the bound guanine nucleotide and undergo dramatic conformational change on nucleotide exchange. These regions are involved in ...
Calmodulin-binding protein phosphatase PP7 is involved in
... AtPP7 knockout impaired the thermotolerance of Arabidopsis seedlings while the overexpression of AtPP7 resulted in plants with increased thermotolerance. Results from realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that the expression of AtHSP70 and AtHSP101 genes was up-regulated in AtPP7 overexpre ...
... AtPP7 knockout impaired the thermotolerance of Arabidopsis seedlings while the overexpression of AtPP7 resulted in plants with increased thermotolerance. Results from realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that the expression of AtHSP70 and AtHSP101 genes was up-regulated in AtPP7 overexpre ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.