Final Report of the Working Group on Fisheries Acoustics, Science
... salmon migration at sea, and the use of broadband technology to improve fish species and size discrimination with the goals of minimizing overfishing and bycatch. As the community is striving to use acoustics to its full potential in ecosystem assessment, new ways of using and integrating existing d ...
... salmon migration at sea, and the use of broadband technology to improve fish species and size discrimination with the goals of minimizing overfishing and bycatch. As the community is striving to use acoustics to its full potential in ecosystem assessment, new ways of using and integrating existing d ...
Microbial community structure in the
North Pacific ocean
... known phylogenetic diversity across all three domains. Comparisons of unique sequences revealed a remarkably low degree of overlap between communities at each depth. The 444 147 sequence tags analyzed represented 62 975 unique sequences. Of these, 3707 (5.9%) occurred at two depths, and only 298 (0. ...
North Pacific ocean
... known phylogenetic diversity across all three domains. Comparisons of unique sequences revealed a remarkably low degree of overlap between communities at each depth. The 444 147 sequence tags analyzed represented 62 975 unique sequences. Of these, 3707 (5.9%) occurred at two depths, and only 298 (0. ...
Oceans in Peril - Worldwatch Institute
... of hydrothermal vents on the sea bottom.21 Such vents, which gush hot water into the cold, deep ocean, are concentrated mainly along the Mid-Oceanic Ridge system, a 60,000kilometer seam of geological activity.22 Hundreds, if not thousands, of vent sites may exist along the ridges, but only an estima ...
... of hydrothermal vents on the sea bottom.21 Such vents, which gush hot water into the cold, deep ocean, are concentrated mainly along the Mid-Oceanic Ridge system, a 60,000kilometer seam of geological activity.22 Hundreds, if not thousands, of vent sites may exist along the ridges, but only an estima ...
Marine ecosystems and the role of marine protected areas as
... strong winds such as tsunamis in volcanic active regions. They maintain water quality by trapping silt from rivers and filtering out pollutants (buffer zone). Mangroves are rich habitats for animals and plants species such as crustaceans, molluscs, fishes and birds. These organisms constitute part o ...
... strong winds such as tsunamis in volcanic active regions. They maintain water quality by trapping silt from rivers and filtering out pollutants (buffer zone). Mangroves are rich habitats for animals and plants species such as crustaceans, molluscs, fishes and birds. These organisms constitute part o ...
COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR CORAL REEFS
... The largest animals may be much rarer and harder to find and to kill than the small ones, but the amount of meat obtained repays the extra time to find them and energy needed to kill them. Hunters specialize in them until they are gone, when they switch to the next largest and most desirable species ...
... The largest animals may be much rarer and harder to find and to kill than the small ones, but the amount of meat obtained repays the extra time to find them and energy needed to kill them. Hunters specialize in them until they are gone, when they switch to the next largest and most desirable species ...
Lytic viral infection of bacterioplankton in deep
... nasa.gov/WIKI/OCProd.html, remained at a low level during the whole investigation (range, 0.0310–0.1834 mg m−3 ). Water temperature decreased to, on average, 18.39 ± 4.11, 4.25 ± 0.48 and 2.19 ± 0.33 ◦ C at the 200, 1000 and 2000 m depths. Salinity gradually increased with depth vertically to 34.63 ...
... nasa.gov/WIKI/OCProd.html, remained at a low level during the whole investigation (range, 0.0310–0.1834 mg m−3 ). Water temperature decreased to, on average, 18.39 ± 4.11, 4.25 ± 0.48 and 2.19 ± 0.33 ◦ C at the 200, 1000 and 2000 m depths. Salinity gradually increased with depth vertically to 34.63 ...
The Ocean Floor - NVHSEarthScienceOlsen
... look at the pros and cons of using the oceans for its resources. 1. Read the excerpt on the back of your handout carefully. 2. Make a list of 5-10 pros – why we SHOULD extract resources from the ocean. 3. Make a list of 5-10 cons– why we SHOULD NOT extract resources from the ocean. 4. Write a persua ...
... look at the pros and cons of using the oceans for its resources. 1. Read the excerpt on the back of your handout carefully. 2. Make a list of 5-10 pros – why we SHOULD extract resources from the ocean. 3. Make a list of 5-10 cons– why we SHOULD NOT extract resources from the ocean. 4. Write a persua ...
The Baltic Sea - European Environment Agency
... from the Skagerrak to the Baltic Sea. Persistent westerly winds can generate large shortterm inflows of higher salinity. The interval between such episodes may be several years, but they can have significant ecological effects. The distribution of plant and animal species is profoundly influenced by ...
... from the Skagerrak to the Baltic Sea. Persistent westerly winds can generate large shortterm inflows of higher salinity. The interval between such episodes may be several years, but they can have significant ecological effects. The distribution of plant and animal species is profoundly influenced by ...
Cumulative impact on benthic biotopes
... phase with a ceasing pressure, recovery of the organisms and their environment may take place and shift the starting level for the following pressure event. It is impossible to reflect this complexity without dynamic modelling of all involved processes. Therefore, only the most important parameters ...
... phase with a ceasing pressure, recovery of the organisms and their environment may take place and shift the starting level for the following pressure event. It is impossible to reflect this complexity without dynamic modelling of all involved processes. Therefore, only the most important parameters ...
GEO/OC 103 Exploring the Deep… Lab 7
... over the past two centuries, populations of some species of marine life have decreased and even become extinct. Given the ocean’s vast area, it is difficult to locate, monitor, and track changes in stocks of commercially important fish and shellfish. Thus, scientists frequently use satellites to indirec ...
... over the past two centuries, populations of some species of marine life have decreased and even become extinct. Given the ocean’s vast area, it is difficult to locate, monitor, and track changes in stocks of commercially important fish and shellfish. Thus, scientists frequently use satellites to indirec ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... 2008; Roberts et al., 2010]. The deglacial transition appears to have been characterized by multiple switches between glacial and Holocene-like circulation modes [e.g., Zahn and Stuber, 2002; Skinner et al., 2003; McManus et al., 2004; Skinner and Shackleton, 2004; Roberts et al., 2010] and possibly ...
... 2008; Roberts et al., 2010]. The deglacial transition appears to have been characterized by multiple switches between glacial and Holocene-like circulation modes [e.g., Zahn and Stuber, 2002; Skinner et al., 2003; McManus et al., 2004; Skinner and Shackleton, 2004; Roberts et al., 2010] and possibly ...
unep/cbd/sbstta/20/inf/25
... investigated further, to assess the potential for evolutionary adaptation. Multigenerational studies with calcifying and non-calcifying algal cultures show that adaptation to high CO2 is possible for some species. Such studies are more difficult to conduct for long-lived organisms or for organisms f ...
... investigated further, to assess the potential for evolutionary adaptation. Multigenerational studies with calcifying and non-calcifying algal cultures show that adaptation to high CO2 is possible for some species. Such studies are more difficult to conduct for long-lived organisms or for organisms f ...
Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem
... euthecosome species. Although these data suggest that both groups reduce calcification in response to ocean acidification, the small number of species tested precludes the identification of general trends. Species-specific responses are likely, and it is possible that the calcification rates of some ...
... euthecosome species. Although these data suggest that both groups reduce calcification in response to ocean acidification, the small number of species tested precludes the identification of general trends. Species-specific responses are likely, and it is possible that the calcification rates of some ...
Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes
... euthecosome species. Although these data suggest that both groups reduce calcification in response to ocean acidification, the small number of species tested precludes the identification of general trends. Species-specific responses are likely, and it is possible that the calcification rates of some ...
... euthecosome species. Although these data suggest that both groups reduce calcification in response to ocean acidification, the small number of species tested precludes the identification of general trends. Species-specific responses are likely, and it is possible that the calcification rates of some ...
Horizontal distribution and growth of jellyfish, Aurelia aurita
... larvae developed directly from planula larvae (Yasuda 1969). However, most ephyra larvae around the world are reported to appear through the polyp and strobila stages (Kakinuma 1962, 1975, Yasuda 1969, Hernroth and Gröndahl 1983, 1985a, 1985b, Gröndahl 1988, 1989). In Mikawa Bay, no direct developme ...
... larvae developed directly from planula larvae (Yasuda 1969). However, most ephyra larvae around the world are reported to appear through the polyp and strobila stages (Kakinuma 1962, 1975, Yasuda 1969, Hernroth and Gröndahl 1983, 1985a, 1985b, Gröndahl 1988, 1989). In Mikawa Bay, no direct developme ...
WOR 1 - World Ocean Review
... The scientists in the Cluster of Excellence “The Future Ocean” undertake research in a range of disciplines, evaluating the complex interactions between the oceans and global change and assessing opportunities and risks. But how much do we really know about the state of the oceans today? What do we ...
... The scientists in the Cluster of Excellence “The Future Ocean” undertake research in a range of disciplines, evaluating the complex interactions between the oceans and global change and assessing opportunities and risks. But how much do we really know about the state of the oceans today? What do we ...
Conservation on the High Seas – drift algae habitat as an open
... have originated from the south-eastern United States, since, although encountered within national jurisdiction in many regions of the world, it seldom reaches the great biomass encountered here. The National Coalition for Marine Conservation (NCMC 2005), a US-based advocacy group, claims that many i ...
... have originated from the south-eastern United States, since, although encountered within national jurisdiction in many regions of the world, it seldom reaches the great biomass encountered here. The National Coalition for Marine Conservation (NCMC 2005), a US-based advocacy group, claims that many i ...
Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS): Years 16-20
... acidification in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Marine Chemistry (in review) *CASEY, J.R., M.W. LOMAS, J. MANDECKI, and D.E. WALKER. 2007. Prochlorococcus Contributes to New Production in the Sargasso Sea Deep Chlorophyll Maximum. Geophysical Research Letters, VOL. 34, L10604, doi:10.1029/200 ...
... acidification in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Marine Chemistry (in review) *CASEY, J.R., M.W. LOMAS, J. MANDECKI, and D.E. WALKER. 2007. Prochlorococcus Contributes to New Production in the Sargasso Sea Deep Chlorophyll Maximum. Geophysical Research Letters, VOL. 34, L10604, doi:10.1029/200 ...
New fish records and records of rare southern species in Icelandic
... suspicious “plaice/dab” had been caught by farmers in the vicinity but these were not brought to the Marine Research Institute for inspection (Jonsson et al., 2001). Since then the flounder has been recorded almost annually and from many different locations all around the country except for the nort ...
... suspicious “plaice/dab” had been caught by farmers in the vicinity but these were not brought to the Marine Research Institute for inspection (Jonsson et al., 2001). Since then the flounder has been recorded almost annually and from many different locations all around the country except for the nort ...
Chapter 9 - Oceans @ Duke
... ecosystems: where energy from the deep seabed is the source of life Until the discovery of hydrothermal vents, benthic deep-sea ecosystems were assumed to be entirely heterotrophic, completely dependent on the input of sedimented organic matter produced in the euphotic surface layers from photosynth ...
... ecosystems: where energy from the deep seabed is the source of life Until the discovery of hydrothermal vents, benthic deep-sea ecosystems were assumed to be entirely heterotrophic, completely dependent on the input of sedimented organic matter produced in the euphotic surface layers from photosynth ...
Comparison of benthic and pelagic suspension feeding in
... that in several shallow coastal habitats, pelagic suspension feeding substantially exceeds benthic suspension feeding. This suggests that pelagic recycling is higher than the amounts of energy redirected from pelagic to benthic food webs by benthic suspension feeders. These results increase our know ...
... that in several shallow coastal habitats, pelagic suspension feeding substantially exceeds benthic suspension feeding. This suggests that pelagic recycling is higher than the amounts of energy redirected from pelagic to benthic food webs by benthic suspension feeders. These results increase our know ...
MTS Journal Part 2 - Ocean Innovations
... there is life even in the very deepest parts of the ocean. What started as a simple search for life has become over the years a search for answers to basic questions such as the number of species, their distribution ranges, and the composition of the fauna. The discovery of swarming snailfish at 7,70 ...
... there is life even in the very deepest parts of the ocean. What started as a simple search for life has become over the years a search for answers to basic questions such as the number of species, their distribution ranges, and the composition of the fauna. The discovery of swarming snailfish at 7,70 ...
Newfoundland and Labrador Shelf
... The abiotic characteristics of the Newfoundland and Labrador Shelf Ecozone (NLSE) have changed notably over the past several decades. Since the above average water temperatures of the 1950s and 1960s, and the below average water temperatures of the mid-1980s to mid1990s, the ocean continues to exper ...
... The abiotic characteristics of the Newfoundland and Labrador Shelf Ecozone (NLSE) have changed notably over the past several decades. Since the above average water temperatures of the 1950s and 1960s, and the below average water temperatures of the mid-1980s to mid1990s, the ocean continues to exper ...
Enrichment of silicate and CO2 and circulation of the bottom water in
... In the west the gyre is bounded by the Antarctic Peninsula and in the east it extends to about 30°E (Orsi et al., 1993). In the latter region the gyre is supplied with Circumpolar Deep Water of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which circulates within the gyre in a depth range of about 150 m to 100 ...
... In the west the gyre is bounded by the Antarctic Peninsula and in the east it extends to about 30°E (Orsi et al., 1993). In the latter region the gyre is supplied with Circumpolar Deep Water of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which circulates within the gyre in a depth range of about 150 m to 100 ...
The Gulf of St. Lawrence: A Unique Ecosystem
... middle of the 19th century, and the result has been higher air temperatures and higher sea levels. The ocean carbon cycle – which refers to how organic carbon is produced and transported between water levels throughout the Gulf – is believed to play a key role in controlling atmospheric carbon dioxi ...
... middle of the 19th century, and the result has been higher air temperatures and higher sea levels. The ocean carbon cycle – which refers to how organic carbon is produced and transported between water levels throughout the Gulf – is believed to play a key role in controlling atmospheric carbon dioxi ...
Deep sea fish
Deep-sea fish are fish that live in the darkness below the sunlit surface waters, that is below the epipelagic or photic zone of the sea. The lanternfish is, by far, the most common deep-sea fish. Other deep sea fish include the flashlight fish, cookiecutter shark, bristlemouths, anglerfish, and viperfish.Only about 2% of known marine species inhabit the pelagic environment. This means that they live in the water column as opposed to the benthic organisms that live in or on the sea floor. Deep-sea organisms generally inhabit bathypelagic (1000m-4000m deep) and abyssopelagic (4000m-6000m deep) zones. However, characteristics of deep-sea organisms, such as bioluminescence can be seen in the mesopelagic (200m-1000m deep) zone as well. The mesopelagic zone is the disphotic zone, meaning light there is minimal but still measurable. The oxygen minimum layer exists somewhere between a depth of 700m and 1000m deep depending on the place in the ocean. This area is also where nutrients are most abundant. The bathypelagic and abyssopelagic zones are aphotic, meaning that no light penetrates this area of the ocean. These zones make up about 75% of the inhabitable ocean space.The epipelagic zone (0m-200m) is the area where light penetrates the water and photosynthesis occurs. This is also known as the photic zone. Because this typically extends only a few hundred meters below the water, the deep sea, about 90% of the ocean volume, is in darkness. The deep sea is also an extremely hostile environment, with temperatures that rarely exceed 3 °C and fall as low as -1.8 °C (with the exception of hydrothermal vent ecosystems that can exceed 350 °C), low oxygen levels, and pressures between 20 and 1,000 atmospheres (between 2 and 100 megapascals).