Study Outline
... 22. The final electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration include NO3−, SO42−, and CO32−. 23. The total ATP yield is less than in aerobic respiration because only part of the Krebs cycle operates under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation (pp. 130–133) 24. Fermentation releases energy from sugars or ot ...
... 22. The final electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration include NO3−, SO42−, and CO32−. 23. The total ATP yield is less than in aerobic respiration because only part of the Krebs cycle operates under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation (pp. 130–133) 24. Fermentation releases energy from sugars or ot ...
8.2 HL Respiration pPractice Questions
... o The remaining two-carbon molecule (acetyl group) reacts with reduced coenzyme A, and, at the same time, one NADH + H+ is formed. o This is known as the link reaction. o In the Krebs cycle, each acetyl group (CH3CO) formed in the link reaction yields two CO2. o The names of the intermediate compoun ...
... o The remaining two-carbon molecule (acetyl group) reacts with reduced coenzyme A, and, at the same time, one NADH + H+ is formed. o This is known as the link reaction. o In the Krebs cycle, each acetyl group (CH3CO) formed in the link reaction yields two CO2. o The names of the intermediate compoun ...
Biology 1408 - Lone Star College
... all are made up of the same basic components. You explain that organic molecules: A) vary because they possess different functional groups. B) vary because they possess different isotopes of carbon. C) are different because of the different types of hydrogen bonds that form. D) actually all have the ...
... all are made up of the same basic components. You explain that organic molecules: A) vary because they possess different functional groups. B) vary because they possess different isotopes of carbon. C) are different because of the different types of hydrogen bonds that form. D) actually all have the ...
Living Environment Regents Review
... All animal life on Earth (including humans) depends on the oxygen produced by photosynthesis! ...
... All animal life on Earth (including humans) depends on the oxygen produced by photosynthesis! ...
i. introduction to metabolism and catabolism
... b) The electron transport chain is located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria 2. The electrons then are transferred through a series of electron transport proteins, each having a higher redox potential then the last a) At the end of the electron transport chain, the electrons are given to a t ...
... b) The electron transport chain is located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria 2. The electrons then are transferred through a series of electron transport proteins, each having a higher redox potential then the last a) At the end of the electron transport chain, the electrons are given to a t ...
Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration Test Review
... 14. What is the purpose of NADH and FADH2? carry electrons to oxidative phosphorylation stage 15. Which stage finishes breaking down sugar all the way to CO2? Kreb’s (we have taken all of the hydrogens off of glucose to make NADH and FADH2) 16. Which process occurs in ALL organisms (prokaryotic/euka ...
... 14. What is the purpose of NADH and FADH2? carry electrons to oxidative phosphorylation stage 15. Which stage finishes breaking down sugar all the way to CO2? Kreb’s (we have taken all of the hydrogens off of glucose to make NADH and FADH2) 16. Which process occurs in ALL organisms (prokaryotic/euka ...
Glycolysis - Centre College
... Why is ATP "high energy"? • Charge repulsion of phosphates • Increase in entropy (number of ...
... Why is ATP "high energy"? • Charge repulsion of phosphates • Increase in entropy (number of ...
File - Ms. Daley Science
... for some tests. There they discover his mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more lactic acid than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition? (a)) His mitochondria lack the transport protein that moves pyruvate ac ...
... for some tests. There they discover his mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more lactic acid than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition? (a)) His mitochondria lack the transport protein that moves pyruvate ac ...
Ecology Interdependence in the Water
... Interdependence in the water In the aquatic world, there are many relationships among organisms. A relationship in which organisms interact in a mutually dependent way is called interdependence. ...
... Interdependence in the water In the aquatic world, there are many relationships among organisms. A relationship in which organisms interact in a mutually dependent way is called interdependence. ...
1) the study of how organisms interact with their environment. It
... 1)_____________________is the study of how organisms interact with their environment. It begins with a group of organisms of the same 2)_______________ which are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. When the living populations of organisms interact with their nonliving or physic ...
... 1)_____________________is the study of how organisms interact with their environment. It begins with a group of organisms of the same 2)_______________ which are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. When the living populations of organisms interact with their nonliving or physic ...
Aerobic Respiration
... • The electron is transferred to the first electron carrier, whilst H+ remains in solution. • As the electron is transferred to oxygen, H+ is drawn from solution to reduce oxygen to water. ...
... • The electron is transferred to the first electron carrier, whilst H+ remains in solution. • As the electron is transferred to oxygen, H+ is drawn from solution to reduce oxygen to water. ...
Intro to Biochemistry Pratt & Cornely Chapter 1
... touch. What conclusions can you draw about the sign of the enthalpy change and the entropy change for this process? ...
... touch. What conclusions can you draw about the sign of the enthalpy change and the entropy change for this process? ...
Biodiversity
... Kingdom Monera was established as the only kindgom of prokaryotic organisms (all other kingdoms contain eukaryotes) In the 1970’s work by Carl Woesz on the RNA of bacteria led to a general agreement that the Monerans be divided into two separate kingdoms, the Bacteria and Archaea The scientific comm ...
... Kingdom Monera was established as the only kindgom of prokaryotic organisms (all other kingdoms contain eukaryotes) In the 1970’s work by Carl Woesz on the RNA of bacteria led to a general agreement that the Monerans be divided into two separate kingdoms, the Bacteria and Archaea The scientific comm ...
Lecture #10 – 9/26 – Dr. Hirsh
... Form ATP by “burning” NADH through respiration (oxidative phosphorylation) This is a redox reaction with NADH as an intermediate; reduced A (AH2) has a higher energy level than reduced B (BH2) – therefore we have a source of energy for proton pumping. We need to get energy out of he process in small ...
... Form ATP by “burning” NADH through respiration (oxidative phosphorylation) This is a redox reaction with NADH as an intermediate; reduced A (AH2) has a higher energy level than reduced B (BH2) – therefore we have a source of energy for proton pumping. We need to get energy out of he process in small ...
4 Krebs ETC
... • Lactic acid production in animal muscle occurs during oxygen debt • Lactic acid needs to be produced so that NAD+ can be regenerated to keep glycolysis going Net ATP produced = 2 ATP ...
... • Lactic acid production in animal muscle occurs during oxygen debt • Lactic acid needs to be produced so that NAD+ can be regenerated to keep glycolysis going Net ATP produced = 2 ATP ...
Section 7-1
... 1. Aerobic respiration is the set of pathways in cellular respiration that require oxygen to break down pyruvic acid. 2. The mitochondrial matrix is the space inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. 3. The Krebs cycle is a biochemical pathway that breaks down acetyl coenzyme A, producing CO2, ...
... 1. Aerobic respiration is the set of pathways in cellular respiration that require oxygen to break down pyruvic acid. 2. The mitochondrial matrix is the space inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. 3. The Krebs cycle is a biochemical pathway that breaks down acetyl coenzyme A, producing CO2, ...
Chapter 9
... BIOL V04 Lecture: Glycolysis, Cellular Respiration & Fermentation (Ch 9) © copyright 2015 Marta D. de Jesus I. In general A. we use food B. but we can’t make food (consumers) C. there are more options D. kinds of reactions occuring in these kinds of processes 1. functional group transfers or release ...
... BIOL V04 Lecture: Glycolysis, Cellular Respiration & Fermentation (Ch 9) © copyright 2015 Marta D. de Jesus I. In general A. we use food B. but we can’t make food (consumers) C. there are more options D. kinds of reactions occuring in these kinds of processes 1. functional group transfers or release ...
Unit 7 Notes 4 Classification and Phylogenetics
... • The study of the evolutionary relationships among organisms –evolutionary classification. • Darwin’s ideas about descent with modification have rise to this study. • Several types of data are used to examine these relationships: – Molecular data (DNA, genes) – Anatomy and Physiology – Fossil recor ...
... • The study of the evolutionary relationships among organisms –evolutionary classification. • Darwin’s ideas about descent with modification have rise to this study. • Several types of data are used to examine these relationships: – Molecular data (DNA, genes) – Anatomy and Physiology – Fossil recor ...
Solution Worksheet Respiration
... Chemical reactions that involve the loss of hydrogen and electrons are called oxidation reactions. Chemical reactions that result in the uptake of hydrogen and electrons are called reduction reactions. In general, the breaking down of larger molecules into smaller molecules are oxidation reactions. ...
... Chemical reactions that involve the loss of hydrogen and electrons are called oxidation reactions. Chemical reactions that result in the uptake of hydrogen and electrons are called reduction reactions. In general, the breaking down of larger molecules into smaller molecules are oxidation reactions. ...
Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy from Food
... If you work even harder and exceed your aerobic capacity, the demand for oxygen in your muscles will outpace your body’s ability to deliver it Metabolism then becomes anaerobic, and your muscle cells switch to an “emergency mode” Break down glucose very inefficiently and produce lactic acid as a by- ...
... If you work even harder and exceed your aerobic capacity, the demand for oxygen in your muscles will outpace your body’s ability to deliver it Metabolism then becomes anaerobic, and your muscle cells switch to an “emergency mode” Break down glucose very inefficiently and produce lactic acid as a by- ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)