Prof. Kamakaka`s Lecture 10 Notes
... Electrons can be transferred from one mol to another directly as an electron (one electron) as hydrogen atoms (one proton + one electron) as hydride ion (:H-) (two electron) (NAD) direct combination with oxygen ...
... Electrons can be transferred from one mol to another directly as an electron (one electron) as hydrogen atoms (one proton + one electron) as hydride ion (:H-) (two electron) (NAD) direct combination with oxygen ...
Life and the Environment
... • The largest number of individuals an environment can support and maintain for a long period of time. ...
... • The largest number of individuals an environment can support and maintain for a long period of time. ...
1 of 3 Biochemistry Final exam Block 3, 2008 Name Answer all of
... In the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway, transketolase and transaldolase are used to transfer carbon chains among the various pathway intermediates. Transketolase uses thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) as its cofactor whereas transaldolase does not require a cofactor. Chemically expla ...
... In the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway, transketolase and transaldolase are used to transfer carbon chains among the various pathway intermediates. Transketolase uses thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) as its cofactor whereas transaldolase does not require a cofactor. Chemically expla ...
Organization of Living Things and Cellular Respiration
... dioxide during fermentation. The bubbles of CO₂ cause the dough to rise and leave small holes in the bread after it is baked. ...
... dioxide during fermentation. The bubbles of CO₂ cause the dough to rise and leave small holes in the bread after it is baked. ...
Option C - IBperiod5
... molecule (acetyl group) reacts with reduced coenzyme A, and, at the same time, one NADH + H+ is formed. Krebs cycle…..in mitochondrial matrix, releases CO2 yields 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 CO2, and 2ATP from substrate level phosphorylation Follow the carbons: C2 + C4= C6 + CO2 = C5 + CO2= C4 Kreb's Cycle… ...
... molecule (acetyl group) reacts with reduced coenzyme A, and, at the same time, one NADH + H+ is formed. Krebs cycle…..in mitochondrial matrix, releases CO2 yields 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 CO2, and 2ATP from substrate level phosphorylation Follow the carbons: C2 + C4= C6 + CO2 = C5 + CO2= C4 Kreb's Cycle… ...
Unit 11: Ecology 1/14 Vocabulary to Define
... Competition can be among the members of the same or different species and usually occurs with organisms that share the same niche (the role of an organism in its environment - type of food it eats, how it obtains its food and how it interacts with other organisms) Symbiotic relationship exists betwe ...
... Competition can be among the members of the same or different species and usually occurs with organisms that share the same niche (the role of an organism in its environment - type of food it eats, how it obtains its food and how it interacts with other organisms) Symbiotic relationship exists betwe ...
CHAPTER 3 ESSENTIALS OF METABOLISM
... • Cells using anaerobic respiration generate two molecules of ATP from one glucose molecule. • Cell using aerobic respiration generate thirty eight total molecules of ATP from one glucose molecule. Aerobic respiration: 38 ATP / glucose molecule Anaerobic respiration: 2 ATP / glucose molecule ...
... • Cells using anaerobic respiration generate two molecules of ATP from one glucose molecule. • Cell using aerobic respiration generate thirty eight total molecules of ATP from one glucose molecule. Aerobic respiration: 38 ATP / glucose molecule Anaerobic respiration: 2 ATP / glucose molecule ...
Ecology
... ◦ Shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another ◦ Each level of nourishment in a food chain is called a trophic level ...
... ◦ Shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another ◦ Each level of nourishment in a food chain is called a trophic level ...
Chapter 7
... through electron carriers to a final electron acceptor. aerobic respiration: final electron receptor is oxygen (O2) anaerobic respiration: final electron acceptor is an inorganic molecule (not O2) fermentation: final electron acceptor is an organic molecule ...
... through electron carriers to a final electron acceptor. aerobic respiration: final electron receptor is oxygen (O2) anaerobic respiration: final electron acceptor is an inorganic molecule (not O2) fermentation: final electron acceptor is an organic molecule ...
Chapter 7
... used up. If cells are short on oxygen, and thus cannot go through the electron transport chain, they will speed up glycolysis in order to utilize the ATP it can produce. However, this is not very efficient because most of the energy in the glucose molecule is not harvested. Glycolysis occurs in the ...
... used up. If cells are short on oxygen, and thus cannot go through the electron transport chain, they will speed up glycolysis in order to utilize the ATP it can produce. However, this is not very efficient because most of the energy in the glucose molecule is not harvested. Glycolysis occurs in the ...
Biology Warm-Up Jan
... 5. What are three ways viruses reproduce? 6. What happens in the end of each way? 7. How are bacteria helpful? 8. What are the three shapes of bacteria? ...
... 5. What are three ways viruses reproduce? 6. What happens in the end of each way? 7. How are bacteria helpful? 8. What are the three shapes of bacteria? ...
Biology Name_____________________________________
... d. An ATP is used to provide energy. e. NAD+ is transformed into NADH 9. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? What processes are involved in each type of respiration? ...
... d. An ATP is used to provide energy. e. NAD+ is transformed into NADH 9. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? What processes are involved in each type of respiration? ...
Learning Guide: Origins of Life
... Citric acid cycle Oxidative phosphorylation Electron transport chain ...
... Citric acid cycle Oxidative phosphorylation Electron transport chain ...
Classification
... These are unicellular prokaryotes with distinctive cell membrane and other biochemical properties different from all other forms of life. Some are autotrophic. These bacteria live in extreme environments such as hot springs and salt lakes. They may produce high levels of methane and live in anaerobi ...
... These are unicellular prokaryotes with distinctive cell membrane and other biochemical properties different from all other forms of life. Some are autotrophic. These bacteria live in extreme environments such as hot springs and salt lakes. They may produce high levels of methane and live in anaerobi ...
Practice Test - IHS AP Biology
... B) It must use a molecule other than oxygen to accept electrons from the electron transport chain. C) It is a facultative anaerobe. D) It is a normal eukaryotic organism. E) The organism obviously lacks the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain. ...
... B) It must use a molecule other than oxygen to accept electrons from the electron transport chain. C) It is a facultative anaerobe. D) It is a normal eukaryotic organism. E) The organism obviously lacks the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain. ...
REVIEW SHEET FOR ECOLOGY
... Nitrogen Cycle and processes- the pathway by which nitrogen moves through the environment (includes nitrogen fixation, denitrifying, amnonification)-Nitrogen Fixation changes nitrogen into amnonia (asobactor and lasogna are bacteria that help this change)- nitrification changes the amnonia into nitr ...
... Nitrogen Cycle and processes- the pathway by which nitrogen moves through the environment (includes nitrogen fixation, denitrifying, amnonification)-Nitrogen Fixation changes nitrogen into amnonia (asobactor and lasogna are bacteria that help this change)- nitrification changes the amnonia into nitr ...
Alcoholic fermentation
... 9) Create a chart in which you compare the processes of: alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Summarize the inputs and outputs of each, and examples of organisms that perform each process. Inputs Outputs Ex: Alcoholic fermentation 2 pyruvate 2 CO2, NAD+, ethanol Yeast; some bacteria La ...
... 9) Create a chart in which you compare the processes of: alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Summarize the inputs and outputs of each, and examples of organisms that perform each process. Inputs Outputs Ex: Alcoholic fermentation 2 pyruvate 2 CO2, NAD+, ethanol Yeast; some bacteria La ...
ecology - MrsStowSupport
... Deciduous – forest with leafy trees Coniferous – forest with needle type trees ( Pine Trees) ...
... Deciduous – forest with leafy trees Coniferous – forest with needle type trees ( Pine Trees) ...
Document
... 3. Write the overall general equation for cellular respiration. 4. Describe the role of dehydrogenases and coenzymes NAD and FAD in cellular respiration. 5. Distinguish between anaerobic (lactic acid fermentation) and aerobic respiration in terms of when they occur and the total number of ATP produc ...
... 3. Write the overall general equation for cellular respiration. 4. Describe the role of dehydrogenases and coenzymes NAD and FAD in cellular respiration. 5. Distinguish between anaerobic (lactic acid fermentation) and aerobic respiration in terms of when they occur and the total number of ATP produc ...
Cell Metabolism
... 3. Write the overall general equation for cellular respiration. 4. Describe the role of dehydrogenases and coenzymes NAD and FAD in cellular respiration. 5. Distinguish between anaerobic (lactic acid fermentation) and aerobic respiration in terms of when they occur and the total number of ATP produc ...
... 3. Write the overall general equation for cellular respiration. 4. Describe the role of dehydrogenases and coenzymes NAD and FAD in cellular respiration. 5. Distinguish between anaerobic (lactic acid fermentation) and aerobic respiration in terms of when they occur and the total number of ATP produc ...
Chapter 1
... area than in colder areas. • SPECIES can be defined as a group of living things that are genetically similar enough to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. • There are about 2 million different species identified thus far on Earth. ...
... area than in colder areas. • SPECIES can be defined as a group of living things that are genetically similar enough to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. • There are about 2 million different species identified thus far on Earth. ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)