Slides - Indico
... Special magnets that do this are called wavelength shifters An alternative is to replace individual bending magnets with higher strength ones (superbends) – this is not so popular but it has ...
... Special magnets that do this are called wavelength shifters An alternative is to replace individual bending magnets with higher strength ones (superbends) – this is not so popular but it has ...
Monday, February 8, 2010
... • Must conclude that E is the probability of finding a photon at a certain place and time—each photon has a wave associated with it; the intensity of wave a given place on the screen determines the likelihood that a photon will arrive there • Light travels as a wave, but deposits and absorbs energy ...
... • Must conclude that E is the probability of finding a photon at a certain place and time—each photon has a wave associated with it; the intensity of wave a given place on the screen determines the likelihood that a photon will arrive there • Light travels as a wave, but deposits and absorbs energy ...
Review
... ! Let’s assume that an electromagnetic wave is incident on an object and that this object totally absorbs the wave over some time interval #t ...
... ! Let’s assume that an electromagnetic wave is incident on an object and that this object totally absorbs the wave over some time interval #t ...
ExamView - exam review.tst
... a. a different isotope of the same element. b. an entirely different element. c. both a and b d. neither a nor b ...
... a. a different isotope of the same element. b. an entirely different element. c. both a and b d. neither a nor b ...
CHAPTER 4: ABUNDANCE AND RADIOACTIVITY OF UNSTABLE
... 1) from cosmic radiation, an avalanche of fragments of atmospheric nuclei, a wide range of particles from photons and electrons to neutrons and mesons. These are primarily produced as secondary and tertiary particles in the upper atmosphere in a process called ...
... 1) from cosmic radiation, an avalanche of fragments of atmospheric nuclei, a wide range of particles from photons and electrons to neutrons and mesons. These are primarily produced as secondary and tertiary particles in the upper atmosphere in a process called ...
THE NATURE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
... The span of frequencies and wavelengths covered by electromagnetic radiation is indicated by portion A of Figure 4. Devices that produce or detect electromagnetic waves must be designed to operate at the frequency of the waves they emit or receive. Radio transmitters and receivers operate at frequen ...
... The span of frequencies and wavelengths covered by electromagnetic radiation is indicated by portion A of Figure 4. Devices that produce or detect electromagnetic waves must be designed to operate at the frequency of the waves they emit or receive. Radio transmitters and receivers operate at frequen ...
Free Electron Lasers Introduction Undulator Radiation Low
... Figure 3.7.5.: Coulomb explosion of a T4 lysozyme molecule (H: white; C: grey; N: blue; O: red; S: yellow) induced by the radiation damage caused by a 3 × 10 12 photon per (0.1 µm) 2 pulse of 12.4 keV energy. The FWHM of the pulse was 50 fs. The molecule is shown at the beginning, in the middle and ...
... Figure 3.7.5.: Coulomb explosion of a T4 lysozyme molecule (H: white; C: grey; N: blue; O: red; S: yellow) induced by the radiation damage caused by a 3 × 10 12 photon per (0.1 µm) 2 pulse of 12.4 keV energy. The FWHM of the pulse was 50 fs. The molecule is shown at the beginning, in the middle and ...
PHYS P2 - free kcse past papers
... iii)Explain the observation made on the spot when the connection to the high voltage supply are interchanged so that the anode is made negative. (2mks) ...
... iii)Explain the observation made on the spot when the connection to the high voltage supply are interchanged so that the anode is made negative. (2mks) ...
Slide 1
... • Well, even if this condition is not satisfied, it is always possible (in principle) to subdivide the charge region into smaller volumes where the condition is satisfied. • A very common application of this treatment is in the field of antennas, especially of medium and long waves. •A natural appli ...
... • Well, even if this condition is not satisfied, it is always possible (in principle) to subdivide the charge region into smaller volumes where the condition is satisfied. • A very common application of this treatment is in the field of antennas, especially of medium and long waves. •A natural appli ...
Geometric effects on blackbody radiation
... field is the topic of discussion in the third category of research. It was first raised in the framework of separate experiments on metallic photonic crystals [46–48]. However, it was ruled out as violating the second law of thermodynamics [49]. As a consequence the authors of the first study acknow ...
... field is the topic of discussion in the third category of research. It was first raised in the framework of separate experiments on metallic photonic crystals [46–48]. However, it was ruled out as violating the second law of thermodynamics [49]. As a consequence the authors of the first study acknow ...
Electromagnetic Radiation Principles and Radiometric
... Blackbody radiation curves for several objects including the Sun and the Earth which approximate 6,000 K and 300 K blackbodies, respectively. ...
... Blackbody radiation curves for several objects including the Sun and the Earth which approximate 6,000 K and 300 K blackbodies, respectively. ...
Test 8 Review
... Visible light consists of electromagnetic waves with wavelengths between 0.7 µm and 0.4 µm. Different colors have different wavelengths. Red light has the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency. Blue light has the shortest wavelength and the highest frequency. Most objects that you see do not g ...
... Visible light consists of electromagnetic waves with wavelengths between 0.7 µm and 0.4 µm. Different colors have different wavelengths. Red light has the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency. Blue light has the shortest wavelength and the highest frequency. Most objects that you see do not g ...
The Physics of Particle Detectors
... The Bethe-Bloch equation describes the mean energy loss When a charged particle passes the layer of material with thickness x , the energy distribution of the δ-electrons and the fluctuations of their number (nδ) cause fluctuations of the energy losses ΔE The energy loss ΔE in a layer of material is ...
... The Bethe-Bloch equation describes the mean energy loss When a charged particle passes the layer of material with thickness x , the energy distribution of the δ-electrons and the fluctuations of their number (nδ) cause fluctuations of the energy losses ΔE The energy loss ΔE in a layer of material is ...
lecture 5
... He believed fluorescent materials would, so he tested some, including uranium salt. This represents steps two and three of the scientific method: generate a hypothesis and test it by experimentation. In February 1896 he wrapped photographic film in black paper and put it in sunlight with a crystal o ...
... He believed fluorescent materials would, so he tested some, including uranium salt. This represents steps two and three of the scientific method: generate a hypothesis and test it by experimentation. In February 1896 he wrapped photographic film in black paper and put it in sunlight with a crystal o ...
Radiation
In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes: electro-magnetic radiation (also known as ""continuum radiation"") γ such as radio waves, visible light, and x-rays particle radiation such as α, β, and neutron radiation (discrete energy per particle) acoustic radiation such as ultrasound, sound, and seismic waves. (dependent on intervening mass for transmission)Radiation is often categorized as either ionizing or non-ionizing depending on the energy of the radiated particles. Ionizing radiation carries more than 10 eV, which is enough to ionize atoms and molecules, and break chemical bonds. This is an important distinction due to the large difference in harmfulness to living organisms. A common source of ionizing radiation is radioactive materials that emit α, β, or γ radiation, consisting of helium nuclei, electrons or positrons, and photons, respectively. Other sources include X-rays from medical radiography examinations and muons, mesons, positrons, neutrons and other particles that constitute the secondary cosmic rays that are produced after primary cosmic rays interact with Earth's atmosphere.Gamma rays, X-rays and the higher energy range of ultraviolet light constitute the ionizing part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The lower-energy, longer-wavelength part of the spectrum including visible light, infrared light, microwaves, and radio waves is non-ionizing; its main effect when interacting with tissue is heating. This type of radiation only damages cells if the intensity is high enough to cause excessive heating. Ultraviolet radiation has some features of both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. While the part of the ultraviolet spectrum that penetrates the Earth's atmosphere is non-ionizing, this radiation does far more damage to many molecules in biological systems than can be accounted for by heating effects, sunburn being a well-known example. These properties derive from ultraviolet's power to alter chemical bonds, even without having quite enough energy to ionize atoms.The word radiation arises from the phenomenon of waves radiating (i.e., traveling outward in all directions) from a source. This aspect leads to a system of measurements and physical units that are applicable to all types of radiation. Because such radiation expands as it passes through space, and as its energy is conserved (in vacuum), the intensity of all types of radiation from a point source follows an inverse-square law in relation to the distance from its source. This law does not apply close to an extended source of radiation or for focused beams.