here - Biology 100
... Please note that any of the sample questions can be converted to essay or calculation-type questions. ...
... Please note that any of the sample questions can be converted to essay or calculation-type questions. ...
Industrial microbiology***Biology Depart****.Fourth stage**..(5)
... Industrial microbiology………Biology Depart………….Fourth stage……..(5) microorganisms used. Glucose, fructose, sugar cane and sugar beet molasses, and starch hydrolysates are some carbon sources used in production of Lglutamic acid. Penicillin or fatty acid derivatives (e.g. Tween 60) are added in the su ...
... Industrial microbiology………Biology Depart………….Fourth stage……..(5) microorganisms used. Glucose, fructose, sugar cane and sugar beet molasses, and starch hydrolysates are some carbon sources used in production of Lglutamic acid. Penicillin or fatty acid derivatives (e.g. Tween 60) are added in the su ...
Title - Iowa State University
... a. A regulatory molecule binds at a location other than the active site and changes the shape of the enzyme in a way that makes the active site available to the enzyme’s natural substrates. b. Regulatory molecules that are similar in size and shape to the enzyme’s natural substrate inhibits catalysi ...
... a. A regulatory molecule binds at a location other than the active site and changes the shape of the enzyme in a way that makes the active site available to the enzyme’s natural substrates. b. Regulatory molecules that are similar in size and shape to the enzyme’s natural substrate inhibits catalysi ...
Chapter 5: Structure and Function of Macromolecules
... Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary information (pp. 80-81, FIGURE 5.28) DNA stores information for the synthesis of specific proteins. RNA (specifically, mRNA) carries this genetic information to the protein-synthesizing machinery. A nucleic acid strand is a polymer of nucleotides (p. 8 ...
... Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary information (pp. 80-81, FIGURE 5.28) DNA stores information for the synthesis of specific proteins. RNA (specifically, mRNA) carries this genetic information to the protein-synthesizing machinery. A nucleic acid strand is a polymer of nucleotides (p. 8 ...
POGIL3TranslKey v3
... 14. What is the sequence of the codon that indicates the end of this protein? 5' UAG 3' (This is called a "stop codon".) 15. Is release factor an enzyme? Yes What is your reasoning for your answer? After release factor binds, the covalent bond between the new protein and the last tRNA is hydrolyzed. ...
... 14. What is the sequence of the codon that indicates the end of this protein? 5' UAG 3' (This is called a "stop codon".) 15. Is release factor an enzyme? Yes What is your reasoning for your answer? After release factor binds, the covalent bond between the new protein and the last tRNA is hydrolyzed. ...
Chapter 27 Protein Metabolism
... Ans: (1) When synthetic polymers of only one nucleotide were used as mRNA in vitro, only one of the 20 amino acids was converted into protein. For example, poly(U) (containing only the codon UUU) directed the synthesis of polyphenylalanine, showing that UUU encodes Phe. (2) Trinucleotides of known s ...
... Ans: (1) When synthetic polymers of only one nucleotide were used as mRNA in vitro, only one of the 20 amino acids was converted into protein. For example, poly(U) (containing only the codon UUU) directed the synthesis of polyphenylalanine, showing that UUU encodes Phe. (2) Trinucleotides of known s ...
Syllabus for GUTS lecture on Amino Acids
... Like Ka, pKa is a constant. Looking at this relationship you can see that when the ratio [A]/[HA] = 1.0, log of 1.0 = 0, and pH = pKa. Thus one way to think of pKa is that the value is equal to the pH at which 50% of an acid or base will be protonated and 50% will not. A pH of approximately 2.2 is ...
... Like Ka, pKa is a constant. Looking at this relationship you can see that when the ratio [A]/[HA] = 1.0, log of 1.0 = 0, and pH = pKa. Thus one way to think of pKa is that the value is equal to the pH at which 50% of an acid or base will be protonated and 50% will not. A pH of approximately 2.2 is ...
replicate, transcribe, translate
... DNA double-helix formed contains half of the DNA strand replicated. Replication as it occurs within cells requires a DNA template, energy provided by nucleoside triphosphate molecules (dNTPs and rNTPs), and multiple different types of enzymes. DNA-dependent DNA-polymerase is the primary enzyme requi ...
... DNA double-helix formed contains half of the DNA strand replicated. Replication as it occurs within cells requires a DNA template, energy provided by nucleoside triphosphate molecules (dNTPs and rNTPs), and multiple different types of enzymes. DNA-dependent DNA-polymerase is the primary enzyme requi ...
Chemical Foundations of Life The origin of life and organic
... Lipids The one property that lipids have in common is that they are all hydrophobic. This group of molecules includes fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids (like cholesterol), and some other related compounds. Fats and oils are made from two kinds of molecules: glycerol and three fatty acids ...
... Lipids The one property that lipids have in common is that they are all hydrophobic. This group of molecules includes fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids (like cholesterol), and some other related compounds. Fats and oils are made from two kinds of molecules: glycerol and three fatty acids ...
Slide 1
... The sequence of nucleotides in nucleic acids codes for the genetic information of proteins. The nucleic acid DNA is the blueprint molecule of all forms of life on planet Earth. 2 types of nucleic acids are known: 1. Dexoyribonucleic acid (DNA - the hereditary molecule coding for the “molecular ...
... The sequence of nucleotides in nucleic acids codes for the genetic information of proteins. The nucleic acid DNA is the blueprint molecule of all forms of life on planet Earth. 2 types of nucleic acids are known: 1. Dexoyribonucleic acid (DNA - the hereditary molecule coding for the “molecular ...
Practice Exam 1
... 6. Fill in the blank. For each, write TWO different answers that fit the description given. (There may be more than 2 answers. Please write only TWO!) a. Catalyst that breaks a bond between an amino acid and a tRNA. ...
... 6. Fill in the blank. For each, write TWO different answers that fit the description given. (There may be more than 2 answers. Please write only TWO!) a. Catalyst that breaks a bond between an amino acid and a tRNA. ...
Titration curve of amino acids
... of glycine with acid and base, glycine has two Ionizable groups: a carboxyl group and an amino group, with pKa values of 2.34 and 9.6 respectively. In water at pH 6, glycine exists as a dipolar ion, or zwitterion, in which the carboxyl group is unprotonated (−COO - ) and the amino group is protonate ...
... of glycine with acid and base, glycine has two Ionizable groups: a carboxyl group and an amino group, with pKa values of 2.34 and 9.6 respectively. In water at pH 6, glycine exists as a dipolar ion, or zwitterion, in which the carboxyl group is unprotonated (−COO - ) and the amino group is protonate ...
Enzyme Notes
... metabolism is the process of breaking down and creating molecules necessary for life ◦ each step in this process is driven by an enzyme which directs the speed of the reaction (enzymes are proteins!) catabolic--breakdown molecules cellular respiration ...
... metabolism is the process of breaking down and creating molecules necessary for life ◦ each step in this process is driven by an enzyme which directs the speed of the reaction (enzymes are proteins!) catabolic--breakdown molecules cellular respiration ...
Protein primary structure: Amino acids
... L-isomer and right-handed D-isomer, see Fig. 5 for the example of alanine isomers). Interestingly, only L-isomers are found in wild-type proteins. ...
... L-isomer and right-handed D-isomer, see Fig. 5 for the example of alanine isomers). Interestingly, only L-isomers are found in wild-type proteins. ...
Organic Chemistry and the Four Classes of Macromolecules PPT
... Function: Storage of amino acids Examples: Casein, the protein of milk, is the major source of amino acids for baby mammals. Plants have storage proteins in their seeds. Ovalbumin is the protein of egg white, used as an amino acid source for the developing embryo. ...
... Function: Storage of amino acids Examples: Casein, the protein of milk, is the major source of amino acids for baby mammals. Plants have storage proteins in their seeds. Ovalbumin is the protein of egg white, used as an amino acid source for the developing embryo. ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.