Chem 33 Lab - Santa Clara University
... c. Closed-toe shoes, ideally with a non-permeable upper component covering the foot. Failure to meet these requirements will result in a student having to leave the laboratory until such time as any deficiencies have been addressed. 4. Use of cell phones, radios, iPods, and the like is not permitted ...
... c. Closed-toe shoes, ideally with a non-permeable upper component covering the foot. Failure to meet these requirements will result in a student having to leave the laboratory until such time as any deficiencies have been addressed. 4. Use of cell phones, radios, iPods, and the like is not permitted ...
Thermal unfolding of proteins at high pH range studied by UV
... The near-UV absorption spectra of NATyrA changes dramatically when the pH is raised from 7.6 to 12.9 (Fig. 1). There is an increase in the molar absorption coefficient in the 250 nm region and in the peak of maximum absorbance which shifts from 275 to 293 nm. These changes result from the ionization ...
... The near-UV absorption spectra of NATyrA changes dramatically when the pH is raised from 7.6 to 12.9 (Fig. 1). There is an increase in the molar absorption coefficient in the 250 nm region and in the peak of maximum absorbance which shifts from 275 to 293 nm. These changes result from the ionization ...
Protonation States and pKa
... Bartik, K. et al. (1994), “ Measurement of the Individual pKa Values of Acidic Residues of Hen And Turkey Lysozymes by Two Dimensional 1H NMR.” Biophysical J., 66, 1180-1184 Anderson, D.E. et al. (1990). “pH induced denaturation of proteins: A single salt bridge contributes 3-5 kCal/mol to the free ...
... Bartik, K. et al. (1994), “ Measurement of the Individual pKa Values of Acidic Residues of Hen And Turkey Lysozymes by Two Dimensional 1H NMR.” Biophysical J., 66, 1180-1184 Anderson, D.E. et al. (1990). “pH induced denaturation of proteins: A single salt bridge contributes 3-5 kCal/mol to the free ...
10.25-11.3.11 Glycolysis
... by equilibrium; the ratio of ATP to ADP+Pi in some cells is as high as 200/1 rather than 1/200,000. •This means that a cell can be far from equilibrium w.r. to this ratio, and now, through metabolism, we are going to make EVEN MORE ATP. •Under these conditions, thermodynamics wants the system instea ...
... by equilibrium; the ratio of ATP to ADP+Pi in some cells is as high as 200/1 rather than 1/200,000. •This means that a cell can be far from equilibrium w.r. to this ratio, and now, through metabolism, we are going to make EVEN MORE ATP. •Under these conditions, thermodynamics wants the system instea ...
Lead (Pb) - American Nutrition Association
... Cd is taken up by the liver and can combine with glutathione and be excreted in the bile. -cadmium binds to metallothionein and is stored. -In the lysosomes of the kidney, cadmium is released. -a sufficient concentration (200ug/g) damages the kidney cell, resulting in: ...
... Cd is taken up by the liver and can combine with glutathione and be excreted in the bile. -cadmium binds to metallothionein and is stored. -In the lysosomes of the kidney, cadmium is released. -a sufficient concentration (200ug/g) damages the kidney cell, resulting in: ...
Codon usage in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis corn
... the terminology of Coates e t al. (1993). Analyses. Codon usage in the Mycobacterium sequences was calculated using the program CODONS (Lloyd & Sharp, 1992). As well as numbers of each codon, relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) values were calculated. The RSCU is the observed frequency of a codon ...
... the terminology of Coates e t al. (1993). Analyses. Codon usage in the Mycobacterium sequences was calculated using the program CODONS (Lloyd & Sharp, 1992). As well as numbers of each codon, relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) values were calculated. The RSCU is the observed frequency of a codon ...
respiration revision quiz
... a. Glycolysis: Glucose (….C) is broken down to produce 2 molecules of Pyruvate (….C). b. The link reaction: Pyruvate is dehydrogenated (………………… is removed) and decarboxylated (…………………. is removed) and converted ...
... a. Glycolysis: Glucose (….C) is broken down to produce 2 molecules of Pyruvate (….C). b. The link reaction: Pyruvate is dehydrogenated (………………… is removed) and decarboxylated (…………………. is removed) and converted ...
Statistical potential-based amino acid similarity
... experimentally determined sequences and structures of proteins, applying the knowledge that homologous proteins have a similar fold.4,5 This evolutionary principle is extended to state that protein local fragments of a similar sequence, which do not necessarily have an evolutionary relationship, hav ...
... experimentally determined sequences and structures of proteins, applying the knowledge that homologous proteins have a similar fold.4,5 This evolutionary principle is extended to state that protein local fragments of a similar sequence, which do not necessarily have an evolutionary relationship, hav ...
Insights into antibody catalysis: Structure of an oxygenation
... This reaction was initially examined to extend antibody catalysis to this important class of redox reactions and (ii) to expand the range of "cofactors" used in biological catalysis. The combination of highly abundant and versatile chemical reagents such as metal hydrides and Lewis acids together wi ...
... This reaction was initially examined to extend antibody catalysis to this important class of redox reactions and (ii) to expand the range of "cofactors" used in biological catalysis. The combination of highly abundant and versatile chemical reagents such as metal hydrides and Lewis acids together wi ...
refresher corner - Heart and Metabolism
... disturbances in ionic homeostasis. As glycolysis only provides a small fraction of ATP compared with that provided by the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids, its ability to maintain ionic homeostasis during ischemia is finite. Mitochondrial ATP production during ischemia decreases in propo ...
... disturbances in ionic homeostasis. As glycolysis only provides a small fraction of ATP compared with that provided by the oxidation of carbohydrates and fatty acids, its ability to maintain ionic homeostasis during ischemia is finite. Mitochondrial ATP production during ischemia decreases in propo ...
sensitivity of tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine
... the PEA-resistant strain XP300-26C two classes of mutant strains. First, since tryptophan biosynthesis shares several common steps with phenylalanine and tyrosine biosynthesis, we wanted to determine whether only those steps necessary for the production of tryptophan were essential for resistance to ...
... the PEA-resistant strain XP300-26C two classes of mutant strains. First, since tryptophan biosynthesis shares several common steps with phenylalanine and tyrosine biosynthesis, we wanted to determine whether only those steps necessary for the production of tryptophan were essential for resistance to ...
Molecular basis for the evolution of xylem lignification
... and the utilization of plant materials. The adaptive significance of the lignification of xylem cells during the evolution of land plants [4] is evidenced by the proliferation of land plants, such that the mass of lignin in the biosphere is second only to the mass of cellulose. The synthesis of lign ...
... and the utilization of plant materials. The adaptive significance of the lignification of xylem cells during the evolution of land plants [4] is evidenced by the proliferation of land plants, such that the mass of lignin in the biosphere is second only to the mass of cellulose. The synthesis of lign ...
Inhibition of the Particle-associated RNA
... various compounds were tested in parallel in the same experiment using a single virus preparation. Unless otherwise stated, inhibitory compounds at a range of different concentrations from o-I to o.ooi mM were added last to the RNA polymerase reaction mixture at 4 °C, immediately before warming to 3 ...
... various compounds were tested in parallel in the same experiment using a single virus preparation. Unless otherwise stated, inhibitory compounds at a range of different concentrations from o-I to o.ooi mM were added last to the RNA polymerase reaction mixture at 4 °C, immediately before warming to 3 ...
World of Dairy Cattle Nutrition
... Protein is found in the highest concentration of any nutrient, except water, in all animals and most living things. Thousands of different proteins have many different functions in a cow’s body. Proteins provide structural components of things like muscle, hooves, bone and blood. Several hormones ar ...
... Protein is found in the highest concentration of any nutrient, except water, in all animals and most living things. Thousands of different proteins have many different functions in a cow’s body. Proteins provide structural components of things like muscle, hooves, bone and blood. Several hormones ar ...
Advances in Environmental Biology
... Arsenic is an element found in soil, water, air and also a potential human carsinogen [21]. Toxic effects of arsenic attributed to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, this results the alteration of the antioxidant defense system, increased oxidative stress and cell deat ...
... Arsenic is an element found in soil, water, air and also a potential human carsinogen [21]. Toxic effects of arsenic attributed to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, this results the alteration of the antioxidant defense system, increased oxidative stress and cell deat ...
Archive Microbiology
... purchased from Merck, grown aerobically). The axenic cultures were harvested in the late logarithmic phase and stored at --20 ~C. Growth of the Lipoic Acid Deficient Strain of Streptococcus faeealis The strain Streptococcus faecalis 10 CI, either kindly supplied by the Czechoslovak Collection of Mic ...
... purchased from Merck, grown aerobically). The axenic cultures were harvested in the late logarithmic phase and stored at --20 ~C. Growth of the Lipoic Acid Deficient Strain of Streptococcus faeealis The strain Streptococcus faecalis 10 CI, either kindly supplied by the Czechoslovak Collection of Mic ...
Glycolysis
... 2- Provide intermediates for other metabolic pathways. It occurs in cytosols of all tissues All sugars can be converted to glucose & thus can be metabolized by glycolysis. ...
... 2- Provide intermediates for other metabolic pathways. It occurs in cytosols of all tissues All sugars can be converted to glucose & thus can be metabolized by glycolysis. ...
Glutamine and cancer: cell biology, physiology
... This requirement for glutamine is particularly true in cancer cells, many of which display oncogene-dependent addictions to glutamine in culture (8). Glutamine catabolism begins with its conversion to glutamate in reactions that either donate the amide nitrogen to biosynthetic pathways or release it ...
... This requirement for glutamine is particularly true in cancer cells, many of which display oncogene-dependent addictions to glutamine in culture (8). Glutamine catabolism begins with its conversion to glutamate in reactions that either donate the amide nitrogen to biosynthetic pathways or release it ...
Plant and Soil
... In A. amazonense, the in vitro nitrogenase activity of NH4-treated cells was not decreased, and no evidence could be found for a modified Fe protein band on electrophoretic examination. Hartmann et al. (1988) noted further differences among species and strains of the azospirilla. A. brasilense grew ...
... In A. amazonense, the in vitro nitrogenase activity of NH4-treated cells was not decreased, and no evidence could be found for a modified Fe protein band on electrophoretic examination. Hartmann et al. (1988) noted further differences among species and strains of the azospirilla. A. brasilense grew ...
Key enzymes in glycolysis
... 2- Provide intermediates for other metabolic pathways. It occurs in cytosols of all tissues All sugars can be converted to glucose & thus can be metabolized by glycolysis. ...
... 2- Provide intermediates for other metabolic pathways. It occurs in cytosols of all tissues All sugars can be converted to glucose & thus can be metabolized by glycolysis. ...
Discoveries in Plant Biology 1998 Hatch
... of this observation. Oddly, it was not until 1965 that this Hawaiian work was published in a form accessible to the research community (Kortschak et al., 1965). This first detailed report showed kinetics of incorporation of 14cq consistent with malate and aspartate being the first major products of ...
... of this observation. Oddly, it was not until 1965 that this Hawaiian work was published in a form accessible to the research community (Kortschak et al., 1965). This first detailed report showed kinetics of incorporation of 14cq consistent with malate and aspartate being the first major products of ...
HOW CELLS HARVEST ENERGY
... carbs proteins fats Breakdown of these large organic molecules releases ATP which is used for work (primarily to drive endergonic reactions) Energy stored in chemical bonds is potential energy Energy released when those bonds are broken is kinetic energy I. ...
... carbs proteins fats Breakdown of these large organic molecules releases ATP which is used for work (primarily to drive endergonic reactions) Energy stored in chemical bonds is potential energy Energy released when those bonds are broken is kinetic energy I. ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.