Test 2
... lead to the increase in glucose synthesis and excretion by liver. One of these changes involves inhibition of glycolysis and stimulation of gluconeogenesis (i.e. the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose). Describe all the steps and intermediates involved in this stimulation, beginning with t ...
... lead to the increase in glucose synthesis and excretion by liver. One of these changes involves inhibition of glycolysis and stimulation of gluconeogenesis (i.e. the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose). Describe all the steps and intermediates involved in this stimulation, beginning with t ...
DNA and RNA - Mr C Biology
... DNA cannot leave the cell nucleus. RNA is used as a messenger to carry the code to the ribosome in the cytoplasm. The RNA must first copy the code from the DNA. This is called Transcription as the code is transcribed. Once the code is copied the mRNA (messenger RNA) moves out to the cytoplasm and ...
... DNA cannot leave the cell nucleus. RNA is used as a messenger to carry the code to the ribosome in the cytoplasm. The RNA must first copy the code from the DNA. This is called Transcription as the code is transcribed. Once the code is copied the mRNA (messenger RNA) moves out to the cytoplasm and ...
5 Metabolism - bloodhounds Incorporated
... ATPsynthase stored energy is converted into chemical-bond energy • The ATPsynthase transfers KE to the highenergy phosphate bond of ATP • A portion of this energy transfer is released as heat and absorbed into the blood ...
... ATPsynthase stored energy is converted into chemical-bond energy • The ATPsynthase transfers KE to the highenergy phosphate bond of ATP • A portion of this energy transfer is released as heat and absorbed into the blood ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
... • Phospholipids make up all cell membranes. – Polar phosphate “head” – Nonpolar fatty acid “tails” Phospholipid ...
... • Phospholipids make up all cell membranes. – Polar phosphate “head” – Nonpolar fatty acid “tails” Phospholipid ...
Cell Respiration Teacher Notes
... • Energy of activation (Ea) - the energy that must be added to cause molecules to react with one another • Enzyme lowers the amount of energy required for reaction to occur • Enzymes allow reactions to take place at lower temperatures – otherwise, reactions would not be able to occur at normal body ...
... • Energy of activation (Ea) - the energy that must be added to cause molecules to react with one another • Enzyme lowers the amount of energy required for reaction to occur • Enzymes allow reactions to take place at lower temperatures – otherwise, reactions would not be able to occur at normal body ...
Slide 1
... • The sphingolipids (like the phospholipids) composed of a polar head group and two nonpolar tails • core of sphingolipids the long-chain amino alcohol, sphingosine ...
... • The sphingolipids (like the phospholipids) composed of a polar head group and two nonpolar tails • core of sphingolipids the long-chain amino alcohol, sphingosine ...
CHE 4310 Fall 2011
... 3. When glucose labeled with a 14C at C-1 passes through glycolysis, the glyceraldehyde 3phosphate that is produced from it still contains the radioactive carbon atom. Draw the structure of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and circle the atom(s) that would be radioactive. ...
... 3. When glucose labeled with a 14C at C-1 passes through glycolysis, the glyceraldehyde 3phosphate that is produced from it still contains the radioactive carbon atom. Draw the structure of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and circle the atom(s) that would be radioactive. ...
Bio background
... While 25000 genes have been identified in the human genome, relatively few have known functional annotation. Determining the function of the protein can be done in several ways. ...
... While 25000 genes have been identified in the human genome, relatively few have known functional annotation. Determining the function of the protein can be done in several ways. ...
THINK ABOUT IT
... The Molecular Basis of Heredity One of the most interesting discoveries of molecular biology is the nearuniversal nature of the genetic code. Although some organisms show slight variations in the amino acids assigned to particular codons, the code is always read three bases at a time and in the same ...
... The Molecular Basis of Heredity One of the most interesting discoveries of molecular biology is the nearuniversal nature of the genetic code. Although some organisms show slight variations in the amino acids assigned to particular codons, the code is always read three bases at a time and in the same ...
Chapter 2
... Membranes are made of phospholipids Steroids 4 carbon rings with an –OH group attached to one ring Part of membranes ...
... Membranes are made of phospholipids Steroids 4 carbon rings with an –OH group attached to one ring Part of membranes ...
DNA Structure and Sequencing - SP14
... The size of the genome in one of the most well-studied prokaryotes, E.coli, is 4.6 million base pairs (approximately 1.1 mm, if cut and stretched out). So how does this t inside a small bacterial cell? The DNA is twisted by what is known as supercoiling. Supercoiling means that DNA is either under- ...
... The size of the genome in one of the most well-studied prokaryotes, E.coli, is 4.6 million base pairs (approximately 1.1 mm, if cut and stretched out). So how does this t inside a small bacterial cell? The DNA is twisted by what is known as supercoiling. Supercoiling means that DNA is either under- ...
ACID BASE - Union City High School
... ions, thereby increasing the concentration of H+ ions. Because hydrogen atom consists of a proton and an electron, H+ is simply a proton. Thus, acids are often called proton donors. ...
... ions, thereby increasing the concentration of H+ ions. Because hydrogen atom consists of a proton and an electron, H+ is simply a proton. Thus, acids are often called proton donors. ...
Essential amino acid
... Isoleucine, Leucine, and Valine: These hydrophobic amino acids are essential for the production and maintenance of body proteins. Lysine: Deficiency can lead to poor appetite, reduction in body weight, anemia, and a reduced ability to concentrate, as well as pneumonia, kidney disease (nephritis), an ...
... Isoleucine, Leucine, and Valine: These hydrophobic amino acids are essential for the production and maintenance of body proteins. Lysine: Deficiency can lead to poor appetite, reduction in body weight, anemia, and a reduced ability to concentrate, as well as pneumonia, kidney disease (nephritis), an ...
Bacterial enzymes that can deglycate glucose
... fully characterized the enzyme, and reported that it had deglycating activity, resulting in 3-deoxyglucosone formation while regenerating the free lysine residue. Thus the phosphorylating FN3K (fructosamine 3-kinase) enzyme is, in fact, a deglycating enzyme. Interestingly, the K m was found to be mu ...
... fully characterized the enzyme, and reported that it had deglycating activity, resulting in 3-deoxyglucosone formation while regenerating the free lysine residue. Thus the phosphorylating FN3K (fructosamine 3-kinase) enzyme is, in fact, a deglycating enzyme. Interestingly, the K m was found to be mu ...
Midterm_Review
... 5. What is the formal charge of all atoms in ozone, O3? 6. How many resonance forms are there for NO3-? Draw them, with curved arrows showing movement of electrons. ...
... 5. What is the formal charge of all atoms in ozone, O3? 6. How many resonance forms are there for NO3-? Draw them, with curved arrows showing movement of electrons. ...
Module 3 Notes
... The Electron Transport Chain A series of __________________________________ _____________________ pass electrons to ETC o Become _______________ o Return to glycolysis, Krebs cycle Energy released from _____________ used to drive __________________ from inside cell to ____________ cell o Produ ...
... The Electron Transport Chain A series of __________________________________ _____________________ pass electrons to ETC o Become _______________ o Return to glycolysis, Krebs cycle Energy released from _____________ used to drive __________________ from inside cell to ____________ cell o Produ ...
Mutation - Liberty Union High School District
... what kind of beaks will their offspring most likely have? OBSERVATION #7: Many variations are inherited (in other words, offspring tend to resemble their parents). ...
... what kind of beaks will their offspring most likely have? OBSERVATION #7: Many variations are inherited (in other words, offspring tend to resemble their parents). ...
Chapter 6 Nutrition and Metabolism
... Metabolism is the total of all chemical reactions occurring in the cell. A simplified view of cell metabolism depicts how catabolic degradative reactions supply energy needed for cell functions and how anabolic reactions bring about the synthesis of cell components from nutrients. Note that in anab ...
... Metabolism is the total of all chemical reactions occurring in the cell. A simplified view of cell metabolism depicts how catabolic degradative reactions supply energy needed for cell functions and how anabolic reactions bring about the synthesis of cell components from nutrients. Note that in anab ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.