Chapter 3 - Sonoma Valley High School
... • Identify functional groups in biological molecules. • Summarize how large carbon molecules are synthesized and broken down. • Describe how the breaking down of ATP supplies energy to drive chemical reactions. Chapter menu ...
... • Identify functional groups in biological molecules. • Summarize how large carbon molecules are synthesized and broken down. • Describe how the breaking down of ATP supplies energy to drive chemical reactions. Chapter menu ...
Antibacterial action of several tannins against Staphylococcus aureus
... should be investigated further. The presence of a fibrin-rich biofilm is a well-known factor responsible for prolonging S. aureus infections. The biofilm of S. aureus is reinforced with fibrin fibres, making it more resistant to physical effects than are other bacterial biofilms.10 We reported previ ...
... should be investigated further. The presence of a fibrin-rich biofilm is a well-known factor responsible for prolonging S. aureus infections. The biofilm of S. aureus is reinforced with fibrin fibres, making it more resistant to physical effects than are other bacterial biofilms.10 We reported previ ...
Aspects of Reductive Explanation in Biological Science: Intrinsicality
... Structure of Science ([1961]). Schaffner argued that reduction was occurring in biology, especially in the molecularization of genetics ([1969]), but that this philosophical interpretation was not relevant to ongoing research methodology ([1974]). The ensuing discussion about the relationship betwee ...
... Structure of Science ([1961]). Schaffner argued that reduction was occurring in biology, especially in the molecularization of genetics ([1969]), but that this philosophical interpretation was not relevant to ongoing research methodology ([1974]). The ensuing discussion about the relationship betwee ...
allyl cysteine sulphoxide
... callus have been maintained for up to 15 days on a phytogel/MS medium, with and without sulphate, containing a range of potential precursors to the synthesis of Alliin (at different concentrations). This method of substrate feeding will only give a positive result if: the substrate gets into the ...
... callus have been maintained for up to 15 days on a phytogel/MS medium, with and without sulphate, containing a range of potential precursors to the synthesis of Alliin (at different concentrations). This method of substrate feeding will only give a positive result if: the substrate gets into the ...
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and other Energy
... Fats consist of a glycerol backbone with two or three fatty acids connected to it The body absorbs fats and then breaks off the fatty acids from the glycerol Glycerol is converted to glyceraldehyde phosphate, an intermediate of glycolysis The fatty acids are broken down into two-carbon units ...
... Fats consist of a glycerol backbone with two or three fatty acids connected to it The body absorbs fats and then breaks off the fatty acids from the glycerol Glycerol is converted to glyceraldehyde phosphate, an intermediate of glycolysis The fatty acids are broken down into two-carbon units ...
03-1 Metabolism of carbohydrate
... • 带有负电荷的磷酸基团使中间产物具有极性，从而使 这些产物不易透过脂膜而失散。 • 磷酸基团在各反应步骤中，对酶来说，起到信号基团 ...
... • 带有负电荷的磷酸基团使中间产物具有极性，从而使 这些产物不易透过脂膜而失散。 • 磷酸基团在各反应步骤中，对酶来说，起到信号基团 ...
Codon optimization of Col H gene encoding Clostridium
... site obstructs translation initiation. On the other hand, GC-poor mRNAs cannot fold strongly and ...
... site obstructs translation initiation. On the other hand, GC-poor mRNAs cannot fold strongly and ...
Journal of Biological Chemistry
... whereas adenosine does so only partially. The results with adenosine have been somewhat variable, in that sometimes it is found to be completely effective whereas at other times only partially so. This may be due to the very low solubility of adenosine in water. Other derivatives of guanine, for exa ...
... whereas adenosine does so only partially. The results with adenosine have been somewhat variable, in that sometimes it is found to be completely effective whereas at other times only partially so. This may be due to the very low solubility of adenosine in water. Other derivatives of guanine, for exa ...
Perspective: emerging evidence for signaling roles of mitochondrial
... mitochondrial level of citric acid cycle intermediates. Because most citric acid cycle intermediates directly inhibit or activate various enzymes of the cycle (examples are discussed in Ref. 73), the potential for increases in their concentrations means that cycle function would be altered if excess ...
... mitochondrial level of citric acid cycle intermediates. Because most citric acid cycle intermediates directly inhibit or activate various enzymes of the cycle (examples are discussed in Ref. 73), the potential for increases in their concentrations means that cycle function would be altered if excess ...
Glycolysis
... *Values in this table from D. Voet & J. G. Voet (2004) Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, John ...
... *Values in this table from D. Voet & J. G. Voet (2004) Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, John ...
Lipids as Tumoricidal Components of Human
... fatty acid function is associated with numerous medical disorders, including infection, inflammation, atherosclerosis, and cancer (6 –9). To fulfill these diverse functions, fatty acids engage with cell membranes, and specific fatty acids are taken up from the circulation. A variety of membrane inte ...
... fatty acid function is associated with numerous medical disorders, including infection, inflammation, atherosclerosis, and cancer (6 –9). To fulfill these diverse functions, fatty acids engage with cell membranes, and specific fatty acids are taken up from the circulation. A variety of membrane inte ...
Profile TildeCRF: a new tool for protein homology detection
... to their offspring, while maladapted individuals tend to be eliminated [DARWIN, 1859]. Although Darwin already believed in the existence of a unit of inheritance [DARWIN, 1868], Gregory Mendel provided in parallel a logical explanation for the mechanism of heredity after his experiments on pea plant ...
... to their offspring, while maladapted individuals tend to be eliminated [DARWIN, 1859]. Although Darwin already believed in the existence of a unit of inheritance [DARWIN, 1868], Gregory Mendel provided in parallel a logical explanation for the mechanism of heredity after his experiments on pea plant ...
Evolution of Function in Protein Superfamilies, from a Structural
... The recent growth in protein databases has revealed the functional diversity of many protein superfamilies. We have assessed the functional variation of homologous enzyme superfamilies containing two or more enzymes, as de®ned by the CATH protein structure classi®cation, by way of the Enzyme Commiss ...
... The recent growth in protein databases has revealed the functional diversity of many protein superfamilies. We have assessed the functional variation of homologous enzyme superfamilies containing two or more enzymes, as de®ned by the CATH protein structure classi®cation, by way of the Enzyme Commiss ...
The Anaerobic (Class III) Ribonucleotide Reductase from Lactococcus lactis
... mutants in the L. lactis nrdD gene were still able to grow well under standard anaerobic growth conditions and then overproduced the NrdEF proteins (3). There are three classes of ribonucleotide reductases that differ in their protein structure (see recent reviews in Refs. 2 and 5– 8). All operate v ...
... mutants in the L. lactis nrdD gene were still able to grow well under standard anaerobic growth conditions and then overproduced the NrdEF proteins (3). There are three classes of ribonucleotide reductases that differ in their protein structure (see recent reviews in Refs. 2 and 5– 8). All operate v ...
Discovery of Paralogous Nuclear Gene Sequences Coding for the
... within a three-dimensional framework is mainly determined by the structure and mutual interactions of the two largest subunits (Wlassoff, Kimura, and Ishihama 1999). Under the assumption that RPB2 is generally single-copy, it has been suggested that it has great potential for phylogenetic studies (S ...
... within a three-dimensional framework is mainly determined by the structure and mutual interactions of the two largest subunits (Wlassoff, Kimura, and Ishihama 1999). Under the assumption that RPB2 is generally single-copy, it has been suggested that it has great potential for phylogenetic studies (S ...
Adaptation of enzymes to temperature: searching for basic ``strategies``
... levels of biological organization—from behavior to fine-scale molecular structure. Beginning about 50 years ago, physiological studies conducted with whole organisms or isolated tissues, by such pioneers of comparative thermal physiology as V.Ya. Alexandrov, T.H. Bullock, F.E.J. Fry, H. Precht, C.L. ...
... levels of biological organization—from behavior to fine-scale molecular structure. Beginning about 50 years ago, physiological studies conducted with whole organisms or isolated tissues, by such pioneers of comparative thermal physiology as V.Ya. Alexandrov, T.H. Bullock, F.E.J. Fry, H. Precht, C.L. ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.