clinical biochemistry
... takes a different 'route'. The enzyme and substrate form a reaction intermediate. Its formation has lower activation energy than the reaction between reactants without a catalyst. ...
... takes a different 'route'. The enzyme and substrate form a reaction intermediate. Its formation has lower activation energy than the reaction between reactants without a catalyst. ...
heterogeneous chiral catalyst derived from hydrolyzed
... Heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis remains as an exciting research field in chiral catalysis since the heterogeneous catalyst can be separated easily from the reaction mixture compare to conventional homogeneous catalyst. The aim of the research is to develop and investigate a novel heterogeneous as ...
... Heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis remains as an exciting research field in chiral catalysis since the heterogeneous catalyst can be separated easily from the reaction mixture compare to conventional homogeneous catalyst. The aim of the research is to develop and investigate a novel heterogeneous as ...
Identification of four small molecular mass proteins in the silk of
... in hot alkaline water during silk reeling. The structure and expression patterns of major silk genes have also been elucidated in the waxmoth, Galleria mellonella (suprafamily Pyraloidea), a lepidopteran distantly related to B. mori. It was found that the overall silk composition and the silk gene s ...
... in hot alkaline water during silk reeling. The structure and expression patterns of major silk genes have also been elucidated in the waxmoth, Galleria mellonella (suprafamily Pyraloidea), a lepidopteran distantly related to B. mori. It was found that the overall silk composition and the silk gene s ...
detailed lecture outline
... behave as distinct entities. The presence of a cell membrane and active transport at the membrane surface enable cells to maintain internal environments with a composition that differs from their surroundings. Figure 27-2 The principal ions in the ECF are sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate. The ICF ...
... behave as distinct entities. The presence of a cell membrane and active transport at the membrane surface enable cells to maintain internal environments with a composition that differs from their surroundings. Figure 27-2 The principal ions in the ECF are sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate. The ICF ...
A network-based approach to cell metabolism: from structure to flux balances
... specific sequences of chemical reactions in order to optimize processes, thousands of reactions, tightly interconnected through common metabolites, take place simultaneously in cells, forming a network that is precisely controlled by the combined action of enzymes, genes, etc., in order to secure fu ...
... specific sequences of chemical reactions in order to optimize processes, thousands of reactions, tightly interconnected through common metabolites, take place simultaneously in cells, forming a network that is precisely controlled by the combined action of enzymes, genes, etc., in order to secure fu ...
FA + GLYCEROL
... Each time an acetyl group (2 carbons) is cleaved from acyl chain, it produces: o ...
... Each time an acetyl group (2 carbons) is cleaved from acyl chain, it produces: o ...
Alkene epoxidation catalyzed by cytochrome P450 BM-3 139-3 Edgardo T. Farinas,
... P450s are known to epoxidize a broad range of alkenes and arenes, with rates ranging from 1 min21 for microsomal proteins to 3200 min21 for bacterial enzymes.1 Using styrene for comparison, P450cam from Pseudomonas putida is reported to have an initial rate of NADH consumption of 51 min21, with only ...
... P450s are known to epoxidize a broad range of alkenes and arenes, with rates ranging from 1 min21 for microsomal proteins to 3200 min21 for bacterial enzymes.1 Using styrene for comparison, P450cam from Pseudomonas putida is reported to have an initial rate of NADH consumption of 51 min21, with only ...
Production of functional protein hydrolysates from Egyptian
... digestibility The enzyme hydrolysis treatments resulted in a remarkable increase in the protein content (displayed as %, calculated from the amount in g/100 g extracted seed flour), while germination resulted in only a slight increase (Table 2). For both soybean and lupin seed flours it was found th ...
... digestibility The enzyme hydrolysis treatments resulted in a remarkable increase in the protein content (displayed as %, calculated from the amount in g/100 g extracted seed flour), while germination resulted in only a slight increase (Table 2). For both soybean and lupin seed flours it was found th ...
Bio 226: Cell and Molecular Biology
... •GMO plants? • Herbicide resistance • Pathogen/herbivore resistance • Improving nutrition • Making vaccines, other useful biochems •Plant/Algal biofuels? ...
... •GMO plants? • Herbicide resistance • Pathogen/herbivore resistance • Improving nutrition • Making vaccines, other useful biochems •Plant/Algal biofuels? ...
Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
... condiment, a preservative, an antibiotic, and a detergent. Citric acid was discovered by an Islamic alchemist, Jabir Ibn Hayyan (also known as Geber), in the 8th century, and crystalline citric acid was first isolated from lemon juice in 1784 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. Medieval sch ...
... condiment, a preservative, an antibiotic, and a detergent. Citric acid was discovered by an Islamic alchemist, Jabir Ibn Hayyan (also known as Geber), in the 8th century, and crystalline citric acid was first isolated from lemon juice in 1784 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. Medieval sch ...
the molecular mechanism of photosynthetic glyceraldehyde
... Photosynthetic GAPDH subunits (GapA and GapB) give rise in chloroplasts of higher plants to two different isoforms with either A4 or AnBn stochiometry, the latter being more abundant and displaying sophisticated regulatory properties. Photosynthetic GAPDH can use both NADPH and NADH as electron dono ...
... Photosynthetic GAPDH subunits (GapA and GapB) give rise in chloroplasts of higher plants to two different isoforms with either A4 or AnBn stochiometry, the latter being more abundant and displaying sophisticated regulatory properties. Photosynthetic GAPDH can use both NADPH and NADH as electron dono ...
artículo - Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia
... TA new mammalian longevity model based on ß-‐adrenergic receptor signaling interruption at the level of adenylyl cyclase has reported decreased bone and heart aging and increases in mean and ...
... TA new mammalian longevity model based on ß-‐adrenergic receptor signaling interruption at the level of adenylyl cyclase has reported decreased bone and heart aging and increases in mean and ...
Basis of preclinical studies_Biochemistry_Practicals_LI
... 2.1. Smoking, eating and drinking are not permitted on the laboratory. 2.2. Outdoor clothing must be left in a cloakroom. Bags must be placed on side podia provided for the purpose and not allowed to obstruct gangways or bench tops. 2.3. Suitable laboratory coats must be worn in the laboratory and r ...
... 2.1. Smoking, eating and drinking are not permitted on the laboratory. 2.2. Outdoor clothing must be left in a cloakroom. Bags must be placed on side podia provided for the purpose and not allowed to obstruct gangways or bench tops. 2.3. Suitable laboratory coats must be worn in the laboratory and r ...
Proteases of Senescing Oat Leaves
... All protein substrates tested were attacked by both enzymes, though at 6) at 0 C, and either used directly or concentrated by ultrafiltration strkingly different rates. Characterization of the digestion products, with in an Amicon cell equipped with a PM-10 membrane. As shown denatured hemogiobin as ...
... All protein substrates tested were attacked by both enzymes, though at 6) at 0 C, and either used directly or concentrated by ultrafiltration strkingly different rates. Characterization of the digestion products, with in an Amicon cell equipped with a PM-10 membrane. As shown denatured hemogiobin as ...
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1768:
... unsaturation index of the fatty acyl chains was noticed: from 0.36 ± 0.01 at pH = 7.0 to 0.56 ± 0.01 at pH = 6.0 (p < 0.005) for 18C, from 0.34 ± 0.01 to 0.48 ± 0.04 (p < 0.05) for 6A and from 0.42 ± 0.01 to 0.54 ± 0.02 (p < 0.05) for D39 (Table 2). On the other hand, in the spxB-mutant, where the r ...
... unsaturation index of the fatty acyl chains was noticed: from 0.36 ± 0.01 at pH = 7.0 to 0.56 ± 0.01 at pH = 6.0 (p < 0.005) for 18C, from 0.34 ± 0.01 to 0.48 ± 0.04 (p < 0.05) for 6A and from 0.42 ± 0.01 to 0.54 ± 0.02 (p < 0.05) for D39 (Table 2). On the other hand, in the spxB-mutant, where the r ...
Untitled
... The course offered to 2nd year medical students in clinical biochemistry consists of scheduled lectures, tutorials and practicals which ensure smooth flow of the scientific material, in a controlled manner, through several pathways to achieve our objectives. There is some suggestion for optimal util ...
... The course offered to 2nd year medical students in clinical biochemistry consists of scheduled lectures, tutorials and practicals which ensure smooth flow of the scientific material, in a controlled manner, through several pathways to achieve our objectives. There is some suggestion for optimal util ...
Glycogen Metabolism
... Structure of Glycogen • Glycogen occurs as spherical granules known as beta-particles, 20-50 nm in diameter, except in the liver where the beta-particles aggregate to form rosettelike granules called alpha particles or -rosettes, which can be up to 200 nm in diameter • Glycogen is found in the cyt ...
... Structure of Glycogen • Glycogen occurs as spherical granules known as beta-particles, 20-50 nm in diameter, except in the liver where the beta-particles aggregate to form rosettelike granules called alpha particles or -rosettes, which can be up to 200 nm in diameter • Glycogen is found in the cyt ...
Metabolic engineering of the tryptophan and phenylalanine
... metabolites, the influence of overproduction of Trp on the metabolic profile and plant phenotype are of great interest. In addition, alteration of Trp biosynthesis could affect the metabolism of aromatic compounds in various ways (Ishihara et al. 2007). For example, feedback activation of CM (Mobley ...
... metabolites, the influence of overproduction of Trp on the metabolic profile and plant phenotype are of great interest. In addition, alteration of Trp biosynthesis could affect the metabolism of aromatic compounds in various ways (Ishihara et al. 2007). For example, feedback activation of CM (Mobley ...
Glutaric Aciduria Type 11: Evidence for a Defect Related to
... cells washed three times with 10 ml DPBS. The cells were then Estimation of the oxidation rate for [6-I4C]lysine. Oxidation harvested with trypsin-EDTA and further washed twice with of [6-'4C]lysine was performed by a method modified from DPBS. 3 ml of a solution containing 0.033 mg/ml riboflavin, D ...
... cells washed three times with 10 ml DPBS. The cells were then Estimation of the oxidation rate for [6-I4C]lysine. Oxidation harvested with trypsin-EDTA and further washed twice with of [6-'4C]lysine was performed by a method modified from DPBS. 3 ml of a solution containing 0.033 mg/ml riboflavin, D ...
Chapter 18
... Cholesterol ↑↑ → produce oxysterol → activated LXR (liver X receptor) → cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase → (cholesterol convent to) bile acid → secret excessive cholesterol LXR → stimulated ABC expression (ABCG5/8; ABCA1) → cholesterol release LXR → SREBP activation → lipid synthesis related enzyme expres ...
... Cholesterol ↑↑ → produce oxysterol → activated LXR (liver X receptor) → cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase → (cholesterol convent to) bile acid → secret excessive cholesterol LXR → stimulated ABC expression (ABCG5/8; ABCA1) → cholesterol release LXR → SREBP activation → lipid synthesis related enzyme expres ...
department of biological sciences
... Krebs cycle is a series of enzyme catalyzed reactions that occurs in cytosol of prokaryotes and mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotes. This metabolic pathway is actually one of the three major pathways of cellular respiration. The other two are glycolysis and electron transport chain. It is also called ...
... Krebs cycle is a series of enzyme catalyzed reactions that occurs in cytosol of prokaryotes and mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotes. This metabolic pathway is actually one of the three major pathways of cellular respiration. The other two are glycolysis and electron transport chain. It is also called ...
A first attempt to elucidate the amino acid sequence of some lichen
... Lichens are symbiotic associations between a fungus and a cyanobacterium (cyano-lichens) or a green alga (chlorolichens), joined to form a new biological entity different from its individual components. Recognition mechanisms used by lichens are based on the production and secretion of fungal lectin ...
... Lichens are symbiotic associations between a fungus and a cyanobacterium (cyano-lichens) or a green alga (chlorolichens), joined to form a new biological entity different from its individual components. Recognition mechanisms used by lichens are based on the production and secretion of fungal lectin ...
enzyme
... is often driven by linking it to an energetically favorable reaction, such as the hydrolysis of ATP. ...
... is often driven by linking it to an energetically favorable reaction, such as the hydrolysis of ATP. ...
Presentation 2013-201307040352
... newborn infants because the mechanism of its biosynthesis is not fully developed until later in postnatal development. The primary source of carnitine for a newborn is from the mother's milk (Sandor et al., 1982). The neonatal intestine has an avid carnitine absorption system of solute carriers .(Kw ...
... newborn infants because the mechanism of its biosynthesis is not fully developed until later in postnatal development. The primary source of carnitine for a newborn is from the mother's milk (Sandor et al., 1982). The neonatal intestine has an avid carnitine absorption system of solute carriers .(Kw ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.