Biochemical Pathways – Legends General Remarks for
... 31) Mitochondrial chain elongation of palmityl-CoA occurs by reversal of β-oxidation. Only enoyl-CoA reductase is different. The microsomal system employs malonyl-CoA instead of acetyl-CoA.. 32) The yeast system is shown here. The central SH group is written at the bottom, the marginal SH group at ...
... 31) Mitochondrial chain elongation of palmityl-CoA occurs by reversal of β-oxidation. Only enoyl-CoA reductase is different. The microsomal system employs malonyl-CoA instead of acetyl-CoA.. 32) The yeast system is shown here. The central SH group is written at the bottom, the marginal SH group at ...
Transport of molecules into a bacterial cell
... The vitamin CoA is way bigger than the organic acids acted on by the enzymes. CoA serves as a handle; an acid attaches to it, chemistry is done on the acid. Acids (e.g. acetate, succinate) attach to this –SH group here. ...
... The vitamin CoA is way bigger than the organic acids acted on by the enzymes. CoA serves as a handle; an acid attaches to it, chemistry is done on the acid. Acids (e.g. acetate, succinate) attach to this –SH group here. ...
Nutrition Test
... A substance that effects the speed of chemical changes, an organic catalyst, usually a protein An organic compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur, used for liver transplants A thread-like structure running longitudinally through ;a muscle fiber consisting mainly of thick myofilaments and ...
... A substance that effects the speed of chemical changes, an organic catalyst, usually a protein An organic compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur, used for liver transplants A thread-like structure running longitudinally through ;a muscle fiber consisting mainly of thick myofilaments and ...
Proteins PPT
... Built into the membranes of nerve cells Detect chemical signals (neurotransmitters) ...
... Built into the membranes of nerve cells Detect chemical signals (neurotransmitters) ...
Topic Three Chemistry of Life - MrsGorukhomework
... same 20 amino acids, but in various combinations - yielding a lot of different types of proteins. Amino acids are made up of an amino group (NH2) and a carboxyl or organic acid group (COOH). These groups are attached to the same carbon, also attached is a molecule called the ‘R group’ (which makes t ...
... same 20 amino acids, but in various combinations - yielding a lot of different types of proteins. Amino acids are made up of an amino group (NH2) and a carboxyl or organic acid group (COOH). These groups are attached to the same carbon, also attached is a molecule called the ‘R group’ (which makes t ...
Honors Biology Midterm Reviewаа BASIC CHEMISTRY
... ○ Enzymes proteins that serve as metabolic catalysts, regulate chemical reactions within cells ○ Structural proteins provide associations between body parts ○ contractile proteins found within muscle ○ defensive proteins include antibodies of immune system ○ signal proteins hormones ○ re ...
... ○ Enzymes proteins that serve as metabolic catalysts, regulate chemical reactions within cells ○ Structural proteins provide associations between body parts ○ contractile proteins found within muscle ○ defensive proteins include antibodies of immune system ○ signal proteins hormones ○ re ...
Gel Electrophoresis
... – Called hydrolysis (opposite of condensation) – Acid or base and heat required ...
... – Called hydrolysis (opposite of condensation) – Acid or base and heat required ...
Just as 26 letters of the alphabet make up all words in the English
... acids are then used by your cells to make new proteins. Chapter 11: Chemistry of Living Systems 357 ...
... acids are then used by your cells to make new proteins. Chapter 11: Chemistry of Living Systems 357 ...
Cellular Respiration
... (require energy) Breakdown: reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller molecules (free up energy) What are some examples of these 2 types of metabolic reactions? ...
... (require energy) Breakdown: reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller molecules (free up energy) What are some examples of these 2 types of metabolic reactions? ...
Practice Exam II
... 2. During the first few days of a fast, what energy source provides about 90% of the glucose needed to fuel the body? a. Protein b. Ketones c. Glycogen d. Triglycerides 3. Which of the following is used to supplement some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a whi ...
... 2. During the first few days of a fast, what energy source provides about 90% of the glucose needed to fuel the body? a. Protein b. Ketones c. Glycogen d. Triglycerides 3. Which of the following is used to supplement some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a whi ...
H &
... tion. Many other cells do oxidize other sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids to obtain energy, however. Certain enz)rrnescontained in such cells degradethesesubstancesto compounds that eventually enter catabolism through the central core of glucose metabolism. Figure 24.3 shows the entry points. Man ...
... tion. Many other cells do oxidize other sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids to obtain energy, however. Certain enz)rrnescontained in such cells degradethesesubstancesto compounds that eventually enter catabolism through the central core of glucose metabolism. Figure 24.3 shows the entry points. Man ...
Essential amino acids
... III. The metabolism of α-ketoacid Biosynthesis of nonessential amino acids TCA cycle member + amino acid α-keto acid + nonessential amino acid A source of energy (10%) ( CO2+H2O ) Glucogenesis and ketogenesis ...
... III. The metabolism of α-ketoacid Biosynthesis of nonessential amino acids TCA cycle member + amino acid α-keto acid + nonessential amino acid A source of energy (10%) ( CO2+H2O ) Glucogenesis and ketogenesis ...
Light Independent
... - In the thylakoid membrane - Chlorophyll traps sunlight and makes ATP - Photolysis: sunlight breaks water into H and ...
... - In the thylakoid membrane - Chlorophyll traps sunlight and makes ATP - Photolysis: sunlight breaks water into H and ...
Lecture Slides for Fatty Acid Catabolism
... Peroxisomes • b-Oxidation also occurs in peroxisomes (major site in plants) • In critters, peroxisomes are primary organelles for oxidation of very long chain and branched fatty acids (cerotic acid, phytanic acids) ...
... Peroxisomes • b-Oxidation also occurs in peroxisomes (major site in plants) • In critters, peroxisomes are primary organelles for oxidation of very long chain and branched fatty acids (cerotic acid, phytanic acids) ...
Models and Theory in Molecular Cell Biology
... example, the specific kinetic characteristics of single enzymes allowing high catalytic rates, the most efficient distribution of enzyme amounts along pathways, special topological properties, such as the location of ATP - consuming and ATP - producing reactions for fast energy interconversion, or t ...
... example, the specific kinetic characteristics of single enzymes allowing high catalytic rates, the most efficient distribution of enzyme amounts along pathways, special topological properties, such as the location of ATP - consuming and ATP - producing reactions for fast energy interconversion, or t ...
11/6/11 10:49 PM Metabolism Poster Questions: Answer the
... ancestral and more derived pathways. Since evolution frequently re-uses old structures in new ways, are there any pathways that seem related? 1. Glycolysis and fermentation (need each other) 2. photosynthesis 3. respiration 4. fatty acid metabolism 50. Compare the inner mitochondrial membrane with t ...
... ancestral and more derived pathways. Since evolution frequently re-uses old structures in new ways, are there any pathways that seem related? 1. Glycolysis and fermentation (need each other) 2. photosynthesis 3. respiration 4. fatty acid metabolism 50. Compare the inner mitochondrial membrane with t ...
Biochemistry_and_Digestion_2010[1]
... One molecule of -glucose joined to one molecule of fructose ...
... One molecule of -glucose joined to one molecule of fructose ...
Cellular Respiration notes
... Electron Transport Chain • The electron transport chain is a series of chemical reactions ending with hydrogen combining with oxygen to form water. Carbon dioxide is released as a waste product as it is formed in several stages of the Krebs cycle. • Each reaction produces a small amount of energy, ...
... Electron Transport Chain • The electron transport chain is a series of chemical reactions ending with hydrogen combining with oxygen to form water. Carbon dioxide is released as a waste product as it is formed in several stages of the Krebs cycle. • Each reaction produces a small amount of energy, ...
Answer Key - TeacherWeb
... 18. Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. 19. The diffusion of water into or out of a cell is called osmosis. 20. Osmosis is a type of passive transport. 21. Ions move through ion channels by passive transport. P.85, Fig 3.21 2 ...
... 18. Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. 19. The diffusion of water into or out of a cell is called osmosis. 20. Osmosis is a type of passive transport. 21. Ions move through ion channels by passive transport. P.85, Fig 3.21 2 ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.