Pyruvate to Acetyl Coenzyme A (Acetyl CoA)
... Organic Molecules as Fuel and Materials for Biosynthesis Glucose is not the only organic molecule used as fuel for cellular respiration. Polysaccharides, Proteins and Lipids are also used, but must be broken into their monomer building blocks first. ...
... Organic Molecules as Fuel and Materials for Biosynthesis Glucose is not the only organic molecule used as fuel for cellular respiration. Polysaccharides, Proteins and Lipids are also used, but must be broken into their monomer building blocks first. ...
Unit 3 Study Guide: Energetics
... 7) What is the proton-motive force? How does it result in the formation of ATP? 8) How is chemiosmosis involved in cellular respiration? 9) During respiration, in what pathway does most energy flow? 10) Describe three ways in which fermentation differs from respiration. 11) Sketch and label a chloro ...
... 7) What is the proton-motive force? How does it result in the formation of ATP? 8) How is chemiosmosis involved in cellular respiration? 9) During respiration, in what pathway does most energy flow? 10) Describe three ways in which fermentation differs from respiration. 11) Sketch and label a chloro ...
Biomolecules You Are What You Eat Handout
... How do plants store glucose? What are some of the forms plants use to store starch? How do humans store carbohydrate energy? How do humans store energy over long periods of time? What are lipids? What keeps lipids from dissolving in water? What are the two ingredients of fats? What is glycerol? ...
... How do plants store glucose? What are some of the forms plants use to store starch? How do humans store carbohydrate energy? How do humans store energy over long periods of time? What are lipids? What keeps lipids from dissolving in water? What are the two ingredients of fats? What is glycerol? ...
Chemistry of Life - Bilkent University
... – A huge number of different polymers can be made from a small number of monomers ...
... – A huge number of different polymers can be made from a small number of monomers ...
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY - Valdosta State University
... • Metabolism - the entire network of chemical reactions carried out by living cells • Metabolites - small molecule intermediates in the degradation and synthesis of polymers • Catabolic reactions - degrade molecules to create smaller molecules and energy • Anabolic reactions - synthesize molecules f ...
... • Metabolism - the entire network of chemical reactions carried out by living cells • Metabolites - small molecule intermediates in the degradation and synthesis of polymers • Catabolic reactions - degrade molecules to create smaller molecules and energy • Anabolic reactions - synthesize molecules f ...
Topic: B2b Lesson: 2 Title: Enzymes and digestion
... Starter: Write down everything you can remember from key stage 3 about digestion, eg. what it is; where it takes place... ...
... Starter: Write down everything you can remember from key stage 3 about digestion, eg. what it is; where it takes place... ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration
... • The _____________is the innermost compartment, which is filled with a ____________________. • _________________________________________________of the mitochondria. • Pyruvic acid enters the _________________________. • Pyruvic acid is converted into an intermediate ___________________ ____________ ...
... • The _____________is the innermost compartment, which is filled with a ____________________. • _________________________________________________of the mitochondria. • Pyruvic acid enters the _________________________. • Pyruvic acid is converted into an intermediate ___________________ ____________ ...
California Chemistry Standards Test
... 3. heat release or absorbed during phase changes 4. solve heat problems Reaction Rates-(4) 1. rates of chemical reactions 2. rates depend on temperature, concentration, and pressure 3. role of catalyst Chemical Equilibrium-(4) 1. LeChatelier’s principle to predict effects of concentration, temperatu ...
... 3. heat release or absorbed during phase changes 4. solve heat problems Reaction Rates-(4) 1. rates of chemical reactions 2. rates depend on temperature, concentration, and pressure 3. role of catalyst Chemical Equilibrium-(4) 1. LeChatelier’s principle to predict effects of concentration, temperatu ...
Intro to Macromolecules
... nitrogen and phosphorus Monomer: Nucleotide (phosphate, sugar & nitrogen base) Polymer: Nucleic Acid Structure: Long chains of nucleotides found in a twisted or folded structure ...
... nitrogen and phosphorus Monomer: Nucleotide (phosphate, sugar & nitrogen base) Polymer: Nucleic Acid Structure: Long chains of nucleotides found in a twisted or folded structure ...
Science, Matter, Energy, and Systems Key Terms
... Carbon Cycle The continuous process by which carbon is exchanged between organisms and the environment. Carbon dioxide is absorbed from the atmosphere by plants and algae and converted to carbohydrates by ...
... Carbon Cycle The continuous process by which carbon is exchanged between organisms and the environment. Carbon dioxide is absorbed from the atmosphere by plants and algae and converted to carbohydrates by ...
All living things need energy
... Pyramid of Energy only about 10% of energy in a trophic level will become energy found in the ...
... Pyramid of Energy only about 10% of energy in a trophic level will become energy found in the ...
Date ______ Mid-Term Review Name _______________ Chapter 1
... ionic bond? Covalent bonds share electrons while ionic bonds transfer electrons. 20. How would you describe the bonds that exist in a water molecule? Between oxygen and hydrogen there are covalent bonds, however, the electrons are not shared equally so they are polar covalent, resulting in slightly ...
... ionic bond? Covalent bonds share electrons while ionic bonds transfer electrons. 20. How would you describe the bonds that exist in a water molecule? Between oxygen and hydrogen there are covalent bonds, however, the electrons are not shared equally so they are polar covalent, resulting in slightly ...
Study Guide: Metabolism, Cellular Respiration and Plant
... energy coupling entropy enzyme enzyme-substrate complex exergonic reaction feedback inhibition first law of thermodynamics free energy heat hemoglobin induced fit kinetic energy metabolic pathway metabolism noncompetitive inhibitor order phosphorylated potential energy ribose second law of thermodyn ...
... energy coupling entropy enzyme enzyme-substrate complex exergonic reaction feedback inhibition first law of thermodynamics free energy heat hemoglobin induced fit kinetic energy metabolic pathway metabolism noncompetitive inhibitor order phosphorylated potential energy ribose second law of thermodyn ...
Summary/Reflection of Dan Freedman`s article, Science Education
... 1) The human body, for example, is maintained at a temperature of 98.6 F, near the optimal temperature for most human enzymes. 2) Above 104 F, these enzymes begin to lose their ability to catalyze reactions as they become denatured; that is, they lose their three-dimensional shape as hydrogen bond ...
... 1) The human body, for example, is maintained at a temperature of 98.6 F, near the optimal temperature for most human enzymes. 2) Above 104 F, these enzymes begin to lose their ability to catalyze reactions as they become denatured; that is, they lose their three-dimensional shape as hydrogen bond ...
ATP
... The student will learn how both carbohydrates and fats are utilized to form ATP. The students will learn why and how lactic acid is formed during strenuous activity. ...
... The student will learn how both carbohydrates and fats are utilized to form ATP. The students will learn why and how lactic acid is formed during strenuous activity. ...
NME2.29 - Fat and Carbohydrate Metabolism 2
... o In the cytosol fatty acids are combined with coenzyme A to form acyl-CoA o This conversion is coupled to transport into the mitochondria by acyl-CoA synthase Carnitine is used to transport acyl-CoA into mitochondrial matrix (from the inter-membrane space) o This transport process is inhibited by m ...
... o In the cytosol fatty acids are combined with coenzyme A to form acyl-CoA o This conversion is coupled to transport into the mitochondria by acyl-CoA synthase Carnitine is used to transport acyl-CoA into mitochondrial matrix (from the inter-membrane space) o This transport process is inhibited by m ...
Chapter 6 Nutrition and Metabolism
... energy and hydrogen atoms or electrons. Nutrient molecules frequently cannot cross selectively permeable plasma membranes through passive diffusion. They must be transported by one of three major mechanisms involving the use of membrane carrier proteins. ...
... energy and hydrogen atoms or electrons. Nutrient molecules frequently cannot cross selectively permeable plasma membranes through passive diffusion. They must be transported by one of three major mechanisms involving the use of membrane carrier proteins. ...
Exam II answer key
... Fatty acid CoA thioester must be transported to the mitochnodria, but it cannot pass through membranes. The fatty acid is temporarily transesterified with carnitine, which is transported and then transesterified back to CoA thioester. d) What two properties make triacylglycerols more efficient than ...
... Fatty acid CoA thioester must be transported to the mitochnodria, but it cannot pass through membranes. The fatty acid is temporarily transesterified with carnitine, which is transported and then transesterified back to CoA thioester. d) What two properties make triacylglycerols more efficient than ...
Exam II
... Fatty acid CoA thioester must be transported to the mitochnodria, but it cannot pass through membranes. The fatty acid is temporarily transesterified with carnitine, which is transported and then transesterified back to CoA thioester. d) What two properties make triacylglycerols more efficient than ...
... Fatty acid CoA thioester must be transported to the mitochnodria, but it cannot pass through membranes. The fatty acid is temporarily transesterified with carnitine, which is transported and then transesterified back to CoA thioester. d) What two properties make triacylglycerols more efficient than ...
The Chemistry of Life
... bonds form between H with a slight + charge and areas of – charge or with anions Can be formed or broken easily and repeatedlyweak independently, strong in great numbers Many occur at one time in water H bonds allow water to experience ...
... bonds form between H with a slight + charge and areas of – charge or with anions Can be formed or broken easily and repeatedlyweak independently, strong in great numbers Many occur at one time in water H bonds allow water to experience ...
Sample exam 1
... 5. Which one of the following processes is not stimulated by insulin? a. Glucose uptake in muscle b. Dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in muscle c. Glycolysis in liver d. Dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in liver e. All of the processes listed are stimulated by insulin Essay questions: A ...
... 5. Which one of the following processes is not stimulated by insulin? a. Glucose uptake in muscle b. Dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in muscle c. Glycolysis in liver d. Dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase in liver e. All of the processes listed are stimulated by insulin Essay questions: A ...
the Study Guide for Mr. Brown`s Level 1- Biology Unit 2
... coding for the production of a cell's proteins disaccharide: double sugar formed from the combination of two simple sugars electron: negatively charged subatomic particle located outside the atomic nucleus element: substance consisting entirely of one type of atom energy level: one of a series of "o ...
... coding for the production of a cell's proteins disaccharide: double sugar formed from the combination of two simple sugars electron: negatively charged subatomic particle located outside the atomic nucleus element: substance consisting entirely of one type of atom energy level: one of a series of "o ...
The Origins Of Life
... These monomers are used to build nucleic acids The acids can be used for various functions in life such as storage, transfer of vital information, and even enzymes ...
... These monomers are used to build nucleic acids The acids can be used for various functions in life such as storage, transfer of vital information, and even enzymes ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.