• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
2 ATP - HONORS BIOLOGY
2 ATP - HONORS BIOLOGY

... 1. Glycolysis: Glucose is split in half – same as anaerobic respiration - occurs in cytoplasm 2. Krebs Cycle: - products of glycolysis are broken down releasing CO2 and transferring electrons and hydrogens to NAD+ and FAD - occurs in matrix of mitochondria 3. Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Tran ...
Types of Biochemical Reactions
Types of Biochemical Reactions

... metabolism, has to do with the amount of energy the organism uses. And that energy is used to drive the chemical reactions in cells —or the biochemical reactions. And, of course, it is all the biochemical reactions that allow the cells function properly, and maintain life. Biochemical Reactions ...
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration

... Glucose (sugar) provides energy. Monosaccharides and Dissacharides structures usually give quick energy. Polysaccharide structure is mainly used for storage and structure. Glucose is obtained from and/or produced by plants The Cell and the Mitochondria ...
Peptides and Proteins
Peptides and Proteins

... 20 amino acids are commonly found in protein. These 20 amino acids are linked together through “peptide bond forming peptides and proteins. - The chains containing less than 50 amino acids are called “peptides”, while those containing greater than 50 amino acids are called “proteins”. Peptide bond f ...
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration

Terminal Exam Revision - St Micks Science
Terminal Exam Revision - St Micks Science

... • Stem cells are able to change into the types of cell • Stem cells can be removed from adults eg bone marrow • Embryonic stem cells are taken from early embryos before cells have started to change • Unethical as embryo is destroyed • Risk of cancer with embryonic stem cells • Adult stem cells have ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... The amino acid composition of a peptide chain is determined by its complete hydrolysis followed by the quantitative analysis of the liberated amino acids. Acid hydrolysis (6 N HCl) at 120 oC for 10 to 100 h destroys Trp and partially destroys Ser, Thr, and Tyr. ...
An Overview of the Citric Acid Cycle
An Overview of the Citric Acid Cycle

... Stoichiometry of the Citric Acid Cycle 1. Two carbon atoms enter the cycle in the condensation of an acetyl unit (from acetyl CoA) with oxaloacetate. Two carbon atoms leave the cycle in the form of CO2 in the successive decarboxylations catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase and a-ketoglutarate deh ...
Document
Document

... RNA similar to DNA except ◦ Contains ribose instead of deoxyribose ◦ Contains uracil instead of thymine ...
Metabolism Unit Organization
Metabolism Unit Organization

... from small inorganic molecules present in their environment, and this process can occur in the absence of oxygen. 
 Heterotrophs capture free energy present in carbon compounds produced by other organisms. 
Examples: o Heterotrophs may metabolize carbohydrates, lipids and proteins by hydrolysis as s ...
Ch 18
Ch 18

... – No need for  glutamate synthase – Glutamine synthetase used for different purpose:  to “mop up” ammonia ...
Keystone Review Packet #2 Answers
Keystone Review Packet #2 Answers

... It turns out that hydrogen bonds are important for a few more reasons. Hydrogen bonds give water a high specific heat and also cause water to expand upon freezing. Specific heat is the amount of energy required to raise one gram of water 1 degree Celsius. 4. Can you think of a reason why water can a ...
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration

... • First step requires 2 ATP • The next steps form 4 ATP by substrate level phosphorylation • This is the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to some other molecule (in this case ADP) • Meanwhile , NAD picks up electrons and H liberated from the PGAL ...
Chapter 17. Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea
Chapter 17. Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea

Protein Synthesis and Mutations Review Sheet 2014
Protein Synthesis and Mutations Review Sheet 2014

... Directions: Write the answers to each of the questions on a separate sheet of paper or flash cards. For the terms, either use them in your answers or separately define or describe their relation to the concepts of protein synthesis or mutations. Protein Synthesis: Chapter 8.4 and 8.5 1. What are thr ...
hapter 11
hapter 11

... 11.6 Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation - 2 5. Draw a simple diagram that shows the connections between the glycolytic pathways, TCA cycle, ETC, and ATP synthesis 6. List uses for the PMF generated by bacterial cells in addition to ATP synthesis 7. Calculate the maximum possible ATP y ...
Biological Molecules Review Questions 2015
Biological Molecules Review Questions 2015

Ch. 7.4: Cellular Respiration
Ch. 7.4: Cellular Respiration

... light all at once. ...
8 Cellular Respiration-An Overview
8 Cellular Respiration-An Overview

... Read This! Glucose, or any carbon-based molecule, can be burned in oxygen (oxidized) to produce carbon dioxide and water. Combustion reactions release large amounts of energy. However, the energy release is uncontrolled. An organism would not be able to handle all that energy at once to do the work ...
Dear Notetaker:
Dear Notetaker:

... 4. To complete production of 2 myristic acid (14:0), the fatty acid synthase dimer complex needs: a. 14 acetyl CoA, 24 NADPH’s, 6 cycles 5. The best antioxidant to prevent oxidation of collagen in the corneal stroma is: a. Vitamin C i. Stroma needs hydration- lots of water—vitamin C is water soluble ...
Chemistry in Biology
Chemistry in Biology

... – Chemical signals between cells – Control cell growth and repair ...
L-Arginine A Versatile, Conditionally Essential Amino Acid
L-Arginine A Versatile, Conditionally Essential Amino Acid

... Amino acids have many functions in the body. They are the building blocks for all body proteins—structural proteins that build muscle, connective tissues, bones and other structures, and functional proteins in the form of thousands of metabolically active enzymes. Amino acids provide the body with t ...
Various University Examination Questions on Fatty acid
Various University Examination Questions on Fatty acid

... 1. Describe saturated fatty acids. Write a note on energetics of -oxidation of palmitic acid. (5) 2. Describe the various reactions involved in beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Add a note on its ...
Chapter 6 2015 - Franklin College
Chapter 6 2015 - Franklin College

... Material for exam #1 (March 4) will include these textbook chapters: Chapter 3-water Chapter 4-Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life (especially functional groups) Chapter 6-Cell Structure and Function Chapter 7-Cell Membranes ...
ppt11 - Plant Agriculture
ppt11 - Plant Agriculture

... 1. Photosynthesis results in high energy cofactors (ATP/NADPH) to allow chemical reactions to occur (via enzymes encoded by genes). 2. The Calvin Cycle uses these cofactors to remove C from CO2, add it to a 5C acceptor, to build 2x3C and regenerate 5C. 3. Carbon-fixation from CO2 occurs via RuBisCo, ...
< 1 ... 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 ... 905 >

Metabolism



Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report