Role of buffers in hydrogen ion homeostasis &
... release H+ • Acids can be defined as a proton (H+) donor ...
... release H+ • Acids can be defined as a proton (H+) donor ...
Multiple Choice Questions
... d. region of the peptide bond that contributes to a Ramachandran plot e. theoretical space between -180 and +180 degrees that can be occupied by the φ and ψ angles in the peptide bond 17. The major reason that antiparallel β-stranded protein structures are more stable than parallel β-stranded struct ...
... d. region of the peptide bond that contributes to a Ramachandran plot e. theoretical space between -180 and +180 degrees that can be occupied by the φ and ψ angles in the peptide bond 17. The major reason that antiparallel β-stranded protein structures are more stable than parallel β-stranded struct ...
Structural basis for the functional differences between ASCT1 and
... to the Solute Carrier Family 1, along with human glutamate transporters (Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters EAATs). Neutral amino acid exchange via ASCT1 is thought to be coupled to only one Na+ ion. This is in contrast to the EAATs where glutamate transport is coupled to three Na+, one H+ ion and t ...
... to the Solute Carrier Family 1, along with human glutamate transporters (Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters EAATs). Neutral amino acid exchange via ASCT1 is thought to be coupled to only one Na+ ion. This is in contrast to the EAATs where glutamate transport is coupled to three Na+, one H+ ion and t ...
Inference in Metabolic Network Models using Flux
... •! but there are always lots of things we don’t know –! all of the metabolic reactions –! the kinetics of most reactions –! all of the actors/mechanisms involved in regulation –! how the regulatory network interacts with the metabolic network •! in many cases, though, we can still make interesting p ...
... •! but there are always lots of things we don’t know –! all of the metabolic reactions –! the kinetics of most reactions –! all of the actors/mechanisms involved in regulation –! how the regulatory network interacts with the metabolic network •! in many cases, though, we can still make interesting p ...
protein lesson
... I know the structure of protein. I can understand the different functions of protein in the diet. I know the difference between high biological value proteins and low biological value proteins and can list food examples of each. I understand two lows make a high. ...
... I know the structure of protein. I can understand the different functions of protein in the diet. I know the difference between high biological value proteins and low biological value proteins and can list food examples of each. I understand two lows make a high. ...
Table of Contents - Arizona Science Center
... dioxide from the tissues to the lungs, collagen is a protein responsible for providing structure and support to our bodies, and the immune system has a whole host of proteins that help protect our bodies from imbalance. Proteins can signal, link, and transport cell materials. 4. Inform students tha ...
... dioxide from the tissues to the lungs, collagen is a protein responsible for providing structure and support to our bodies, and the immune system has a whole host of proteins that help protect our bodies from imbalance. Proteins can signal, link, and transport cell materials. 4. Inform students tha ...
Document
... the folds of unsolved proteins as well as designing new proteins to cure diseases. We’re collecting data to find out if humans' pattern-recognition and puzzle-solving abilities make them more efficient than existing computer programs at pattern-folding tasks. If this turns out to be true, we can the ...
... the folds of unsolved proteins as well as designing new proteins to cure diseases. We’re collecting data to find out if humans' pattern-recognition and puzzle-solving abilities make them more efficient than existing computer programs at pattern-folding tasks. If this turns out to be true, we can the ...
chapter06
... Enzymes combine with the substrate to form the enzyme-substrate complex. The regions to which the substrates bind to the enzyme are called the active sites of the enzyme. The substrates come into close contact and react more readily. When a substrate binds to an enzyme, the shape of the enzyme chang ...
... Enzymes combine with the substrate to form the enzyme-substrate complex. The regions to which the substrates bind to the enzyme are called the active sites of the enzyme. The substrates come into close contact and react more readily. When a substrate binds to an enzyme, the shape of the enzyme chang ...
Nutritional Biochemistry
... The 3 major fats in the membrane are fatty acid, cholesterol, and phosphoglycerides (phospholipids.) Fatty acids are chains of carbon atoms with an acid group at one end and a methyl group at the other, and can be saturated, trans or unsaturated. Some fatty acids are linoleic, linolenic, and stearic ...
... The 3 major fats in the membrane are fatty acid, cholesterol, and phosphoglycerides (phospholipids.) Fatty acids are chains of carbon atoms with an acid group at one end and a methyl group at the other, and can be saturated, trans or unsaturated. Some fatty acids are linoleic, linolenic, and stearic ...
COURSE DETAILS: E INTRODUCTION Metabolism can be defined
... Fatty acids are activated by an enzyme, fatty acyl-CoA synthetase to produce fatty acyl-CoA, a reaction that occurs in the cytoplasm. The β-oxidation of fatty acid occurs inside the mitochondrion. Therefore, the fatty acyl-CoA has to traverse the mitochondrial membranes. The inner mitochondrial memb ...
... Fatty acids are activated by an enzyme, fatty acyl-CoA synthetase to produce fatty acyl-CoA, a reaction that occurs in the cytoplasm. The β-oxidation of fatty acid occurs inside the mitochondrion. Therefore, the fatty acyl-CoA has to traverse the mitochondrial membranes. The inner mitochondrial memb ...
Exam 1 - Faculty Web Pages
... (a) This property is found in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. (b) This property is found in prokaryotic cells. (c) This property is found in eukaryotic cells. (d) This property is found in viruses. 11. The ability to replicate by cell division. 12. Plasma membranes that contain speciali ...
... (a) This property is found in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. (b) This property is found in prokaryotic cells. (c) This property is found in eukaryotic cells. (d) This property is found in viruses. 11. The ability to replicate by cell division. 12. Plasma membranes that contain speciali ...
Nutritional Pattern Among Orgnaisms
... • Nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus are needed by microbes for synthesis of cellular materials • Protein synthesis nitrogen and sulfur • DNA or RNA synthesis nitrogen, Many bacteria derive nitrogen by decomposing protein phosphorus • ATP synthesis nitrogen and phosphorus • Some bacteria ammonium ions ...
... • Nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus are needed by microbes for synthesis of cellular materials • Protein synthesis nitrogen and sulfur • DNA or RNA synthesis nitrogen, Many bacteria derive nitrogen by decomposing protein phosphorus • ATP synthesis nitrogen and phosphorus • Some bacteria ammonium ions ...
THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE
... • When isocitrate dehydrogenase is inhibited, citrate builds up; citrate then transfers to cytoplasm where it allosterically inhibits phosphofructokinase to prevent glucose processing • -ketogluterate accumulation can be used for amino acids and ...
... • When isocitrate dehydrogenase is inhibited, citrate builds up; citrate then transfers to cytoplasm where it allosterically inhibits phosphofructokinase to prevent glucose processing • -ketogluterate accumulation can be used for amino acids and ...
Review - Columbus Labs
... 1. Ribosomes. Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger. (Slide 29, lecture 4) 2. Initiator tRNA. In eukaryotes, the initiating amino acid is methionine rather than N-formylmethionine. However, as in prokaryotes, a special tRNA participates in initiation. 3. Initiation. The initiating codon in eukaryotes is a ...
... 1. Ribosomes. Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger. (Slide 29, lecture 4) 2. Initiator tRNA. In eukaryotes, the initiating amino acid is methionine rather than N-formylmethionine. However, as in prokaryotes, a special tRNA participates in initiation. 3. Initiation. The initiating codon in eukaryotes is a ...
Załącznik nr 3 do Zarządzenia Rektora PUM…………………….. z
... and tissues. Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The share of respiratory system in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Acid - base balance in physiologic conditions: renal regulation The share of renal function in homeostasis of acid-base balance. Mechanisms of bi ...
... and tissues. Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The share of respiratory system in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Acid - base balance in physiologic conditions: renal regulation The share of renal function in homeostasis of acid-base balance. Mechanisms of bi ...
LECTURE TEST PACKET #3
... ATP (ATP is needed to perform photosynthesis), these bacteria use H₂ gas, H₂S gas or elemental sulfur as sources of electrons to make ATP; none of these have any oxygen molecules to release (in oxygenic photosynthesis, water is split and the hydrogen ions are used to make ATP as the oxygen molecules ...
... ATP (ATP is needed to perform photosynthesis), these bacteria use H₂ gas, H₂S gas or elemental sulfur as sources of electrons to make ATP; none of these have any oxygen molecules to release (in oxygenic photosynthesis, water is split and the hydrogen ions are used to make ATP as the oxygen molecules ...
Can you describe the various methods of cell membrane transport?
... To sustain energy output in glycolysis, cells compensate by consuming more glucose molecules if an adequate supply of carbohydrates is available. ...
... To sustain energy output in glycolysis, cells compensate by consuming more glucose molecules if an adequate supply of carbohydrates is available. ...
Cellular Respiration
... Electron transport and pumping of protons (H+), ATP synthesis powered by the flow which create an H+ gradient across the membrane Of H+ back across the membrane Oxidative phosphorylation ...
... Electron transport and pumping of protons (H+), ATP synthesis powered by the flow which create an H+ gradient across the membrane Of H+ back across the membrane Oxidative phosphorylation ...
9.1 Catabolic Pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels
... The e- transport chain eases the fall of e- from food to O2, breaking a large DG into a series of smaller steps that release E in manageable amounts. Chemiosmosis: the Energy-Coupling Mechanism ATP synthase is an enzyme that makes ATP from ADP & inorganic phosphate; many copies populate the inne ...
... The e- transport chain eases the fall of e- from food to O2, breaking a large DG into a series of smaller steps that release E in manageable amounts. Chemiosmosis: the Energy-Coupling Mechanism ATP synthase is an enzyme that makes ATP from ADP & inorganic phosphate; many copies populate the inne ...
summary slides
... Additional tests 1. Differential staining 2. Biochemical tests- determine presence of enzymes - Numerical identification 4. Genetic homology (similarity of DNA) - Base composition - DNA and RNA sequencing (16s rRNA gene) - DNA hybridization 5. Protein and amino acid homology (similarity of proteins) ...
... Additional tests 1. Differential staining 2. Biochemical tests- determine presence of enzymes - Numerical identification 4. Genetic homology (similarity of DNA) - Base composition - DNA and RNA sequencing (16s rRNA gene) - DNA hybridization 5. Protein and amino acid homology (similarity of proteins) ...
Chapter 19 – Lipids
... For all intents and purposes, this material is no more water-soluble than any alkane. Lanolin is another wax. In plants, waxes cover the outside of fruits, vegetables, and leaves to prevent excessive loss of water and to protect against attack by parasites. In animals, waxes can make feathers water ...
... For all intents and purposes, this material is no more water-soluble than any alkane. Lanolin is another wax. In plants, waxes cover the outside of fruits, vegetables, and leaves to prevent excessive loss of water and to protect against attack by parasites. In animals, waxes can make feathers water ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.