chapter_2_2007
... The atoms sharing electrons sit close enough together so that their outer energy levels overlap. Single covalent bond-one pair of electrons is shared. ...
... The atoms sharing electrons sit close enough together so that their outer energy levels overlap. Single covalent bond-one pair of electrons is shared. ...
Chapter 14- RESPIRATION IN PLANTS Living cells require a
... Living cells require a continuous supply of energy for maintaining various life activities. This energy is obtained by oxidizing the organic compounds (carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids) in the cells. This process of harvesting chemical energy for metabolic activities in the form of ATP by oxidisi ...
... Living cells require a continuous supply of energy for maintaining various life activities. This energy is obtained by oxidizing the organic compounds (carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids) in the cells. This process of harvesting chemical energy for metabolic activities in the form of ATP by oxidisi ...
Biochem retest questions
... Compare and contrast an ionic, covalent and hydrogen bond. Explain what each is and what causes each. Why is water a polar molecule? How does polarity allow for cohesion between water molecules? How does cohesion allow for water to have surface tension? How is adhesion different from cohesion? Name ...
... Compare and contrast an ionic, covalent and hydrogen bond. Explain what each is and what causes each. Why is water a polar molecule? How does polarity allow for cohesion between water molecules? How does cohesion allow for water to have surface tension? How is adhesion different from cohesion? Name ...
Answers- Review: Cells and Transport Mechanisms
... 45. Cardiac muscle cells are very active and require huge amounts of energy. Mitochondria will produce enough ...
... 45. Cardiac muscle cells are very active and require huge amounts of energy. Mitochondria will produce enough ...
Answer: ( c ) Relative specificity One of the main characteristics
... One of the main characteristics of enzymes is their high specificity. Enzymes are specific for: a) the substrate b) the reaction It means that they catalyze the transformation of just one substrate or a family of substrates that are structurally related, catalyzing only one of the possible reactions ...
... One of the main characteristics of enzymes is their high specificity. Enzymes are specific for: a) the substrate b) the reaction It means that they catalyze the transformation of just one substrate or a family of substrates that are structurally related, catalyzing only one of the possible reactions ...
Figures from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology
... different proteins varies tremendously. • Proteins with short life-spans, that are misfolded, or that become oxidized must be destroyed and recycled by the cell. Enzymes that degrade proteins are called proteases. They are hydrolytic enzymes. Most large cytosolic proteins in eukaryotes are degraded ...
... different proteins varies tremendously. • Proteins with short life-spans, that are misfolded, or that become oxidized must be destroyed and recycled by the cell. Enzymes that degrade proteins are called proteases. They are hydrolytic enzymes. Most large cytosolic proteins in eukaryotes are degraded ...
Modeling with Toobers
... Place 4 yellow thumb tacks to map the C and H residues and a blue thumb tack for R. Map the positions of these residues on the ~30” toober. (Hint: each amino acid occupies ~1 inches on the toober). Use a ruler and pencil to measure and mark the distances. Please do not use a pen to mark the distan ...
... Place 4 yellow thumb tacks to map the C and H residues and a blue thumb tack for R. Map the positions of these residues on the ~30” toober. (Hint: each amino acid occupies ~1 inches on the toober). Use a ruler and pencil to measure and mark the distances. Please do not use a pen to mark the distan ...
(CIWUJIA) on Fat Metabolism and Endurance Performance in Long
... increase energy and vitality. Soviet scientists in believed ES is an adaptogen that exerts effects on both sick and healthy individuals by correcting any dysfunctions without producing unwanted side effects. But how the ES exactly good to human? PUrPose: To assess the effects of Eleutherococcus sent ...
... increase energy and vitality. Soviet scientists in believed ES is an adaptogen that exerts effects on both sick and healthy individuals by correcting any dysfunctions without producing unwanted side effects. But how the ES exactly good to human? PUrPose: To assess the effects of Eleutherococcus sent ...
Chapters 10 and 11 Enzymes Enzymes are specialized proteins that
... the basic amino acids (H, R, K) are used as bases in acid and base catalyzed reactions. These amino acids work best when the pH is at or near the pKa of the amino acid side chain. Remember that the environment around the ...
... the basic amino acids (H, R, K) are used as bases in acid and base catalyzed reactions. These amino acids work best when the pH is at or near the pKa of the amino acid side chain. Remember that the environment around the ...
Self Assessment Chapter 2, part 2 - CM
... • Carbohydrates, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, function primarily as fuel; some limited structural roles • Monosaccharides – consist of 3 to 7 carbons; monomers from which all carbohydrates are made; glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose, and dexoyribose are most abundant monosaccharides ...
... • Carbohydrates, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, function primarily as fuel; some limited structural roles • Monosaccharides – consist of 3 to 7 carbons; monomers from which all carbohydrates are made; glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose, and dexoyribose are most abundant monosaccharides ...
Amino Acids
... place of the side chain. The other six amino acids in group A contain alkyl or aryl hydrocarbon side chains. Proline differs slightly from the other amino acids in Table below. It contains a secondary rather than a primary amino group. Actually, proline is an imino acid. Its side chain is bonded to ...
... place of the side chain. The other six amino acids in group A contain alkyl or aryl hydrocarbon side chains. Proline differs slightly from the other amino acids in Table below. It contains a secondary rather than a primary amino group. Actually, proline is an imino acid. Its side chain is bonded to ...
Cellular Respiration - Cathedral High School
... Four ATP produced by phosphorylation Net gain of two ATP Both G3Ps converted to pyruvates ...
... Four ATP produced by phosphorylation Net gain of two ATP Both G3Ps converted to pyruvates ...
Bio II Elodea Lab: Photosynthesis and Cellular
... shift between oxidized and reduced states as they accept and donate electrons. The ETC does not make ATP directly. Instead, it generates a ___________________________which stores potential energy that can be used to phosphorylate ADP to ATP later. Some electron carriers accept and release __________ ...
... shift between oxidized and reduced states as they accept and donate electrons. The ETC does not make ATP directly. Instead, it generates a ___________________________which stores potential energy that can be used to phosphorylate ADP to ATP later. Some electron carriers accept and release __________ ...
Neoplasia lecture 8
... glucose molecule used produces 36 ATP molecules. • Anaerobic respiration if oxygen levels are low. In this process glucose is converted to lactic acid and for each glucose molecule used only 2 ATP molecules are produced. ...
... glucose molecule used produces 36 ATP molecules. • Anaerobic respiration if oxygen levels are low. In this process glucose is converted to lactic acid and for each glucose molecule used only 2 ATP molecules are produced. ...
Flexibility of a polypeptide chain
... by H-bond in between strands (Pro-OH participates in H-bonding network and lack of –OH on Pro in collagen lead to the disease scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency, ascorbate reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+ in prolyl hydroxylase for its ...
... by H-bond in between strands (Pro-OH participates in H-bonding network and lack of –OH on Pro in collagen lead to the disease scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency, ascorbate reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+ in prolyl hydroxylase for its ...
2 Nucleic Acids
... nucleotide. These two molecules alternate to form the backbone of the nucleotide chain. This backbone is known as the sugar-phosphate backbone. The nitrogen bases in a nucleic acid stick out from the backbone. There are four different types of bases: cytosine (C), adenine (A), guanine (G), and eithe ...
... nucleotide. These two molecules alternate to form the backbone of the nucleotide chain. This backbone is known as the sugar-phosphate backbone. The nitrogen bases in a nucleic acid stick out from the backbone. There are four different types of bases: cytosine (C), adenine (A), guanine (G), and eithe ...
Enzymes
... Most work BEST at body temperature 37oC DENATURE (change shape) at high temperatures Inactive (doesn’t work that well) at LOW temperature ...
... Most work BEST at body temperature 37oC DENATURE (change shape) at high temperatures Inactive (doesn’t work that well) at LOW temperature ...
chapter 9 cellular respiration: harvesting chemical
... respiration oxidizes a molecule of glucose to six CO2 molecules. Four ATP molecules are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Many more ATP molecules are generated by oxidative phosphorylation. Each NADH from the citric acid cycle and the conv ...
... respiration oxidizes a molecule of glucose to six CO2 molecules. Four ATP molecules are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Many more ATP molecules are generated by oxidative phosphorylation. Each NADH from the citric acid cycle and the conv ...
BIOANALYTICAL/CLINICAL ANALYSIS
... T3 and T4 Important-Assayed by Immunology,old method RadioImmunoassay,Now Enzyme Immunoassay with Antibodies ...
... T3 and T4 Important-Assayed by Immunology,old method RadioImmunoassay,Now Enzyme Immunoassay with Antibodies ...
2106lecture 6a powerpoint
... Definition of amino acid -building blocks of proteins Structure of amino acid -each amino acid has an amino group(NH2), an acid group(COOH), a hydrogen atom, and a distinctive side group all of which are attached to central carbon atom -some amino acids also contain sulphur ...
... Definition of amino acid -building blocks of proteins Structure of amino acid -each amino acid has an amino group(NH2), an acid group(COOH), a hydrogen atom, and a distinctive side group all of which are attached to central carbon atom -some amino acids also contain sulphur ...
Nutrition Panel Lab
... within the cells of living organisms. Each reaction occurs with the help of a uniquely shaped protein called an enzyme; one unique enzyme per reaction. By changing their shape as they encounter specific reactant molecules, enzymes actually bring the reactant molecules close enough together so that i ...
... within the cells of living organisms. Each reaction occurs with the help of a uniquely shaped protein called an enzyme; one unique enzyme per reaction. By changing their shape as they encounter specific reactant molecules, enzymes actually bring the reactant molecules close enough together so that i ...
3 The Relation of Physics to Other Sciences
... enzymes themselves are not involved in the reaction directly. They do not change; they merely let an atom go from one place to another. Having done so, the enzyme is ready to do it to the next molecule, like a machine in a factory. Of course, there must be a supply of certain atoms and a way of disp ...
... enzymes themselves are not involved in the reaction directly. They do not change; they merely let an atom go from one place to another. Having done so, the enzyme is ready to do it to the next molecule, like a machine in a factory. Of course, there must be a supply of certain atoms and a way of disp ...
Preview from Notesale.co.uk Page 3 of 61
... Describe how ATP is made in cellular respiration. Identify the role of fermentation in cellular respiration. Evaluate the importance of oxygen in aerobic respiration. Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration. ...
... Describe how ATP is made in cellular respiration. Identify the role of fermentation in cellular respiration. Evaluate the importance of oxygen in aerobic respiration. Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration. ...
`Keto-adapt` your clients in 3 months in 8 easy steps
... and further research is needed to determine whether resistance training can effectively slow or stop the loss of fat-free mass typically seen in individuals following a ketogenic diet. Mechanisms underlying the effects of a ketogenic diet on fat-free mass and the results of implementing exercise int ...
... and further research is needed to determine whether resistance training can effectively slow or stop the loss of fat-free mass typically seen in individuals following a ketogenic diet. Mechanisms underlying the effects of a ketogenic diet on fat-free mass and the results of implementing exercise int ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.