crosses. - Aurora City Schools
... At the beginning of the 1900s, American geneticist Thomas Hunt Morgan decided to use the common fruit fly as a model organism in his genetics experiments. The fruit fly was an ideal organism for genetics because it could produce plenty of offspring, and it did so quickly in the laboratory. Before lo ...
... At the beginning of the 1900s, American geneticist Thomas Hunt Morgan decided to use the common fruit fly as a model organism in his genetics experiments. The fruit fly was an ideal organism for genetics because it could produce plenty of offspring, and it did so quickly in the laboratory. Before lo ...
Supplementary Methods 1. Generation and post
... rate and compared the resulting deconstructions. In every case, the output eventually converged to the same background distribution (data not shown), although in the majority of these cases several iterations were required. This suggests that our optimization procedure is not highly dependent on the ...
... rate and compared the resulting deconstructions. In every case, the output eventually converged to the same background distribution (data not shown), although in the majority of these cases several iterations were required. This suggests that our optimization procedure is not highly dependent on the ...
Structure and functions of lampbrush chromosomes
... by changes in the distance between nucleosomes, especially the non-adjacent ones. The compaction ratio of DNA (number of DNA μm in a 1 μm chromatin fiber) in non-transcribed fibrils is equal to 2.1, in transcriptional units with moderate and weak activity it is 1.7, and in transcriptional units with ...
... by changes in the distance between nucleosomes, especially the non-adjacent ones. The compaction ratio of DNA (number of DNA μm in a 1 μm chromatin fiber) in non-transcribed fibrils is equal to 2.1, in transcriptional units with moderate and weak activity it is 1.7, and in transcriptional units with ...
Molecular Signatures of Natural Selection for Polymorphic Genes of
... variation must result from some combination of the basic evolutionary processes of genetic drift, mutation, and natural selection, along with demographic history (including gene flow). Particularly intriguing is the possibility that natural selection has played a role in the development of the genet ...
... variation must result from some combination of the basic evolutionary processes of genetic drift, mutation, and natural selection, along with demographic history (including gene flow). Particularly intriguing is the possibility that natural selection has played a role in the development of the genet ...
Curr. Microbiol. 42
... thuringiensis standard strains, as well as on 27 B. thuringiensis field isolates, which have previously been found positive to a pair of universal primers (Un7,8 for cry7 and cry8 groups) [2]. Among the standard strains, only B. thuringiensis subsp. dakota HD-511 and B. thuringiensis subsp. kumamoto ...
... thuringiensis standard strains, as well as on 27 B. thuringiensis field isolates, which have previously been found positive to a pair of universal primers (Un7,8 for cry7 and cry8 groups) [2]. Among the standard strains, only B. thuringiensis subsp. dakota HD-511 and B. thuringiensis subsp. kumamoto ...
The Rat Gene Map
... conserved autosomal chromosome segments is only 33. Of the 20 singletons, 8 appear to be located inside existing segments. The maximal number of conserved segments indicated by the present data set is 61—about half the number of segments found when either species is compared with human. It should be ...
... conserved autosomal chromosome segments is only 33. Of the 20 singletons, 8 appear to be located inside existing segments. The maximal number of conserved segments indicated by the present data set is 61—about half the number of segments found when either species is compared with human. It should be ...
Document
... • At least… three genes control the color of your skin • The phenotype is a result of… the cumulative effects of the dominant genes • Human skin color exists… as a gradient ...
... • At least… three genes control the color of your skin • The phenotype is a result of… the cumulative effects of the dominant genes • Human skin color exists… as a gradient ...
Darwinian Populations and Natural Selection Homunculi Rule
... and is, in fact, as good as the punch line of his book. According to PGS, “the agential perspective on evolution has always been an uneasy mix of the metaphorical and the literal. . . . . but all talk of benefits and agendas comes with a peculiar psychological power.” (p10) The peculiar power is, of ...
... and is, in fact, as good as the punch line of his book. According to PGS, “the agential perspective on evolution has always been an uneasy mix of the metaphorical and the literal. . . . . but all talk of benefits and agendas comes with a peculiar psychological power.” (p10) The peculiar power is, of ...
Manipulating the Plasmodium Genome
... to only a third of the predicted genes, but most of these significant matches remain only partially informative. They may reveal the biochemical activity of the product, inherent to the protein and irrespective of cellular context, for example a kinase or a phosphatase activity. They may also indica ...
... to only a third of the predicted genes, but most of these significant matches remain only partially informative. They may reveal the biochemical activity of the product, inherent to the protein and irrespective of cellular context, for example a kinase or a phosphatase activity. They may also indica ...
Dawkins Vs. Gould: Survival of the Fittest
... being copied, though their chances will always depend as well on their environment. A replicator that is highly copy-worthy in one environment might, for example, be too unstable and hence have very poor prospects in a hotter chemical soup, or one composed of different compounds. The formation of th ...
... being copied, though their chances will always depend as well on their environment. A replicator that is highly copy-worthy in one environment might, for example, be too unstable and hence have very poor prospects in a hotter chemical soup, or one composed of different compounds. The formation of th ...
Chapter 8
... All species of living organisms are able to reproduce. This is how the species is perpetuated. Reproduction may be asexual reproduction, in which a single organism, or part of it, divides by mitosis to produce a new organism that is genetically identical to the parent. Animals, however, and also pla ...
... All species of living organisms are able to reproduce. This is how the species is perpetuated. Reproduction may be asexual reproduction, in which a single organism, or part of it, divides by mitosis to produce a new organism that is genetically identical to the parent. Animals, however, and also pla ...
Molecular Evolution of Overlapping Genes
... Overlapping genes are defined as a pair of protein-coding genes whose coding regions overlap on either the same strand or on the opposite strand. The sequence interdependence between two overlapping coding regions adds complexity to almost all molecular evolution analyses. Here, I use a comparative- ...
... Overlapping genes are defined as a pair of protein-coding genes whose coding regions overlap on either the same strand or on the opposite strand. The sequence interdependence between two overlapping coding regions adds complexity to almost all molecular evolution analyses. Here, I use a comparative- ...
Extrapolation to the whole human genome
... density for both processed and non-processed pseudogenes relative to the gene density is near the centromeres (in the first 5 Mb; difference in density, D > 0.10; Figure 5). The most notable excess in gene density relative to the pseudogene density is at the telomere of chromosome 21, where there a ...
... density for both processed and non-processed pseudogenes relative to the gene density is near the centromeres (in the first 5 Mb; difference in density, D > 0.10; Figure 5). The most notable excess in gene density relative to the pseudogene density is at the telomere of chromosome 21, where there a ...
Chapter 21
... Replication of a strand transfer complex generates a cointegrate, which is a fusion of the donor and target replicons. The cointegrate has two copies of the transposon, which lie between the original replicons. Recombination between the transposon copies regenerates the original replicons, but the r ...
... Replication of a strand transfer complex generates a cointegrate, which is a fusion of the donor and target replicons. The cointegrate has two copies of the transposon, which lie between the original replicons. Recombination between the transposon copies regenerates the original replicons, but the r ...
Cytology of Genetics
... 2. Crossing-over between non-sister chromatids - or recombination Prophase I: with synapsis of homologous chromosomes there is the potential for exchange of DNA between non-sister chromatids. For a difference to be observed the nonsister chromatids must vary slightly for the DNA sequence of a g ...
... 2. Crossing-over between non-sister chromatids - or recombination Prophase I: with synapsis of homologous chromosomes there is the potential for exchange of DNA between non-sister chromatids. For a difference to be observed the nonsister chromatids must vary slightly for the DNA sequence of a g ...
Genetics of anxiety disorders: the complex road from DSM to DNA
... specific variants for which the same allele has been associated with a given anxiety disorders in more than one study at a statistical threshold of Pr.01. Candidate gene studies of gene–environment interaction have begun to appear, but this remains an under-utilized strategy for genetic studies of a ...
... specific variants for which the same allele has been associated with a given anxiety disorders in more than one study at a statistical threshold of Pr.01. Candidate gene studies of gene–environment interaction have begun to appear, but this remains an under-utilized strategy for genetic studies of a ...
QTLs - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... • Segregation distortion was detected due to intentional selection at BC1, and to naturally detrimental allelic combinations in the population. • 26% of positive effect QTL were from PN. • 45% OF QTL found colocalize with previously found QTL • Significant QTL for many of the 25 traits were identifi ...
... • Segregation distortion was detected due to intentional selection at BC1, and to naturally detrimental allelic combinations in the population. • 26% of positive effect QTL were from PN. • 45% OF QTL found colocalize with previously found QTL • Significant QTL for many of the 25 traits were identifi ...
A Haploid System of Sex Determination in the Brown Alga - Hal-CEA
... it from the XY and ZW systems described above [10], exhibits specific evolutionary and genetic properties that have no exact equivalent in diploid systems. In UV systems, the female and male SDR haplotypes function in independent, haploid, male and female, individuals and consequently there is no he ...
... it from the XY and ZW systems described above [10], exhibits specific evolutionary and genetic properties that have no exact equivalent in diploid systems. In UV systems, the female and male SDR haplotypes function in independent, haploid, male and female, individuals and consequently there is no he ...
Effective transfer of chromosomes carrying leaf rust resistance
... by the function of the Ph1 gene (Riley and Chapman 1958), located on chromosome 5B(5BL), and the Ph2 gene on chromosome 3DS and 3AS (Mello-Sampayo 1971). The Chinese Spring ph1b (CSph1b) mutant genotype (Sears 1977), which lacks the Ph1 locus, has been successfully used for the introgression of alie ...
... by the function of the Ph1 gene (Riley and Chapman 1958), located on chromosome 5B(5BL), and the Ph2 gene on chromosome 3DS and 3AS (Mello-Sampayo 1971). The Chinese Spring ph1b (CSph1b) mutant genotype (Sears 1977), which lacks the Ph1 locus, has been successfully used for the introgression of alie ...
Altered cellular proliferation and mesoderm
... homeotic genes in the pertinent segments (reviewed by Paro, 1990; Bienz and Müller, 1995; Pirrotta, 1995). Loss-offunction mutations in members of the Pc-G genes result, as the expression of the segmentation genes decreases, in ectopic expression of the HOM-C genes late in embryogenesis whereas the ...
... homeotic genes in the pertinent segments (reviewed by Paro, 1990; Bienz and Müller, 1995; Pirrotta, 1995). Loss-offunction mutations in members of the Pc-G genes result, as the expression of the segmentation genes decreases, in ectopic expression of the HOM-C genes late in embryogenesis whereas the ...
VUMC team pinpoints genes that dictate five fingers
... Litingtung, Chiang, and colleagues from the University of Wisconsin reported this week in the journal Nature that two genes called Sonic hedgehog and Gli3 work together to regulate the number of digits and their identity. Mice that are missing both of these genes end up with between six and 11 digit ...
... Litingtung, Chiang, and colleagues from the University of Wisconsin reported this week in the journal Nature that two genes called Sonic hedgehog and Gli3 work together to regulate the number of digits and their identity. Mice that are missing both of these genes end up with between six and 11 digit ...
Ectocarpus
... and develop as gametophytes (each containing either a U or a V sex chromosome), which then produce gametes in plurilocular gametangia (multiple-chambered, gamete-bearing structures; Plr). Fusion of male and female gametes produces a zygote (containing both the U and the V sex chromosomes), which dev ...
... and develop as gametophytes (each containing either a U or a V sex chromosome), which then produce gametes in plurilocular gametangia (multiple-chambered, gamete-bearing structures; Plr). Fusion of male and female gametes produces a zygote (containing both the U and the V sex chromosomes), which dev ...
Compound leaves: equal to the sum of their parts?
... phenotype – the number of small intercalary leaflets is slightly reduced, which can be interpreted as a reduction in complexity (Molinero-Rosales et al., 1999). Known expression patterns of FLO/LFY orthologs in vegetative apices have been summarized recently (Busch and Gleissberg, 2003). In species ...
... phenotype – the number of small intercalary leaflets is slightly reduced, which can be interpreted as a reduction in complexity (Molinero-Rosales et al., 1999). Known expression patterns of FLO/LFY orthologs in vegetative apices have been summarized recently (Busch and Gleissberg, 2003). In species ...
Gene Codon Composition Determines Differentiation
... with an LC-100 column oven, a spectrophotometric detector with a 254-nm filter, and a Waters Chromatopac (Waters). tRNA (40 to 60 g) treated with 20% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and formic acid for 1 h was injected into a Luna 5-m C18 column prefitted with a 7-mm guard column (Phenomene). Elution w ...
... with an LC-100 column oven, a spectrophotometric detector with a 254-nm filter, and a Waters Chromatopac (Waters). tRNA (40 to 60 g) treated with 20% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and formic acid for 1 h was injected into a Luna 5-m C18 column prefitted with a 7-mm guard column (Phenomene). Elution w ...
reprint - Research
... Evolutionary theory of ageing was developed by Haldane74, Williams75 and Medawar76, who concluded that the force of natural selection declines with age. In the natural world, animals die from predation and accidents; thus, genes that confer fitness and longevity beyond the expected lifespan of a giv ...
... Evolutionary theory of ageing was developed by Haldane74, Williams75 and Medawar76, who concluded that the force of natural selection declines with age. In the natural world, animals die from predation and accidents; thus, genes that confer fitness and longevity beyond the expected lifespan of a giv ...