Reduced X-linked nucleotide polymorphism in Drosophila simulans
... First, the high nucleotide variability of its genome (21) facilitates comparisons of levels of variation from one part of the genome to another. Second, although there are fewer genetic data for D. simulans than for D. melanogaster, the available D. simulans data indicate that there is relatively li ...
... First, the high nucleotide variability of its genome (21) facilitates comparisons of levels of variation from one part of the genome to another. Second, although there are fewer genetic data for D. simulans than for D. melanogaster, the available D. simulans data indicate that there is relatively li ...
The Ethics of Reproductive Cloning
... nuclear genomes of two individuals are not combined in the same way; genetic recombination during this process occurs in a manner that does not result in a genetically unique individual. This technical and biological difference makes reproductive cloning significantly different than assisted reprodu ...
... nuclear genomes of two individuals are not combined in the same way; genetic recombination during this process occurs in a manner that does not result in a genetically unique individual. This technical and biological difference makes reproductive cloning significantly different than assisted reprodu ...
ISEcp1 pneumoniae Research Article
... method [21]. The primers for detecting TEM, SHV, CTX-M, CTX-M-3 and ISEcp1 genes are listed in Table 1. Detection of the blaTEM gene Detection of the blaTEM gene was done as reported earlier [17]. Briefly pair of primers matching the conserved sequences specific for TEM gene was used to amplify a sp ...
... method [21]. The primers for detecting TEM, SHV, CTX-M, CTX-M-3 and ISEcp1 genes are listed in Table 1. Detection of the blaTEM gene Detection of the blaTEM gene was done as reported earlier [17]. Briefly pair of primers matching the conserved sequences specific for TEM gene was used to amplify a sp ...
Adaptive Gene Expression Divergence Inferred from Population
... Detailed studies of individual genes have shown that gene expression divergence often results from adaptive evolution of regulatory sequence. Genome-wide analyses, however, have yet to unite patterns of gene expression with polymorphism and divergence to infer population genetic mechanisms underlyin ...
... Detailed studies of individual genes have shown that gene expression divergence often results from adaptive evolution of regulatory sequence. Genome-wide analyses, however, have yet to unite patterns of gene expression with polymorphism and divergence to infer population genetic mechanisms underlyin ...
The MAOA Gene Predicts Credit Card Debt ∗ London School of Economics
... majority of phenotypes are “polygenic”, meaning they are influenced by multiple genes (Mackay 2001, Plomin 2008), and are shaped by a multitude of environmental forces. As a result, simple association models between genotype and phenotype are an important first step to establish candidate genes, but ...
... majority of phenotypes are “polygenic”, meaning they are influenced by multiple genes (Mackay 2001, Plomin 2008), and are shaped by a multitude of environmental forces. As a result, simple association models between genotype and phenotype are an important first step to establish candidate genes, but ...
Neutral and Non-Neutral Evolution of Duplicated Genes with Gene
... protein sequence identity [35]. In order to explain these observations, they proposed the following hypothesis. According to their hypothesis, the ribosomal duplicates have subfunctionalized at the expression level due to mutations in the regulatory non-coding regions. Nevertheless, there is still v ...
... protein sequence identity [35]. In order to explain these observations, they proposed the following hypothesis. According to their hypothesis, the ribosomal duplicates have subfunctionalized at the expression level due to mutations in the regulatory non-coding regions. Nevertheless, there is still v ...
We need an optimality criterion to choose a best estimate (tree
... How strongly is a phylogenetic hypothesis supported by the data? Bootstrap replicates generate new data sets by randomly sampling from the actual data, with replacement. These new data sets should contain phylogenetic signal similar to that in the original data. A high percentage of replicates (75%+ ...
... How strongly is a phylogenetic hypothesis supported by the data? Bootstrap replicates generate new data sets by randomly sampling from the actual data, with replacement. These new data sets should contain phylogenetic signal similar to that in the original data. A high percentage of replicates (75%+ ...
... avian cellulitis shows that Escherichia coli is the most frequently encountered bacterium in this type of lesion. The results of the present study are consistent with the findings of other authors relative to the phenotypic resistance to antibiotics. Working with E. Coli strains isolated from airsac ...
Horizontal Gene Transfer between Bacteria
... ‘Genetic material’ refers to any fraction of the genome (DNA or RNA), usually a gene or part thereof, which can include coding and/or non-coding sequences. ‘Organism’, as used here, includes cellular organism or replication competent virus. ‘Reproduction’ refers to the generation of offspring sexual ...
... ‘Genetic material’ refers to any fraction of the genome (DNA or RNA), usually a gene or part thereof, which can include coding and/or non-coding sequences. ‘Organism’, as used here, includes cellular organism or replication competent virus. ‘Reproduction’ refers to the generation of offspring sexual ...
Structural maintenance of chromosome complexes and bone
... Bone development depends on environmental, nutritional and hormonal factors. Yet, an ordered and timed activation of genes and their associated molecular pathways are central for the growth and development of healthy bones. The correct expression of genes depends on both cis- and trans-regulatory el ...
... Bone development depends on environmental, nutritional and hormonal factors. Yet, an ordered and timed activation of genes and their associated molecular pathways are central for the growth and development of healthy bones. The correct expression of genes depends on both cis- and trans-regulatory el ...
Antibiotics involved in Clostridium difficile
... deferoxamine or subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics), measurements of cDNA (synthesized from RNA extracted from at least two independent cultures) were carried out in duplicate or triplicate for each gene. Comparison of relative expression ratios obtained from different analyses of the same ...
... deferoxamine or subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics), measurements of cDNA (synthesized from RNA extracted from at least two independent cultures) were carried out in duplicate or triplicate for each gene. Comparison of relative expression ratios obtained from different analyses of the same ...
Chapter 3
... Historically, metazoan animals were subdivided into diploblasts and triploblasts. Diploblasts have two germ layers, the endoderm and the ectoderm, while the triploblasts have a well-defined third germ layer, the mesoderm. This division is based upon the so-called germ layer concept, which has been a ...
... Historically, metazoan animals were subdivided into diploblasts and triploblasts. Diploblasts have two germ layers, the endoderm and the ectoderm, while the triploblasts have a well-defined third germ layer, the mesoderm. This division is based upon the so-called germ layer concept, which has been a ...
Combining Whole-exome and RNA-Seq Data Improves the Quality
... KRAS mutations not found in pancreatic models with high mouse stroma content (5) ...
... KRAS mutations not found in pancreatic models with high mouse stroma content (5) ...
What Size Are Your Genes?
... The identification of specific mutations or gene rearrangements of certain genes are being developed as medical diagnostic tests to detect predisposition of disease states. Size determination of DNA fragments and genes are also essential for genetic engineering and DNA technology-based experiments. Ad ...
... The identification of specific mutations or gene rearrangements of certain genes are being developed as medical diagnostic tests to detect predisposition of disease states. Size determination of DNA fragments and genes are also essential for genetic engineering and DNA technology-based experiments. Ad ...
Variations on a theme: Genomics of sex
... avian W; in contrast to this, sex chromosomes in fish, if present at all, are often homomorphic and differentiation is not detectable by karyotyping [2]. Overall, fish show frequent turnover of sex-determining systems [5], which stands in sharp contrast to other vertebrate clades, especially to bird ...
... avian W; in contrast to this, sex chromosomes in fish, if present at all, are often homomorphic and differentiation is not detectable by karyotyping [2]. Overall, fish show frequent turnover of sex-determining systems [5], which stands in sharp contrast to other vertebrate clades, especially to bird ...
bio chapter 10
... The first generation • Mendel selected a six-foot-tall pea plant that came from a population of pea plants, all of which were over six feet tall. • He cross-pollinated this tall pea plant with pollen from a short pea plant. • All of the offspring grew to be as tall as the taller parent. ...
... The first generation • Mendel selected a six-foot-tall pea plant that came from a population of pea plants, all of which were over six feet tall. • He cross-pollinated this tall pea plant with pollen from a short pea plant. • All of the offspring grew to be as tall as the taller parent. ...
manuscript pdf
... fourth-whorl carpels into stamens. Whereas the first emerging flowers were phenotypically similar to wild-type flowers, each successive flower displayed a stronger homeotic transformation than did the previous one. Figure 1 shows wild-type flowers and flowers with a typical Tdef phenotype from plant ...
... fourth-whorl carpels into stamens. Whereas the first emerging flowers were phenotypically similar to wild-type flowers, each successive flower displayed a stronger homeotic transformation than did the previous one. Figure 1 shows wild-type flowers and flowers with a typical Tdef phenotype from plant ...
Student - Integrated Biology and Skills for Success in Science (IB3S)
... Mendel grew up on a farm helping his father, and learned personality traits did Mendel have skills like breeding and grafting plants and trees. Then in high that helped him to do his experiment? school and college he studied math and science and learned strong critical thinking skills and good exper ...
... Mendel grew up on a farm helping his father, and learned personality traits did Mendel have skills like breeding and grafting plants and trees. Then in high that helped him to do his experiment? school and college he studied math and science and learned strong critical thinking skills and good exper ...
hered master 4..hered 285 .. Page78
... The pentaploid hybrid between L. multiflorum (Lm) (2n = 4x = 28)ÅF. arundinacea (Fa) (2n = 6x = 42) used for anther culture was produced as described by Humphreys (1989), and has a genomic constitution of LmLmFpFgFg1 (Fp = F. pratensis, FgFg1 = F. glaucescens). The two homologous chromosomes of Lm a ...
... The pentaploid hybrid between L. multiflorum (Lm) (2n = 4x = 28)ÅF. arundinacea (Fa) (2n = 6x = 42) used for anther culture was produced as described by Humphreys (1989), and has a genomic constitution of LmLmFpFgFg1 (Fp = F. pratensis, FgFg1 = F. glaucescens). The two homologous chromosomes of Lm a ...
A Genome-Wide Survey of the NAC Transcription
... To determine the phylogenetic relationships of the NAC family genes in rice and citrus, a multiple sequence alignment was performed using amino acid sequences in the NAC domain. This analysis revealed that those amino acid residues which might be involved in some form of physical contact with DNA ar ...
... To determine the phylogenetic relationships of the NAC family genes in rice and citrus, a multiple sequence alignment was performed using amino acid sequences in the NAC domain. This analysis revealed that those amino acid residues which might be involved in some form of physical contact with DNA ar ...
heredity and variation
... It is obvious that heredity is never absolute;. resemblances are never quite perfect. Among the progeny of certain wheat plants appear one or a few not quite the same as the parent, but markedly superior. From these descend a new variety. which represents so great an improvement that it soon displac ...
... It is obvious that heredity is never absolute;. resemblances are never quite perfect. Among the progeny of certain wheat plants appear one or a few not quite the same as the parent, but markedly superior. From these descend a new variety. which represents so great an improvement that it soon displac ...
310 - aaabg
... Sub-vital performance is a phenotype in which some pure white Swakara sheep die within 48 hours of birth. Postmortem of sub-vital lambs have shown underdeveloped digestive organs. It is hypothesized that due to high levels of inbreeding, Swakara sheep carry a recessive mutation that affects some of ...
... Sub-vital performance is a phenotype in which some pure white Swakara sheep die within 48 hours of birth. Postmortem of sub-vital lambs have shown underdeveloped digestive organs. It is hypothesized that due to high levels of inbreeding, Swakara sheep carry a recessive mutation that affects some of ...
Specification of floral organs in Arabidopsis
... to the proposal of a modified model for floral organ identity specification, which appears more universally applicable than the original ABC model (Causier et al., 2010). This new model, termed (A)BC (Fig. 1C), is based on the idea that A as well as E function genes [referred together as ‘(A)’ funct ...
... to the proposal of a modified model for floral organ identity specification, which appears more universally applicable than the original ABC model (Causier et al., 2010). This new model, termed (A)BC (Fig. 1C), is based on the idea that A as well as E function genes [referred together as ‘(A)’ funct ...
A Genome Scan for Eye Color in 502 Twin Families: Most Variation
... which scan contained the “correct” genotypes, it was decided not to merge data from these markers. Instead, we included data from both scans in the analysis, with the markers separated by an arbitrarily small distance (0.2 cM), the rationale being that any serious errors would be detected as “double ...
... which scan contained the “correct” genotypes, it was decided not to merge data from these markers. Instead, we included data from both scans in the analysis, with the markers separated by an arbitrarily small distance (0.2 cM), the rationale being that any serious errors would be detected as “double ...