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Genes and Genetic Testing in Hereditary Ataxias
Genes and Genetic Testing in Hereditary Ataxias

... less than 2 to over 100 fold, depending on the gene. The most common repeat expansions are CAG expansions. As CAG encodes glutamine, these are also referred to as a polyglutamine or polyQ repeats, as these repeats form strings of glutamines (Q) in the coding region. There are currently seven known A ...
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... backcrossing. The presence and segregation of the genes can be determined from infection types in F2 or BCF 2 populations (Kolmer, 1996). Determining the presence of genes in lines where more than one gene is present is, however, not always possible. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is the indirect s ...
Ancient origins: complement in invertebrates
Ancient origins: complement in invertebrates

... tunicates have collagenous lectins of the type that can activate complement in the absence of antibodies. This suggests that the core components of the complement system evolved before antibodies, which first appear in jawed fish. Key words: C3; collectins; complement; invertebrate immune systems; T ...
Genetics - Michael
Genetics - Michael

... with an expanding human population. The science of genetics is also beginning to provide some answers to long-debated questions on human evolution. Through an improvement of techniques, scientists are now able to extract DNA from our extinct relatives, including the Neanderthals. By comparing this D ...
Deciphering the developmental program in the ascidian
Deciphering the developmental program in the ascidian

... the overall GRN (Fig. 1). Living organisms tend to exclude wastefulness from their genomes. Consequently, a paradoxical phenomenon might emerge: genes that are more critical for development might show fewer abnormalities than less important genes when they are knocked out because of functional redun ...
The genetics of deafness - Archives of Disease in Childhood
The genetics of deafness - Archives of Disease in Childhood

... Although between 70-85% of non-syndromic genetic deafness is thought to be due to autosomal recessive inheritance,3 ' it is known that all autosomal recessive deafness cannot be explained on the basis of mutations at a single gene locus. This conclusion is based on the observation that couples with ...
Disintegrin, hemorrhagic, and proteolytic activities of Mohave
Disintegrin, hemorrhagic, and proteolytic activities of Mohave

... mg/kg). Both subunits must be present to produce Mojave toxin, which can increase the venom toxicity significantly. Although specimens of C. s. scutulatus sampled throughout the majority of its range contain Mojave toxin, there are populations in central Arizona that do not express the neurotoxic co ...
Identification of a Substituted Chromosome Pair in a Triticum
Identification of a Substituted Chromosome Pair in a Triticum

... random. At metaphase I, regularly 21 11 were obtained. Out of the 150 cells examined at diakinesis and metaphase I from 6 different plants, only 2 cells failed to show the normal configuration of 21". Both of these cells had 20" and 2 1• The association between the homologous chromosomes appeared to ...
Article Genetic Signatures Reveal High-Altitude
Article Genetic Signatures Reveal High-Altitude

... small divergence time. Therefore, we expect the signal of positive selection to remain detectable in the populations considered here, even if their current environment does not expose them to such extreme selection pressure. Both the Amhara and Tigray populations share the same Semitic language grou ...
Rosana Segovia HGT - Repositorio Digital USFQ
Rosana Segovia HGT - Repositorio Digital USFQ

... that are capable of capturing additional gene cassettes. These gene cassettes are promoterless mobile elements made up of a gene-coding region that usually encodes for antibiotic resistance genes, such as ß-lactamase and acetyl transferases. Gene cassettes may also encode for genes that protect bact ...
A natural chimeric yeast containing genetic material from three species
A natural chimeric yeast containing genetic material from three species

... be found among S. paradoxus-like and\or Saccharomyces sp. IFO 1802-like yeasts. However, the degree of polymorphy within these two genes was too low to obtain a more precise answer. To confirm further the origin of the CID1 mtDNA, the mitochondrial SSU gene was sequenced from several yeasts. The com ...
Quantitative genetics of gene expression during fruit fly - EMBL-EBI
Quantitative genetics of gene expression during fruit fly - EMBL-EBI

... different levels of gene expression, called expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). Because of the large amount of data that is required for such high-resolution eQTL studies, most of them have so far been carried out in humans, where the cost of data collection could be justified by a possible f ...
Genetics and Personality
Genetics and Personality

Evolution of the Actin Gene Family in Testate Lobose Amoebae
Evolution of the Actin Gene Family in Testate Lobose Amoebae

... Analyses of the resulting sequences reveal numerous diverse actin genes, which differ mostly by synonymous substitutions. We estimate that the actin gene family contains 40–50 paralogous members in each lineage. None of the three independent lineages share the same paralog with another, and divergen ...
Sager JJ, Bai Q, Burton EA
Sager JJ, Bai Q, Burton EA

... Disruption of E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in immature zebrafish mind bomb mutants leads to a failure in Notch signaling, excessive numbers of neurons, and depletion of neural progenitor cells. This neurogenic phenotype is associated with defects in neural patterning and brain development. Because d ...
Exceptionally high levels of recombination
Exceptionally high levels of recombination

... [Supplemental material is available online at www.genome.org. The sequence data from this study have been submitted to dbGSS under accession nos. 15028937–15029063.] Sex is believed to have evolved as a mechanism to break apart and recombine genetic material (Michod and Levin 1988). The exchange of ...
human genome research
human genome research

... Completion of this project will represent a remarkable achievement, especially considering that the first DNA sequencing methods were not developed until the 1970s. Such detailed knowledge of the human genome will open up new areas of research in basic biology, biomedicine, biotechnology and health ...
Selective Crossover in Genetic Algorithms: An Empirical Study
Selective Crossover in Genetic Algorithms: An Empirical Study

... On initialisation the dominance values are randomly generated, as is the population, but are restricted to be in the range [0,1]. By doing this we are allowing the GA to explore the search space by evolving the dominance values – to determine and promote those genes which are considered fit. ‘Child ...
PPTX - Bioinformatics.ca
PPTX - Bioinformatics.ca

... How does Segway work? • Goal is to segment the genome into sub-classes. In each case, the tools identify certain data properties that subsets of the genome. Based on the groupings, the presence of known features (e.g. transcription start regions) is scored to suggest the functional meaning of the c ...
Import of genetically modified carnation `Moonaqua`
Import of genetically modified carnation `Moonaqua`

... by these genes do not share homology with known toxins or antigens. Molecular analysis The COGEM notes that a tetracycline resistance gene is present in the backbone sequence of the vector used in the transformation process. This gene confers resistance to the antibiotic tetracycline and was used in ...
Suppressors of Yeast Actin Mutations.
Suppressors of Yeast Actin Mutations.

... by the very poor transformation efficiency characteristic of the sac2 mutants. The library was first introduced into a karl strain (DBY1710: MATa karl-Z ura3-52 his3) that has a high frequency of transformation. The plasmids were then transferred to a sac2-Z strain (PNY39-10A: MATa sac2-1 ura3-52 ca ...
Chapter 1.
Chapter 1.

... The AFLP technique can be used for DNAs of any organ or complexity. Fingerprints are produced without prior sequence knowledge using a limited set of genetic primers. The number of fragments detected in a single reaction can be tuned by selection of a specific primer set. The AFLP technique is robus ...
Biotechnology Timeline
Biotechnology Timeline

... genetically engineered life forms. ...
Natural Variation in Sensitivity to a Loss of Chloroplast Translation in
Natural Variation in Sensitivity to a Loss of Chloroplast Translation in

... dominant Tsu-0 suppressor unlinked to the EMB locus should enable 75% of the mutant seeds in siliques of selfed F1 heterozygotes to reach a later stage of development. In addition, three classes of F2 heterozygotes are expected in the next generation: those with a late seed phenotype, those with an ...
Gene Section EXT2 (exostoses (multiple) 2) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Gene Section EXT2 (exostoses (multiple) 2) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... Location: 11p11-p12 ...
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Minimal genome

The concept of minimal genome assumes that genomes can be reduced to a bare minimum, given that they contain many non-essential genes of limited or situational importance to the organism. Therefore, if a collection of all the essential genes were put together, a minimum genome could be created artificially in a stable environment. By adding more genes, the creation of an organism of desired properties is possible. The concept of minimal genome arose from the observations that many genes do not appear to be necessary for survival. In order to create a new organism a scientist must determine the minimal set of genes required for metabolism and replication. This can be achieved by experimental and computational analysis of the biochemical pathways needed to carry out basic metabolism and reproduction. A good model for a minimal genome is Mycoplasma genitalium, the organism with the smallest known genome. Most genes that are used by this organism are usually considered essential for survival; based on this concept a minimal set of 256 genes has been proposed.
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