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The Frequency Distribution of Nucleotide Variation in Drosophila
The Frequency Distribution of Nucleotide Variation in Drosophila

... 0.11). This dependence of the statistical results on period data could be indicative of locus effects or could be attributable to reduced power associated with removal of a large amount of data from the analysis. The conclusion of roughly equal numbers of preferred and unpreferred fixations is based ...
Creative Activities in Music – A Genome
Creative Activities in Music – A Genome

... various theoretical foundations (for a review, see Pohjannoro [9]). However, to our knowledge there are no widely used tests to measure compositional activities even though measures of musical creativity exist (e.g. Gordon [10]; Wang [11]; Webster [12]). These measures have different kinds of activi ...
Traversing the conceptual divide between biological and
Traversing the conceptual divide between biological and

... bristle numbers. Genetic studies with wild-type and mutant Drosophila confirm the interaction. The study by Bondos et al.(19) illustrates how powerful the yeast two-hybrid system is for identifying proteins that interact with a protein of interest. However, the two-hybrid system can also be used on ...
Progress and promise in understanding the genetic
Progress and promise in understanding the genetic

... Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, 1 South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TG, UK Susceptibility to common human diseases is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The explosive growth of genetic data, and the knowledge that it is generating, are transforming our biological under ...
Graph Summarization in Annotated Data Using
Graph Summarization in Annotated Data Using

... our goals for graph summarization. We also use this domain for our experimental evaluation in Section 6. The graph represents gene annotation data for the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana, which originates in The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR).3 Each gene in TAIR is annotated with terms ...
Habituation, sensitization and Pavlovian conditioning
Habituation, sensitization and Pavlovian conditioning

... food deprivation, 60% of flies were completely non-responsive to 600 mM sucrose, as if it was not there. At 4 hours of food deprivation, less than 20% of the flies remained non-responsive, whereas 40% of the flies failed to show habituation, and continued to respond as if there was nothing else but ...
Adaptive Gene Expression Divergence Inferred from Population
Adaptive Gene Expression Divergence Inferred from Population

... data from D. melanogaster [12] and D. yakuba [11]. These data allow us to polarize both expression and sequence evolution to particular lineages. Additionally, we used the sequence data to mask expression probes (which were developed using the D. melanogaster reference) with sequence mismatches in D ...
Natural Selection Worksheet
Natural Selection Worksheet

... Type your name on this page, then click “save as” Peppered Moths. You will print and hand in this page when you are done. No writing is necessary. Click this Link: http://www.techapps.net/interactives/pepperMoths.swf Directions: Click “Pollution and Peppered Moths”  read the information and click t ...
$doc.title

... which the first was identified when working with yellow rust (Biffen, 1905). Several resistance genes that are effective against the leaf, stem and yellow rust pathogens, have been designated. The gene of importance for this study is leaf rust resistance gene Lr37, which maps to chromosome 2AS (Bari ...
Assessing homology at different levels of the biological hierarchy
Assessing homology at different levels of the biological hierarchy

... Much of the discussion about homology in the past has been mired in semantics. I hope that, along with David Wake (1994) we can agree that homology is "the central concept for all of Biology" and move on. Despite the importance of homology as the "hierarchical basis of comparative biology" (the sub ...
Patterns of gene action in plant development revealed by enhancer
Patterns of gene action in plant development revealed by enhancer

... McClintock's investigations on alterations in the patterns of "gene action" in maize kernels led to the discovery of transposable elements (McClintock 1950). Subsequently, transposable elements have been found in almost all organisms examined and are believed to constitute a major agent for the gene ...
unit cover page - Bremen High School District 228
unit cover page - Bremen High School District 228

... Students will understand that sexual reproduction is the result of independent events in which traits are inherited from parents in a predictable manner based on probability. genes, which are located on chromosomes, are composed of segments of DNA which control inherited traits. individuals receive ...
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document

... How did this mutation influence the diet of those people who inherited this trait? 2) Describe, through the process of natural selection, how the lactase gene was favored in some societies. ...
White Paper: DMET™ Plus allele translation
White Paper: DMET™ Plus allele translation

... across markers of interest  Phenotype report – contains the predicted phenotype for some genes in the test samples  Uncalled report – a template that may be used to replace missing data The data is saved to user-defined folders in tab-delimited files, where they can be imported into external datab ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • The search for markers will continue • The bovine gene map will accelerate the search for and the rate of discovery of genetic markers • BIF is facing a developmental effort to use these DNA technologies that may rival the implementation of BLUP EPDs • The BIF Guidelines are going to get ...
Genetics: Mendelian Genetics Patterns of Inheritance
Genetics: Mendelian Genetics Patterns of Inheritance

... Some people can roll their tongues, other cannot. Some people have attached earlobes, others have free earlobes. The genes that influence these traits are inherited independently. As a result, some people who can roll their tongues also have attached earlobes, while other tongue rollers have detach ...
INBREEDING IN HOLSTEIN CATTLE:
INBREEDING IN HOLSTEIN CATTLE:

... In the near future the technique of genomic selection can play an important role in avoiding the negative aspects of inbreeding. The role of genomic selection will differ: a. It can give more genetic improvement at the same level of inbreeding, compared with more traditional selection; b. It offers ...
Non-coding-regulatory regions of human brain genes delineated by
Non-coding-regulatory regions of human brain genes delineated by

... disease, were omitted from Pleiades MiniPromoter development because they either had regulatory regions that were too large, too numerous candidate regulatory regions, or multiple TSS. For these genes, the Pleiades Promoter Project designed MaxiPromoters as an alternative [6]. A MaxiPromoter consist ...
Chronic Administration of Statins Alters Multiple Gene Expression
Chronic Administration of Statins Alters Multiple Gene Expression

... used to select candidate genes for further analysis: 1) gene expression was rated as “present” by specific Affymetrix criteria; 2) hybridization levels were rated as “changed” by specific Affymetrix criteria; and 3) there was ⱖ1.8-fold difference in hybridization intensity/ average differences and s ...
Hox, ParaHox, ProtoHox: facts and guesses
Hox, ParaHox, ProtoHox: facts and guesses

... newly acquired antero-posterior axis of Bilaterians, in contrast to the early two-gene clusters of Cnidarians. Intermediate hypotheses can also be advanced, for example, a ProtoHox cluster with three genes (Anterior, Group3 and Posterior). In this case, Cnidarians would have lost PG3 and Xlox, and t ...
Imagination in the Deliberation Process
Imagination in the Deliberation Process

... critique or even reversal of the Humean Folk model. While the latter assumes “resources” and “guides” or means and ends as causal or logical antecedents in the formation of agency, Dewey understand such distinctions as instrumental operations the agent performs during her course of agency. The logic ...
Distinct functions of two olfactory marker protein genes derived from
Distinct functions of two olfactory marker protein genes derived from

... new functions (neofunctionalization) [2, 3]. Alternatively, subfunctionalization is observed especially as a result of WGD. In subfunctionalization, both paralogs are functional, but each paralog undergoes a complementary reduction and specialization in its expression pattern because of the mutation ...
Genetic mechanisms behind cell specification Drosophila Magnus Baumgardt
Genetic mechanisms behind cell specification Drosophila Magnus Baumgardt

... significant advancements in our understanding of how a functional nervous system is built. The explanation for this is simple. As can be seen from the ‘fundamental question’ outlined above, a hallmark of nervous system development is precision, and this precision is ultimately controlled on the mole ...
chapter 13 meiosis and sexual life cycles
chapter 13 meiosis and sexual life cycles

... they expect—compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis; describe the events of prophase I—give them problems that require them to reason about the process of meiosis. State specific combinations of alleles in daughter cells and ask students to explain the steps that would produce each combination. Suc ...
Mice homozygous for a targeted disruption of Hoxd-3
Mice homozygous for a targeted disruption of Hoxd-3

... Fig. 4. Homeotic transformation of the atlas and axis vertebrae in Hoxd-3 mutant newborns. The skeletons were stained with alizarin red and alcian blue and cleared by treatment with alkali and trypsin. (A) A ventral view of the wild-type (+/+) craniocervical junction. (B) Ventral view of the same sk ...
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Biology and consumer behaviour

Consumer behaviour is the study of the motivations surrounding a purchase of a product or service. It has been linked to the field of psychology, sociology and economics in attempts to analyse when, why, where and how people purchase in the way that they do. However, little literature has considered the link between our consumption behaviour and the basics of our being, our biology. Segmentation by biological driven demographics such as sex and age are already popular and pervasive in marketing. As more knowledge and research is known, targeting based on a consumers biology is of growing interest and use to marketers.As human machines being made up of cells controlled by our brain to influence aspects of our behaviour, there must be some influence of biology on our consumer behaviour and how we purchase as well. The nature versus nurture debate is at the core of how much biology influences these buying decisions, because it argues the extent to which biological factors influence what we do, and how much is reflected through environmental factors. Neuromarketing is of interest to marketers in measuring the reaction of stimulus to marketing. Even though we know there is a reaction, the question of why we consume the way we do still lingers, but it is a step in the right direction. Biology helps to understand consumer behaviour as it influences consumption and aids in the measurement of it.Lawson and Wooliscroft (2004) drew the link between human nature and the marketing concept, not explicitly biology, where they considered the contrasting views of Hobbes and Rousseau on mankind. Hobbes believed man had a self-serving nature whereas Rousseau was more forgiving towards the nature of man, suggesting them to be noble and dignified. Hobbes saw the need for a governing intermediary to control this selfish nature which provided a basis for the exchange theory, and also links to Mcgregor’s Theory of X and Y, relevant to management literature. He also considered cooperation and competition, relevant to game theory as an explanation of man’s motives and can be used for understanding the exercising of power in marketing channels. Pinker outlines why the nature debate has been suppressed by the nurture debate in his book The Blank Slate.
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