LIN1180 Semantics
... If at time t something is said that presupposes p, but p is not presupposed (not in common ground), then, all other things being equal, p is introduced in the common ground. ...
... If at time t something is said that presupposes p, but p is not presupposed (not in common ground), then, all other things being equal, p is introduced in the common ground. ...
A case of focal adverb preposing in French
... ‘Dammit but how does she do it?’ … ainsi était-ce __ que commentait Kumiko sur ce qu’elle avait vu. … in this way was it that commented Kumiko on that what she had seen ‘It was in this way that Kumiko commented on what she had seen.’ (http://dragonball-evolution.forumactif.com) We thus argue that [f ...
... ‘Dammit but how does she do it?’ … ainsi était-ce __ que commentait Kumiko sur ce qu’elle avait vu. … in this way was it that commented Kumiko on that what she had seen ‘It was in this way that Kumiko commented on what she had seen.’ (http://dragonball-evolution.forumactif.com) We thus argue that [f ...
The Essential Handbook For Business Writing
... Inappropriate Letter of Refusal........................................100 Appropriate Letter of Refusal...........................................101 Letter of Appreciation.......................................................103 The E-Mail Message.................................................. ...
... Inappropriate Letter of Refusal........................................100 Appropriate Letter of Refusal...........................................101 Letter of Appreciation.......................................................103 The E-Mail Message.................................................. ...
ParseTalk about Sentence- and Text
... Speaking in terms of dependency structure representations, the head always precedes and, thus, (transitively) governs its associated modifiers in the dependency tree. This basic notion of government must be further refined for the description of anaphoric relations in dependency trees (we do not cla ...
... Speaking in terms of dependency structure representations, the head always precedes and, thus, (transitively) governs its associated modifiers in the dependency tree. This basic notion of government must be further refined for the description of anaphoric relations in dependency trees (we do not cla ...
Child language acquisition: Why Universal
... A problem facing both Mintz’s (2003) and Pinker’s (1984) proposals is that they include no mechanisms for linking distributionally-defined clusters to the other innate categories that are generally assumed as a necessary part of UG, such as DETERMINER, WH-WORD, AUXILIARY and PRONOUN. Pinker (1984: 1 ...
... A problem facing both Mintz’s (2003) and Pinker’s (1984) proposals is that they include no mechanisms for linking distributionally-defined clusters to the other innate categories that are generally assumed as a necessary part of UG, such as DETERMINER, WH-WORD, AUXILIARY and PRONOUN. Pinker (1984: 1 ...
The role of discourse context in the processing of a flexible word
... The existence of word order flexibility raises questions about the relations between the different word orders that are possible in a language. On an intuitive level, native speakers often feel that one of the orders is the basic, ‘default’ order, while the other orders are perceived to be somehow m ...
... The existence of word order flexibility raises questions about the relations between the different word orders that are possible in a language. On an intuitive level, native speakers often feel that one of the orders is the basic, ‘default’ order, while the other orders are perceived to be somehow m ...
Compound-Complex Sentence
... I planned to go to the hockey game, but I couldn’t get tickets. Dorothy likes white water rafting, but she also enjoys kayaking. There are many problems to solve before this program can be used, but engineers believe that they will be able to solve them soon. ...
... I planned to go to the hockey game, but I couldn’t get tickets. Dorothy likes white water rafting, but she also enjoys kayaking. There are many problems to solve before this program can be used, but engineers believe that they will be able to solve them soon. ...
Learning English
... or more vowels， for example the word ‘loud’ contains one syllable， which contains two vowels and one vowel sound。 These vowels are ‘ou’。In another example the word ‘cat’ contains one syllable and one vowel， which is ‘a’。 The last two examples had only one syllable， but in English most words have mor ...
... or more vowels， for example the word ‘loud’ contains one syllable， which contains two vowels and one vowel sound。 These vowels are ‘ou’。In another example the word ‘cat’ contains one syllable and one vowel， which is ‘a’。 The last two examples had only one syllable， but in English most words have mor ...
Subjectification, syntax, and communication. In
... with distinctions between different construals of the notion of Subjectification (important äs the issue may be), but rather Start from what they have in common. I will try to show that an approach in terms of Subjectification supplies us with a coherent conceptual framework for an integrated descri ...
... with distinctions between different construals of the notion of Subjectification (important äs the issue may be), but rather Start from what they have in common. I will try to show that an approach in terms of Subjectification supplies us with a coherent conceptual framework for an integrated descri ...
Let`s go look at usage: A constructional approach to
... b. *She goes visits her friends throughout the year. c. *He went ate at that restaurant yesterday. ...
... b. *She goes visits her friends throughout the year. c. *He went ate at that restaurant yesterday. ...
Compositionality Part 1: Basic ideas and definitions
... The compositionality principle, in its most general form, can be expressed as follows: The meaning of an expression is a function of the meanings of its parts and the way they are syntactically combined. The principle is usually attributed to Frege, and is often called ‘Frege’s principle’ . . . In i ...
... The compositionality principle, in its most general form, can be expressed as follows: The meaning of an expression is a function of the meanings of its parts and the way they are syntactically combined. The principle is usually attributed to Frege, and is often called ‘Frege’s principle’ . . . In i ...
Unit 3 - Adverbial Clauses
... The concept of “palimpsest patterns” is, to my knowledge, unique to KISS grammar. Every grammar book I have seen gives an incomplete list of “linking” verbs, a list that does not account for sentences such as “the gates groaned open” from Mary Renault’s The King Must Die. Once one understands the pa ...
... The concept of “palimpsest patterns” is, to my knowledge, unique to KISS grammar. Every grammar book I have seen gives an incomplete list of “linking” verbs, a list that does not account for sentences such as “the gates groaned open” from Mary Renault’s The King Must Die. Once one understands the pa ...
12. Infinitive Phrase Practice
... Infinitive Phrase = to + verb + all of its accompaniments Like a verb, an infinitive ...
... Infinitive Phrase = to + verb + all of its accompaniments Like a verb, an infinitive ...
Peak to Peak Writer`s Handbook
... Develop an effective thesis that directly relates to the question/ prompt. Jot notes on the topic sentences (i.e. paragraphs you will develop) that will best support your thesis. Use a line diagram if you wish. Make a note of what kind of voice (i.e. what tone) you want to use in this piece of ...
... Develop an effective thesis that directly relates to the question/ prompt. Jot notes on the topic sentences (i.e. paragraphs you will develop) that will best support your thesis. Use a line diagram if you wish. Make a note of what kind of voice (i.e. what tone) you want to use in this piece of ...
Narrative writing marking guide
... hard-done by – technical: resuscitated – formal: To what do I owe this honour? – colloquial language for characters’ speech: Watcha doin? – alliteration: … completely captivating cat called Clarence – effective personification … the wind clutched at her hair ...
... hard-done by – technical: resuscitated – formal: To what do I owe this honour? – colloquial language for characters’ speech: Watcha doin? – alliteration: … completely captivating cat called Clarence – effective personification … the wind clutched at her hair ...
5.34 MB - S
... w h ereas (5b) is awkward because the generic subject is followed by a non-generic verbal expression (due to the perfection -ess) . In (5c) the genericalness is intact even though the verb is followed by -T E. The speaker' s confirmation of the generic proposition in (5c) is another piece of evidenc ...
... w h ereas (5b) is awkward because the generic subject is followed by a non-generic verbal expression (due to the perfection -ess) . In (5c) the genericalness is intact even though the verb is followed by -T E. The speaker' s confirmation of the generic proposition in (5c) is another piece of evidenc ...
Version 1 - Rutgers Optimality Archive
... This paper discusses a family of restrictions on syntactic extraction, socalled wh-islands. The analysis will be based on the OT syntax model developed in Vogel (2004a,b) which focuses on the correspondence between semantic, syntactic and phonological representations, in the spirit of work by Jacken ...
... This paper discusses a family of restrictions on syntactic extraction, socalled wh-islands. The analysis will be based on the OT syntax model developed in Vogel (2004a,b) which focuses on the correspondence between semantic, syntactic and phonological representations, in the spirit of work by Jacken ...
comprehension and recall of sentences
... Experiment lla.—Eight undergraduate 5"s were assigned to the disambiguation condition and eight 5"s to the spelling condition. The material was 30 declarative sentences of the following form: article, concrete noun, verb, article, adjective, concrete noun. All sentences contained an ambiguous word; ...
... Experiment lla.—Eight undergraduate 5"s were assigned to the disambiguation condition and eight 5"s to the spelling condition. The material was 30 declarative sentences of the following form: article, concrete noun, verb, article, adjective, concrete noun. All sentences contained an ambiguous word; ...
Verb Phrase Ellipsis in Japanese - DUO
... Phrase ellipsis (from here: VPE1) in Japanese. While latching on to some major theories, it does not argue for or against any ‗greater truths‘ except that of cohesion and coherence. And while taking into account newly found evidence and discussing the most important issues concerning studies of ell ...
... Phrase ellipsis (from here: VPE1) in Japanese. While latching on to some major theories, it does not argue for or against any ‗greater truths‘ except that of cohesion and coherence. And while taking into account newly found evidence and discussing the most important issues concerning studies of ell ...
Talbanken05: A Swedish Treebank with Phrase Structure and
... Lund and contains close to 300,000 words of both written and spoken Swedish, manually annotated with partial phrase structure and grammatical functions according to the MAMBA scheme (Teleman, 1974), and was a very impressive achievement at the time of its creation. However, by modern standards it is ...
... Lund and contains close to 300,000 words of both written and spoken Swedish, manually annotated with partial phrase structure and grammatical functions according to the MAMBA scheme (Teleman, 1974), and was a very impressive achievement at the time of its creation. However, by modern standards it is ...
Cognitive linguistics and language structure
... Assumption as other cognitive theories. Moreover, it has been heavily influenced by the work of other cognitive linguists, such as Lakoff’s work (mentioned earlier) on prototypes, Langacker’s analyses of construal in languages such as Cora (Casad and Langacker 1985), Fillmore’s analyses of English l ...
... Assumption as other cognitive theories. Moreover, it has been heavily influenced by the work of other cognitive linguists, such as Lakoff’s work (mentioned earlier) on prototypes, Langacker’s analyses of construal in languages such as Cora (Casad and Langacker 1985), Fillmore’s analyses of English l ...
Structuring information in discourse: the explicit/implicit
... (ii) Five case studies that are thematically, theoretically and/or methodologically related to one or more of the keynote papers listed in (i). These case studies also widen the perspective somewhat: one paper presenting a unified context-dependent semantics for the conjunct adverb doch (Elena K ...
... (ii) Five case studies that are thematically, theoretically and/or methodologically related to one or more of the keynote papers listed in (i). These case studies also widen the perspective somewhat: one paper presenting a unified context-dependent semantics for the conjunct adverb doch (Elena K ...
Constructing grammatical meaning
... The material thus presents interesting observations with respect to simple iconic correlations between relative bulk and predictability/familiarity as they have been applied in the semantically based accounts of Russian (Haiman 1983, Kemmer 1993), and it also speaks to Kemmer’s typology of reflexives ...
... The material thus presents interesting observations with respect to simple iconic correlations between relative bulk and predictability/familiarity as they have been applied in the semantically based accounts of Russian (Haiman 1983, Kemmer 1993), and it also speaks to Kemmer’s typology of reflexives ...
PSSA Review - Belle Vernon Area
... value beyond simple entertainment. (2) While earlier studies suggested that certain types of video games increase creativity in players, a new study offers even more evidence that playing video games can be beneficial. (3) This study showed something surprising it revealed that some video game playe ...
... value beyond simple entertainment. (2) While earlier studies suggested that certain types of video games increase creativity in players, a new study offers even more evidence that playing video games can be beneficial. (3) This study showed something surprising it revealed that some video game playe ...
Focus (linguistics)
Focus is a grammatical category that determines which part of the sentence contributes new, non-derivable, or contrastive information.Focus is related to information structure. Contrastive focus specifically refers to the coding of information that is contrary to the presuppositions of the interlocutor.Related terms include Comment and Rheme.