Retinoic Acid and the Development of the Endoderm
... multi-layered embryos, whereas the RA signaling system has often been described as a signaling system that has arisen during chordate evolution [3,4]. There is now, however, evidence that homologues of enzymes and receptors necessary for RA signaling exist in different invertebrates [5–7], but it is ...
... multi-layered embryos, whereas the RA signaling system has often been described as a signaling system that has arisen during chordate evolution [3,4]. There is now, however, evidence that homologues of enzymes and receptors necessary for RA signaling exist in different invertebrates [5–7], but it is ...
The Effect of Chemical Treatments of Albumin and Orosomucoid on
... results of one investigation may relate to a given protein in its monomeric form, and those of another may relate to it in some ill-defined aggregated form. Meaningful comparison of such results is impossible, since two such preparations of the same protein may each be taken up preferentially by a d ...
... results of one investigation may relate to a given protein in its monomeric form, and those of another may relate to it in some ill-defined aggregated form. Meaningful comparison of such results is impossible, since two such preparations of the same protein may each be taken up preferentially by a d ...
Detergent-Insoluble Membrane Compartment CD20 Required for Its
... or lysine, and the nonspecific protease proteinase K to treat intact Raji B cells as described in Materials and Methods. There is no trypsin digest site present in the putative loop between TM1 and TM2, and four sites in the hydrophilic region between TM3 and TM4. Therefore, the presence of an extra ...
... or lysine, and the nonspecific protease proteinase K to treat intact Raji B cells as described in Materials and Methods. There is no trypsin digest site present in the putative loop between TM1 and TM2, and four sites in the hydrophilic region between TM3 and TM4. Therefore, the presence of an extra ...
NIH Public Access
... 2d). Thus, individual replay events are visible as diagonal sweeps of spike trains. In rare occasions the trajectory corresponding to a sweep went from one outer arm to the other, in which case the cells were ordered as a function of the distance from the end of an outer arm. Overlapping SWRs were c ...
... 2d). Thus, individual replay events are visible as diagonal sweeps of spike trains. In rare occasions the trajectory corresponding to a sweep went from one outer arm to the other, in which case the cells were ordered as a function of the distance from the end of an outer arm. Overlapping SWRs were c ...
ORDINARy DIFFERENTIAL EqUATIONS AND CELLULAR
... The system evolves over time. The interactions of the agents take place in a certain order. This order should, in principle, not be sequential since agents behave individually in parallel with each other. In practice however, since computers are sequential in nature,the order needs to be serialized ...
... The system evolves over time. The interactions of the agents take place in a certain order. This order should, in principle, not be sequential since agents behave individually in parallel with each other. In practice however, since computers are sequential in nature,the order needs to be serialized ...
Collagen accumulation in osteosarcoma cells lacking GLT25D1
... Collagen glycosylation in GLT25D1-null cells is partially restored by GLT25D2 To quantify the compensatory effect of GLT25D2 on collagen glycosylation in GLT25D1-null cells, we determined collagen post-translational modifications in endogenously produced collagen by amino acid analysis. Whereas the ...
... Collagen glycosylation in GLT25D1-null cells is partially restored by GLT25D2 To quantify the compensatory effect of GLT25D2 on collagen glycosylation in GLT25D1-null cells, we determined collagen post-translational modifications in endogenously produced collagen by amino acid analysis. Whereas the ...
Do the spatial characteristics of myocardial scar tissue - DIE
... The heart is formed by different types of cells, mainly myocytes and fibroblasts.10 In some species, fibroblasts account for more than half of all heart cells and produce the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is composed of several types of collagen, as well as fibronectin. The main role of the ECM ...
... The heart is formed by different types of cells, mainly myocytes and fibroblasts.10 In some species, fibroblasts account for more than half of all heart cells and produce the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is composed of several types of collagen, as well as fibronectin. The main role of the ECM ...
High levels of tRNA abundance and alteration of tRNA charging by
... charging levels of tRNAs, in particular those coding for hydrophobic amino acids. These results suggest that tRNA properties are altered in MM to accommodate for its increased need for protein translation, and that proteasome inhibition directly impacts protein synthesis in MM through effects on tRN ...
... charging levels of tRNAs, in particular those coding for hydrophobic amino acids. These results suggest that tRNA properties are altered in MM to accommodate for its increased need for protein translation, and that proteasome inhibition directly impacts protein synthesis in MM through effects on tRN ...
Starvation Induces Vacuolar Targeting and Degradation of the
... 1997; Didion et al., 1998). Based on their function and regulation, the amino acid permeases are divided into two classes (Sophianopoulou and Diallinas, 1995). Permeases of one class, including the general amino acid permease, GAP1,1 and the proline permease, PUT4, are regulated in response to the a ...
... 1997; Didion et al., 1998). Based on their function and regulation, the amino acid permeases are divided into two classes (Sophianopoulou and Diallinas, 1995). Permeases of one class, including the general amino acid permease, GAP1,1 and the proline permease, PUT4, are regulated in response to the a ...
Biochemical characterization of the vanilloid receptor 1 expressed in
... be localized intracellularly (reviewed in [5]). The investigation of the biochemical characteristics of VR1, like the experimental assessments of its topology and its quaternary structure, its subcellular localization, and its post-translational modifications are just beginning. Recent data obtained ...
... be localized intracellularly (reviewed in [5]). The investigation of the biochemical characteristics of VR1, like the experimental assessments of its topology and its quaternary structure, its subcellular localization, and its post-translational modifications are just beginning. Recent data obtained ...
VEGF - Science Mission
... Role of VEGF-C/D in lumphatic metastasis in cancer a, Tumour cells and tumour-associated macrophages secrete lymphangiogenic growth factor VEGF-C or VEGF-D, which induces sprouting of nearby lymphatic vessels, facilitating the access of tumor cells into the vessel lumen. b, Aggregates of tumour cel ...
... Role of VEGF-C/D in lumphatic metastasis in cancer a, Tumour cells and tumour-associated macrophages secrete lymphangiogenic growth factor VEGF-C or VEGF-D, which induces sprouting of nearby lymphatic vessels, facilitating the access of tumor cells into the vessel lumen. b, Aggregates of tumour cel ...
Possible Involvement of Phosphoinositide-Ca
... neomycin markedly inhibited the PIP 2 -PLC activity associated with rice plasma membranes at more than 50 JIM but did not affect on the PLC activity toward phosphatidylinositol (PI) even at 5 mM. The effect of neomycin on the release of IP 3 from PIP 2 in vivo was examined employing a model experime ...
... neomycin markedly inhibited the PIP 2 -PLC activity associated with rice plasma membranes at more than 50 JIM but did not affect on the PLC activity toward phosphatidylinositol (PI) even at 5 mM. The effect of neomycin on the release of IP 3 from PIP 2 in vivo was examined employing a model experime ...
Microtubules Regulate Dynamic Organization of Vacuoles in
... actin microfilaments, rather than microtubules, and that their maintenance and distribution are actin dependent (Ovecka et al. 2005, Higaki et al. 2006). To investigate vacuolar morphology and its regulatory mechanisms, we have, in this study, established a new visualization system using the moss, Ph ...
... actin microfilaments, rather than microtubules, and that their maintenance and distribution are actin dependent (Ovecka et al. 2005, Higaki et al. 2006). To investigate vacuolar morphology and its regulatory mechanisms, we have, in this study, established a new visualization system using the moss, Ph ...
Biofilm exopolysaccharides
... immobilization of cells and enzymes. This is not seen in bacterial alginates from Azotobacter vinelandii, even though these EPS closely resemble the algal alginates in possessing sequences of polyguluronic acid blocks producing the characteristic egg-box structure (Ertesvag & Valla, 1998). The bacte ...
... immobilization of cells and enzymes. This is not seen in bacterial alginates from Azotobacter vinelandii, even though these EPS closely resemble the algal alginates in possessing sequences of polyguluronic acid blocks producing the characteristic egg-box structure (Ertesvag & Valla, 1998). The bacte ...
Endosomes/Lysosomes in Macrophages Fusion between
... Copyright © 2004 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. ...
... Copyright © 2004 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. ...
Influence of Bacillus subtilis Cell Walls and EDTA on Calcite
... laboratory and field studies have demonstrated that the presence of certain bacteria influences the rate of mineral dissolution (1-4), but the dissolution mechanisms in aqueous solutions remain poorly characterized, even in abiotic systems. Bacteria are a common component in weathering environments. ...
... laboratory and field studies have demonstrated that the presence of certain bacteria influences the rate of mineral dissolution (1-4), but the dissolution mechanisms in aqueous solutions remain poorly characterized, even in abiotic systems. Bacteria are a common component in weathering environments. ...
FERRITIN: A POTENT INHIBITOR OF VASCULAR CALCIFICATION
... role in heme catabolism and erythrocyte turnover, it has become increasingly evident that HO-1, plays an important protective role in numerous injury settings and clinical conditions. The mechanism underlying this cytoprotective effect involves the ability of HO-1 to catabolize free heme, which is ...
... role in heme catabolism and erythrocyte turnover, it has become increasingly evident that HO-1, plays an important protective role in numerous injury settings and clinical conditions. The mechanism underlying this cytoprotective effect involves the ability of HO-1 to catabolize free heme, which is ...
Document
... A. keloid B. *collagen C. fibrin D. fibrinogen E. keloid 52. What is the decisive factor for the development of scleroderma - a violation of the synthesis: A. keloid B. *collagen C. fibrin D. fibrinogen E. keloid 53. For nodular periarteritis characterized mechanism immunokomplex vascular lesions su ...
... A. keloid B. *collagen C. fibrin D. fibrinogen E. keloid 52. What is the decisive factor for the development of scleroderma - a violation of the synthesis: A. keloid B. *collagen C. fibrin D. fibrinogen E. keloid 53. For nodular periarteritis characterized mechanism immunokomplex vascular lesions su ...
Homeostasis and the Importance for a Balance
... intracellular signaling molecules. These innovative reagents are facilitating an increased awareness regarding the role of AKT/mTOR and its importance in maintaining the balance within physiologically important intracellular signaling pathways. The purpose of this review is to highlight the most com ...
... intracellular signaling molecules. These innovative reagents are facilitating an increased awareness regarding the role of AKT/mTOR and its importance in maintaining the balance within physiologically important intracellular signaling pathways. The purpose of this review is to highlight the most com ...
Golgi clusters and vesicles mediate mitotic inheritance
... clusters are organized by the spindle, their numbers are fixed for a particular cell type and size, and they seed Golgi regrowth, we have argued that they are the partitioning units of the Golgi apparatus (Shima et al., 1997, 1998). An alternative view has recently been put forward by Lippincott-Sch ...
... clusters are organized by the spindle, their numbers are fixed for a particular cell type and size, and they seed Golgi regrowth, we have argued that they are the partitioning units of the Golgi apparatus (Shima et al., 1997, 1998). An alternative view has recently been put forward by Lippincott-Sch ...
Bmp signaling promotes intermediate mesoderm gene expression in
... The intermediate mesoderm lies between the somites and the lateral plate and is the source of all kidney tissue in the developing vertebrate embryo. While bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling is known to regulate mesodermal cell type determination along the medio-lateral axis, its role in inte ...
... The intermediate mesoderm lies between the somites and the lateral plate and is the source of all kidney tissue in the developing vertebrate embryo. While bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling is known to regulate mesodermal cell type determination along the medio-lateral axis, its role in inte ...
plantcell.org
... to its expression in Arabidopsis. Expression in maize extends through the quiescent center, a population of mitotically inactive cells formerly thought to be undifferentiated and to lack radial pattern information. Zea mays SCARECROW (ZmSCR), the putative maize SCR ortholog, was used as a molecular ...
... to its expression in Arabidopsis. Expression in maize extends through the quiescent center, a population of mitotically inactive cells formerly thought to be undifferentiated and to lack radial pattern information. Zea mays SCARECROW (ZmSCR), the putative maize SCR ortholog, was used as a molecular ...
An analysis of the response to gut induction in the C. elegans embryo
... EMS cells isolated before gut induction had occurred (1013 minutes before cytokinesis began in EMS) divided to form two daughters, both of which produced body wall muscle and pharyngeal muscle, but no gut or hypodermis, suggesting that both daughters differentiate as MS-like lineages, as MS normally ...
... EMS cells isolated before gut induction had occurred (1013 minutes before cytokinesis began in EMS) divided to form two daughters, both of which produced body wall muscle and pharyngeal muscle, but no gut or hypodermis, suggesting that both daughters differentiate as MS-like lineages, as MS normally ...
Phototherapy — a treatment modality for wound healing and pain relief
... laser system to provide optimal penetration through the skin it must be in direct contact with the skin and at an incident angle of 90 degrees (perpendicular to the skin) (Ohshiro and Calderhead, 1988; Mendez et al, 2004). This will minimize any reflection from the skin’s surface and allow the best ...
... laser system to provide optimal penetration through the skin it must be in direct contact with the skin and at an incident angle of 90 degrees (perpendicular to the skin) (Ohshiro and Calderhead, 1988; Mendez et al, 2004). This will minimize any reflection from the skin’s surface and allow the best ...
Primary and immortalized mouse epicardial cells undergo
... Fifty-four percent of all cardiovascular disease in the United States effects the coronary arteries (American Heart Association, 2004). A detailed understanding of the cell populations and molecules that regulate coronary vessel development will be required to reveal novel drug targets and therapeut ...
... Fifty-four percent of all cardiovascular disease in the United States effects the coronary arteries (American Heart Association, 2004). A detailed understanding of the cell populations and molecules that regulate coronary vessel development will be required to reveal novel drug targets and therapeut ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.