Beta cell restoration
... We’ve learned (in part due to JDRF funding) that beta cells not only continued to be present in the pancreas, but new ones were still being formed in some individuals who have had T1D for 50 years or more. JDRF also established that most pregnant women with T1D—similar to pregnant women without T1D— ...
... We’ve learned (in part due to JDRF funding) that beta cells not only continued to be present in the pancreas, but new ones were still being formed in some individuals who have had T1D for 50 years or more. JDRF also established that most pregnant women with T1D—similar to pregnant women without T1D— ...
Differential roles for the low-affinity phosphate transporters Pho87
... Pho4 activity and Spl2. Furthermore, when cells are starved of other essential nutrients or are treated with rapamycin, the vacuolar targeting applies to both low-affinity Pi transporters, and this process is also independent of Pho4 and Spl2. Nonetheless, the vacuolar targeting of both Pho87 and Ph ...
... Pho4 activity and Spl2. Furthermore, when cells are starved of other essential nutrients or are treated with rapamycin, the vacuolar targeting applies to both low-affinity Pi transporters, and this process is also independent of Pho4 and Spl2. Nonetheless, the vacuolar targeting of both Pho87 and Ph ...
Diefenbach, A., J.K. Hsia, M.Y. Hsiung, and D.H. Raulet. 2003. A novel ligand for the NKG2D receptor activates NK cells and macrophages and induces tumor immunity. Eur J Immunol 33:381-391.
... In contrast to class I MHC molecules, H60 and Rae1 proteins lack an § 3 domain. Interestingly, all known ligands for mouse NKG2D map close to the telomeric region of mouse chromosome 10 [7, 12, 13]. Significantly, the syntenic region on human chromosome 6 contains a similar group of proteins various ...
... In contrast to class I MHC molecules, H60 and Rae1 proteins lack an § 3 domain. Interestingly, all known ligands for mouse NKG2D map close to the telomeric region of mouse chromosome 10 [7, 12, 13]. Significantly, the syntenic region on human chromosome 6 contains a similar group of proteins various ...
Epithelial invasion and cell lysis by virulent strains of Streptococcus
... could be a breach of the mucosal epithelia in the upper respiratory tract. Recent investigations with group B (GBS) and group A streptococci (GAS) have shown that while adherence to HEp-2 epithelial cells and virulence may not always correlate well, the ability to invade HEp-2 cells is strongly indi ...
... could be a breach of the mucosal epithelia in the upper respiratory tract. Recent investigations with group B (GBS) and group A streptococci (GAS) have shown that while adherence to HEp-2 epithelial cells and virulence may not always correlate well, the ability to invade HEp-2 cells is strongly indi ...
The Epithelial Glycoprotein 2 (EGP-2) Promoter
... MOC31bio or Bly-1bio was detected by applying only SA-PO, diluted 1:25, to the cryosections, which were subsequently stained as described above. By blocking the cryosections with avidin for 15 min and with biotin for 15 min (both from Dakopatts) prior to staining with SA-PO, it could be demonstrated ...
... MOC31bio or Bly-1bio was detected by applying only SA-PO, diluted 1:25, to the cryosections, which were subsequently stained as described above. By blocking the cryosections with avidin for 15 min and with biotin for 15 min (both from Dakopatts) prior to staining with SA-PO, it could be demonstrated ...
Formation of Earlywood, Latewood, and Heartwood Regulation of
... • The biosynthetic pathway of cytokinins is not fully elucidated, but it has been suggested that they are synthesized by the root apical meristem, and transported to the stem through vascular bundles. • Several kinds of cytokinins were found in the roots of Pseudotsuga menziesii, while in the cambia ...
... • The biosynthetic pathway of cytokinins is not fully elucidated, but it has been suggested that they are synthesized by the root apical meristem, and transported to the stem through vascular bundles. • Several kinds of cytokinins were found in the roots of Pseudotsuga menziesii, while in the cambia ...
Beneficial effects of probiotic microorganisms. A review
... predicts a broad group of bacteriocins with divergent sequences. These peptides have a relatively narrow spectrum of activity and are mostly toxic to Gram-positive bacteria, including Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Listeria, and Mycobacteria. The primary mechanism of bacteriocin action ...
... predicts a broad group of bacteriocins with divergent sequences. These peptides have a relatively narrow spectrum of activity and are mostly toxic to Gram-positive bacteria, including Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Listeria, and Mycobacteria. The primary mechanism of bacteriocin action ...
produced in photosynthesis
... Typical, or C3 photosynthesis is carried out by most plants growing in areas with sufficient water. In this type of photosynthesis, an enzyme called RuBP carboxylase grabs CO2 in the light independent reactions of photosynthesis. This works fine as long as there is plenty of carbon dioxide and rela ...
... Typical, or C3 photosynthesis is carried out by most plants growing in areas with sufficient water. In this type of photosynthesis, an enzyme called RuBP carboxylase grabs CO2 in the light independent reactions of photosynthesis. This works fine as long as there is plenty of carbon dioxide and rela ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... and cells. Flemming being a pathologist, the main aim he proclaimed in his pioneering paper was to establish cytological criteria by which cells integrated into tissues could be distinguished from rampant cells, He found that tissue cells (e.g, those in his newt epithelia) when dividing exhibited on ...
... and cells. Flemming being a pathologist, the main aim he proclaimed in his pioneering paper was to establish cytological criteria by which cells integrated into tissues could be distinguished from rampant cells, He found that tissue cells (e.g, those in his newt epithelia) when dividing exhibited on ...
AMP-activated protein kinase induces apoptosis in LX2 cell
... apoptosis of several kinds of cells, such as rat liver cells, MIN6 cells and human neuroblastoma cells, but little is known regarding this matter in HSCs. ...
... apoptosis of several kinds of cells, such as rat liver cells, MIN6 cells and human neuroblastoma cells, but little is known regarding this matter in HSCs. ...
1 STN E-Library 2012 12_Soft Tissue Injuries
... Afferent – Carry sensory information (temperature, pain, pressure, position, and vibration) from receptors or sense organs in the joints and skin toward the central nervous system. Extent of nerve damage is often unclear at the initial examination and must be evaluated serially. ...
... Afferent – Carry sensory information (temperature, pain, pressure, position, and vibration) from receptors or sense organs in the joints and skin toward the central nervous system. Extent of nerve damage is often unclear at the initial examination and must be evaluated serially. ...
Isolation of Spherosomes with Lysosome Characteristics from
... activity after separation of the particulate compo nents from the soluble material indicates the pos sibility of an interaction between hydrolases and soluble factors. In fact the high speed supernatant contains an inhibitory factor for acid protease and phosphatase as demonstrated by determ inati ...
... activity after separation of the particulate compo nents from the soluble material indicates the pos sibility of an interaction between hydrolases and soluble factors. In fact the high speed supernatant contains an inhibitory factor for acid protease and phosphatase as demonstrated by determ inati ...
Microbiology Lab 1 Examination of Bacteria
... precipitates out within the cell. Gram +ve bacteria have low lipid content Lipid is dissolved by alcohol The alcohol/acetone mixture then causes dehydration of the multilayered peptidoglycan ...
... precipitates out within the cell. Gram +ve bacteria have low lipid content Lipid is dissolved by alcohol The alcohol/acetone mixture then causes dehydration of the multilayered peptidoglycan ...
chapter 7 a tour of the cell
... main energy transformers of cells • Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the organelles that convert energy to forms that cells can use for work. • Mitochondria are the sites of cellular respiration, generating ATP from the catabolism of sugars, fats, and other fuels in the presence of oxygen. • Chloro ...
... main energy transformers of cells • Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the organelles that convert energy to forms that cells can use for work. • Mitochondria are the sites of cellular respiration, generating ATP from the catabolism of sugars, fats, and other fuels in the presence of oxygen. • Chloro ...
Aggresomes: A Cellular Response to Misfolded Proteins
... formation or accumulation. Molecular chaperones bind nonnative protein conformations, sequestering misfolded protein or aggregation-prone folding intermediates from the cytosol, thereby reducing the likelihood of aggregate formation (Hartl, 1996). However, many misfolded proteins are targeted by cov ...
... formation or accumulation. Molecular chaperones bind nonnative protein conformations, sequestering misfolded protein or aggregation-prone folding intermediates from the cytosol, thereby reducing the likelihood of aggregate formation (Hartl, 1996). However, many misfolded proteins are targeted by cov ...
Mast cells and dendritic cells form synapses that facilitate antigen
... nodes, and Th2 polarization (Caron et al., 2001a; Mazzoni et al., 2006; Suto et al., 2006; Shelburne et al., 2009; Dawicki et al., 2010; Reuter et al., 2010; de Vries et al., 2011). Communication between MCs and DCs has also been shown to regulate other lymphocytes including T cells and B cells (Sko ...
... nodes, and Th2 polarization (Caron et al., 2001a; Mazzoni et al., 2006; Suto et al., 2006; Shelburne et al., 2009; Dawicki et al., 2010; Reuter et al., 2010; de Vries et al., 2011). Communication between MCs and DCs has also been shown to regulate other lymphocytes including T cells and B cells (Sko ...
T Cells + Spread to CD4 Immature Dendritic Cells and Limits HIV
... via its incorporation into newly formed virions in the virus-producing cell. A successful incorporation leads to deamination of the subsequent viral DNA synthesized during the next round of the viral life cycle (9, 10). However, deaminase-independent mechanisms of viral inhibition were also describe ...
... via its incorporation into newly formed virions in the virus-producing cell. A successful incorporation leads to deamination of the subsequent viral DNA synthesized during the next round of the viral life cycle (9, 10). However, deaminase-independent mechanisms of viral inhibition were also describe ...
Evolution of Cell Division
... The mechanics of cell division is considered more complicated than building ”a moon rocket or supercomputer” [3]. What makes it even more complicated is that cells should maintain their size over generations. In order to achieve this, many cells display a coordination between their cell growth and c ...
... The mechanics of cell division is considered more complicated than building ”a moon rocket or supercomputer” [3]. What makes it even more complicated is that cells should maintain their size over generations. In order to achieve this, many cells display a coordination between their cell growth and c ...
Principles of Bacterial Toxin Entry
... largely unable to emulate the success of pathogenic microbes in sending proteins into mammalian cells. One of the most important lessons learned from the study of AB toxins is that the intended protein cargo must not only possess desired intracellular modulating activities, but must also be hard-wir ...
... largely unable to emulate the success of pathogenic microbes in sending proteins into mammalian cells. One of the most important lessons learned from the study of AB toxins is that the intended protein cargo must not only possess desired intracellular modulating activities, but must also be hard-wir ...
Achieving CNS axon regeneration by manipulating convergent
... inflammatory cytokines with neurotoxic and neurotrophic effects. TLR3 stimulation of oligodendrocytes causes apoptosis (Lee et al. 2006; Bsibsi et al. 2012). Extracellular mRNA released from dead or dying cells can bind TLR3 on axon growth cones in the CNS and PNS. This can cause growth cone collaps ...
... inflammatory cytokines with neurotoxic and neurotrophic effects. TLR3 stimulation of oligodendrocytes causes apoptosis (Lee et al. 2006; Bsibsi et al. 2012). Extracellular mRNA released from dead or dying cells can bind TLR3 on axon growth cones in the CNS and PNS. This can cause growth cone collaps ...
Tasquinimod Modulates Suppressive Myeloid Cells and Enhances
... S100A9, a Ca2þ-binding inflammatory protein, has been identified as a potential target of tasquinimod. S100A9 interacts with proinflammatory receptors Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE), and this interaction is inhibited by the specific binding of tasquini ...
... S100A9, a Ca2þ-binding inflammatory protein, has been identified as a potential target of tasquinimod. S100A9 interacts with proinflammatory receptors Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE), and this interaction is inhibited by the specific binding of tasquini ...
Differentially Expressed Fibroblast Growth Factors Regulate Skeletal
... above. After 13-galactosidase staining, plates were coated with NTB-2 nuclear emulsion (KODAK), exposed for 1 wk, and developed according to instructions of the manufacturer. The number of f3-galactosidase and [3H]thymidine-positive cells was then scored using bright-field microscopy. This assay was ...
... above. After 13-galactosidase staining, plates were coated with NTB-2 nuclear emulsion (KODAK), exposed for 1 wk, and developed according to instructions of the manufacturer. The number of f3-galactosidase and [3H]thymidine-positive cells was then scored using bright-field microscopy. This assay was ...
BD Pharmingen™ Transcription Factor Buffer Set
... 1. Storing fix/perm samples: We have had success using the 1X fix/perm buffer and then storing overnight at 2–8°C with no manipulations, and then continuing with the procedure later, or the next day (tested in FoxP3 and T-bet and other stem cell related transcription factors). See the TDS for more i ...
... 1. Storing fix/perm samples: We have had success using the 1X fix/perm buffer and then storing overnight at 2–8°C with no manipulations, and then continuing with the procedure later, or the next day (tested in FoxP3 and T-bet and other stem cell related transcription factors). See the TDS for more i ...
PDF
... with the cell cycle, from the basal side (where DNA is synthesized) to the apical surface (where mitosis takes place); such nuclear movements were previously misinterpreted as the radial intercalation of cells. We further demonstrate that growth of epithelial girth between E12.5 and E14.5 is driven ...
... with the cell cycle, from the basal side (where DNA is synthesized) to the apical surface (where mitosis takes place); such nuclear movements were previously misinterpreted as the radial intercalation of cells. We further demonstrate that growth of epithelial girth between E12.5 and E14.5 is driven ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.