Cells are Either Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
... Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings. ...
... Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings. ...
Antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes and bacterial evasion
... The identity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that are responsible for Rac and Cdc42 activation are the subject of debate5,6. By contrast, it is generally agreed that downstream effectors, such as wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein7, which in turn interacts with and activates actin-re ...
... The identity of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that are responsible for Rac and Cdc42 activation are the subject of debate5,6. By contrast, it is generally agreed that downstream effectors, such as wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein7, which in turn interacts with and activates actin-re ...
Separation of Sister Chromatids in Mitosis
... The regulation of sister cohesion is of crucial importance for faithful chromosome distribution in mitosis (for reviews see Miyazaki and Orr-Weaver, 1994; Holm, 1994; Holloway, 1995). During prometaphase, sister chromatids have to establish connections to opposite spindle poles. Cohesion keeps the s ...
... The regulation of sister cohesion is of crucial importance for faithful chromosome distribution in mitosis (for reviews see Miyazaki and Orr-Weaver, 1994; Holm, 1994; Holloway, 1995). During prometaphase, sister chromatids have to establish connections to opposite spindle poles. Cohesion keeps the s ...
Nedd8 processing enzymes inSchizosaccharomyces pombe
... differences in Nedd8 substrates between these organisms. Just as ubiquitylation is reversed by ubiquitin isopeptidases, Nedd8 conjugation is reversed by Nedd8 isopeptidases in a process known as deneddylation. The best characterized deneddylating enzymes include the COP9 signalosome subunit Csn5 [11 ...
... differences in Nedd8 substrates between these organisms. Just as ubiquitylation is reversed by ubiquitin isopeptidases, Nedd8 conjugation is reversed by Nedd8 isopeptidases in a process known as deneddylation. The best characterized deneddylating enzymes include the COP9 signalosome subunit Csn5 [11 ...
Working paper - Complex Systems Lab
... quence of such SB is a heterogeneous pattern of morphogen concentrations (Nicolis and Prigogine, 1977; Nicolis, 1995). Although the mechanisms underlying pattern formation in multicellular systems are typically richer than the previous RD scheme, they provide the appropriate framework to explain dif ...
... quence of such SB is a heterogeneous pattern of morphogen concentrations (Nicolis and Prigogine, 1977; Nicolis, 1995). Although the mechanisms underlying pattern formation in multicellular systems are typically richer than the previous RD scheme, they provide the appropriate framework to explain dif ...
The Nucleolus under Stress
... transcription and/or rRNA processing (reviewed in Chedin et al., 2007; Grummt and Voit, 2010). Only 50% of the 400 rDNA repeats in the human diploid genome are transcriptionally active. Interestingly, a change in growth conditions predominantly triggers a change in the transcriptional efficiency o ...
... transcription and/or rRNA processing (reviewed in Chedin et al., 2007; Grummt and Voit, 2010). Only 50% of the 400 rDNA repeats in the human diploid genome are transcriptionally active. Interestingly, a change in growth conditions predominantly triggers a change in the transcriptional efficiency o ...
The Journal of Experimental Medicine
... And, how do they survive despite the absence of Ig expression? A common answer for both questions might be the evasion from death receptor–induced apoptosis. In particular, the CD95 system is involved in both processes, the CTL-mediated target cell lysis including the control of tumor growth (26–28) ...
... And, how do they survive despite the absence of Ig expression? A common answer for both questions might be the evasion from death receptor–induced apoptosis. In particular, the CD95 system is involved in both processes, the CTL-mediated target cell lysis including the control of tumor growth (26–28) ...
Cell intercalation during Drosophila germband extension and its
... dorsally, then rapidly move ventrally, and finally move simultaneously ventrally and posteriorly (Fig. 3 and data not shown). Cells at different positions within the embryo consistently follow distinct trajectories. More dorsal cells move further ventrally than more ventral cells, and more posterior ...
... dorsally, then rapidly move ventrally, and finally move simultaneously ventrally and posteriorly (Fig. 3 and data not shown). Cells at different positions within the embryo consistently follow distinct trajectories. More dorsal cells move further ventrally than more ventral cells, and more posterior ...
Lonza Group Ltd
... completed the acquisition of the preclinical cell and molecular biology assets of Simbiosys Biowares India Pvt. Ltd as of 13 October 2009. Simbiosys Biowares is a premier biology outsourcing company with core competencies in cell and molecular biology, and in clinical services. The company’s cell an ...
... completed the acquisition of the preclinical cell and molecular biology assets of Simbiosys Biowares India Pvt. Ltd as of 13 October 2009. Simbiosys Biowares is a premier biology outsourcing company with core competencies in cell and molecular biology, and in clinical services. The company’s cell an ...
Maturation-promoting Factor Induces Nuclear Envelope Breakdown
... of the cortex of the embryo with the same period as the cell division cycle. These contractions continue in the absence of either the centriole or the nucleus (16). Recent experiments suggest that even the replication of injected prokaryotic DNA comes under the control of this early cell cycle (17). ...
... of the cortex of the embryo with the same period as the cell division cycle. These contractions continue in the absence of either the centriole or the nucleus (16). Recent experiments suggest that even the replication of injected prokaryotic DNA comes under the control of this early cell cycle (17). ...
The tubulin gene family of Paramecium: Characterization and
... elaborate and stable ciliary axonemes and basal bodies to very dynamic cytoplasmic, cortical or intranuclear arrays. Their organization and individual cycle of assembly/disassembly are well known and extensive immunocytochemical studies of the post-translational modifications in the various microtub ...
... elaborate and stable ciliary axonemes and basal bodies to very dynamic cytoplasmic, cortical or intranuclear arrays. Their organization and individual cycle of assembly/disassembly are well known and extensive immunocytochemical studies of the post-translational modifications in the various microtub ...
1749-8104-8-5 - Cambridge Repository
... Keywords: Intrinsic program, Lumen, Neuroepithelial polarity, Neural tube, Zebrafish ...
... Keywords: Intrinsic program, Lumen, Neuroepithelial polarity, Neural tube, Zebrafish ...
molecular mechanisms of mechanoperception in plants
... Pioneering studies of mechanotransduction measured the production of action and receptor potentials in giant algal cells such as Chara and Nitella (reviewed in Shimmen, 2006; Wayne, 1994). The large internodal cells of Chara allow researchers to observe the activation of Cl- and Ca2+ fluxes both im ...
... Pioneering studies of mechanotransduction measured the production of action and receptor potentials in giant algal cells such as Chara and Nitella (reviewed in Shimmen, 2006; Wayne, 1994). The large internodal cells of Chara allow researchers to observe the activation of Cl- and Ca2+ fluxes both im ...
Cellulose orientation determines mechanical anisotropy in onion
... these tissues were determined. It was demonstrated for the first time for higher plants that a net parallel orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the onion epidermis wall coincided with a high mechanical anisotropy. In contrast, the Kalanchoë epidermis had a random net orientation of microfibril ...
... these tissues were determined. It was demonstrated for the first time for higher plants that a net parallel orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the onion epidermis wall coincided with a high mechanical anisotropy. In contrast, the Kalanchoë epidermis had a random net orientation of microfibril ...
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... quiescent cells, which retain the ability to proliferate in response to appropriate stimuli. Senescent cells are also distinct from post-mitotic cells and terminally differentiated cells, which generally lose the ability to divide as a consequence of developmental, as opposed to stress-activated, pr ...
... quiescent cells, which retain the ability to proliferate in response to appropriate stimuli. Senescent cells are also distinct from post-mitotic cells and terminally differentiated cells, which generally lose the ability to divide as a consequence of developmental, as opposed to stress-activated, pr ...
Shp1 regulates T cell homeostasis by limiting IL
... and CCR7. Together, these findings suggest that the CD4+ memory phenotype compartment contained a mixture of effector and memory phenotype cells. In contrast, the CD8+ CD44hi populations contained a high proportion of CD62Lhi CD127hi CCR7hi cells, suggesting a prominent central memory phenotype. Th ...
... and CCR7. Together, these findings suggest that the CD4+ memory phenotype compartment contained a mixture of effector and memory phenotype cells. In contrast, the CD8+ CD44hi populations contained a high proportion of CD62Lhi CD127hi CCR7hi cells, suggesting a prominent central memory phenotype. Th ...
Regulation of Vascular Development - Size
... of primary vascular strands; (2) formation of the radial pattern of xylem and phloem within vascular strands; (3) differentiation of specialized cell types from xylem and phloem precursors; and (4) cell proliferation and cell differentiation within the vascular cambium. Substantial progress has rece ...
... of primary vascular strands; (2) formation of the radial pattern of xylem and phloem within vascular strands; (3) differentiation of specialized cell types from xylem and phloem precursors; and (4) cell proliferation and cell differentiation within the vascular cambium. Substantial progress has rece ...
Lect-11 - WordPress.com
... 10-fold dilutions of the phage stock are prepared. The procedure requires the use of a Double-Layer Agar (DLA) technique also known as double agar overlay method, in which the hard agar serves as a base layer (to form gel), and a mixture of few phage particles (diluted stock) and a very large number ...
... 10-fold dilutions of the phage stock are prepared. The procedure requires the use of a Double-Layer Agar (DLA) technique also known as double agar overlay method, in which the hard agar serves as a base layer (to form gel), and a mixture of few phage particles (diluted stock) and a very large number ...
Fungi
... before. Did you know these micro-organisms are classified as fungi? Although fungi can come in many shapes and sizes there are 2 common shapes: ____________ to __________ single cells and long ___________-________, or _____________, cells. Scientists have divided fungi into 2 _____________, based in ...
... before. Did you know these micro-organisms are classified as fungi? Although fungi can come in many shapes and sizes there are 2 common shapes: ____________ to __________ single cells and long ___________-________, or _____________, cells. Scientists have divided fungi into 2 _____________, based in ...
Gene Section CDT1 (chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1)
... Cyclin-binding motif is the target for phosphorylation by cyclin A-dependent kinases, which results in the binding of Cdt1 to the F-box protein Skp2 and subsequent degradation. Interaction with geminin, a small regulatory protein active during S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle, protects CDT1 fro ...
... Cyclin-binding motif is the target for phosphorylation by cyclin A-dependent kinases, which results in the binding of Cdt1 to the F-box protein Skp2 and subsequent degradation. Interaction with geminin, a small regulatory protein active during S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle, protects CDT1 fro ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.