Mechanisms of cell positioning during C. elegans gastrulation
... devitellinization), and the resulting naked embryos can be cultured in embryonic growth medium (Edgar, 1995). This in vitro system was previously used to dissect cell-cell signaling and cell fate determination (Goldstein, 1992; Shelton and Bowerman, 1996; Lin et al., 1998; Berkowitz and Strome, 2000 ...
... devitellinization), and the resulting naked embryos can be cultured in embryonic growth medium (Edgar, 1995). This in vitro system was previously used to dissect cell-cell signaling and cell fate determination (Goldstein, 1992; Shelton and Bowerman, 1996; Lin et al., 1998; Berkowitz and Strome, 2000 ...
The C-terminal end of R-Ras contains a focal adhesion targeting
... through a process that is yet unknown. We show here that active R-Ras (38V) promotes the formation of focal adhesions and a spread cell shape. By contrast, the dominant-negative mutant of R-Ras (43N) reduces the number of focal adhesions, leading to the formation of refractile cells. In adherent cel ...
... through a process that is yet unknown. We show here that active R-Ras (38V) promotes the formation of focal adhesions and a spread cell shape. By contrast, the dominant-negative mutant of R-Ras (43N) reduces the number of focal adhesions, leading to the formation of refractile cells. In adherent cel ...
Cleavage furrow formation and ingression during animal cytokinesis
... mitosis, a cleavage furrow forms at the equatorial cortex after anaphase. This furrow then advances inwards to separate the two daughter cells. Since the early studies of Rappaport more than forty years ago (Rappaport, 1961), it has become clear that spindle microtubules play a key role in furrow fo ...
... mitosis, a cleavage furrow forms at the equatorial cortex after anaphase. This furrow then advances inwards to separate the two daughter cells. Since the early studies of Rappaport more than forty years ago (Rappaport, 1961), it has become clear that spindle microtubules play a key role in furrow fo ...
Cell Structure and Functions
... The invention of the light microscope differed from earlier microscopes as it a. did not use an oil lamp for lighting. b. used more than one lens. c. focused light up through a specimen. d. featured a tube with an eyepiece. Though cells in living things are put together in many ways to form differen ...
... The invention of the light microscope differed from earlier microscopes as it a. did not use an oil lamp for lighting. b. used more than one lens. c. focused light up through a specimen. d. featured a tube with an eyepiece. Though cells in living things are put together in many ways to form differen ...
27-Bacteria and Archaea
... Prokaryotes are highly successful in part because of their potential to reproduce quickly in a favorable environment. By binary fission (see Figure 12.12), a single prokaryotic cell divides into 2 cells, which then divide into 4, 8, 16, and so on. Under optimal conditions, many prokaryotes can divid ...
... Prokaryotes are highly successful in part because of their potential to reproduce quickly in a favorable environment. By binary fission (see Figure 12.12), a single prokaryotic cell divides into 2 cells, which then divide into 4, 8, 16, and so on. Under optimal conditions, many prokaryotes can divid ...
Choose your fate: artery, vein or lymphatic vessel?
... migration and association of endothelial cells, two processes that are essential for normal vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. The most recently identified genes that contribute to these processes include retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (Raldh2), Norrin, Frizzled-4 (Fz4) and Nogo-B. Generation of Raldh2 ...
... migration and association of endothelial cells, two processes that are essential for normal vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. The most recently identified genes that contribute to these processes include retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (Raldh2), Norrin, Frizzled-4 (Fz4) and Nogo-B. Generation of Raldh2 ...
The Kip3-Like Kinesin KipB Moves along Microtubules and
... growth, conventional kinesin mutants are impaired in hyphal extension, suggesting that conventional kinesin is involved in the secretion of cell wall components (34, 38). Since the first discovery of conventional kinesin, many other kinesins and kinesin-like proteins have been described, and they ar ...
... growth, conventional kinesin mutants are impaired in hyphal extension, suggesting that conventional kinesin is involved in the secretion of cell wall components (34, 38). Since the first discovery of conventional kinesin, many other kinesins and kinesin-like proteins have been described, and they ar ...
Culm strenth of a rice brittle mutant
... mutants have been genetically identified in rice and mapped onto genetic map as follows: bc1 on chromosome 3, bc2 on chromosome5, bc3 and bc5 on chromosome 2, bc4 on chromosome 6 (Nagato and Yoshimura, 1998), bc5 is a brittle node gene and bc6 is a dominant gene. However, except bc1, the genes assoc ...
... mutants have been genetically identified in rice and mapped onto genetic map as follows: bc1 on chromosome 3, bc2 on chromosome5, bc3 and bc5 on chromosome 2, bc4 on chromosome 6 (Nagato and Yoshimura, 1998), bc5 is a brittle node gene and bc6 is a dominant gene. However, except bc1, the genes assoc ...
ROLE OF SPINDLE MICROTUBULES IN THE
... action of colchicine and Colcemid, whose mode of action is specific and well characterized, shows that cells which cannot assemble spindle microtubules either are arrested in mitosis or stay significantly longer in mitosis than they normally would ...
... action of colchicine and Colcemid, whose mode of action is specific and well characterized, shows that cells which cannot assemble spindle microtubules either are arrested in mitosis or stay significantly longer in mitosis than they normally would ...
Links between DNA Replication, Stem Cells and Cancer
... risk of cancers is strongly correlated with the total number of divisions of the normal self-renewing cells maintaining that tissue’s homeostasis [5]. These tissue progenitor cells must arise from the tissue specific stem cells produced during embryonic development (discussed below). The lifetime ri ...
... risk of cancers is strongly correlated with the total number of divisions of the normal self-renewing cells maintaining that tissue’s homeostasis [5]. These tissue progenitor cells must arise from the tissue specific stem cells produced during embryonic development (discussed below). The lifetime ri ...
Optimization of ERK Activity Biosensors for both Ratiometric and
... fluorophore is also affected by a FRET event and decreases upon kinase activity. The purpose of optimizing such tools directly relies on kinase activity behavior. In fact, in some biological processes, kinase activity changes are too low to be detected with the existing biosensors. This depends dire ...
... fluorophore is also affected by a FRET event and decreases upon kinase activity. The purpose of optimizing such tools directly relies on kinase activity behavior. In fact, in some biological processes, kinase activity changes are too low to be detected with the existing biosensors. This depends dire ...
Metabolic allometric scaling model. Combining cellular
... applicability, problematic with regard to some initial assumptions, and that they could not explain known diversity of metabolic scaling relationships (White et al., 2011, 2009, 2007; Weibel and Hoppeler, 2005; Glazier, 2005; Kozlowski and Konarzewski, 2004). Here, we present a general method for fi ...
... applicability, problematic with regard to some initial assumptions, and that they could not explain known diversity of metabolic scaling relationships (White et al., 2011, 2009, 2007; Weibel and Hoppeler, 2005; Glazier, 2005; Kozlowski and Konarzewski, 2004). Here, we present a general method for fi ...
Natural sequence variants of yeast environmental sensors confer
... regulatory network underlying the metabolism of sulfur assimilation (Thomas and Surdin-Kerjan, 1997). Many genes, such as MET17 that codes for a homocysteine synthase, are repressed in the presence of methionine. A key component of this response is the Met4p transcriptional activator (complexed with ...
... regulatory network underlying the metabolism of sulfur assimilation (Thomas and Surdin-Kerjan, 1997). Many genes, such as MET17 that codes for a homocysteine synthase, are repressed in the presence of methionine. A key component of this response is the Met4p transcriptional activator (complexed with ...
Treadmilling by FtsZ filaments drives peptidoglycan
... shown above, the directional movements of FtsAZ/Pbp2B around the division plane suggest that FtsAZ circumferential motions could be coupled to the insertion of new PG. Next, we investigated the mechanism driving FtsAZ/Pbp2B motion. The coupled, circumferential motions of FtsAZ/Pbp2B appear similar t ...
... shown above, the directional movements of FtsAZ/Pbp2B around the division plane suggest that FtsAZ circumferential motions could be coupled to the insertion of new PG. Next, we investigated the mechanism driving FtsAZ/Pbp2B motion. The coupled, circumferential motions of FtsAZ/Pbp2B appear similar t ...
Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus
... 3A and 3C). The callose deposits were quite abundant in cell walls of idioblasts (Figs 3B and 3D). No visible differences in callose deposits between idioblasts walls in spongy parenchyma of both cultivars were noticed, but there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in number of idioblasts per cr ...
... 3A and 3C). The callose deposits were quite abundant in cell walls of idioblasts (Figs 3B and 3D). No visible differences in callose deposits between idioblasts walls in spongy parenchyma of both cultivars were noticed, but there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in number of idioblasts per cr ...
Developmental control of blood cell migration by the Drosophila VEGF pathway. Cell 108, 865-876. pdf
... tant blood cells continued to express CRQ and PXN, suggesting that hemocyte differentiation was grossly intact (Figure 3 and data not shown). Interestingly, CRQ staining was stronger than in wild-type, even in isolated blood cells (arrowheads in Figures 3G and 3H), implying their phagocytic function ...
... tant blood cells continued to express CRQ and PXN, suggesting that hemocyte differentiation was grossly intact (Figure 3 and data not shown). Interestingly, CRQ staining was stronger than in wild-type, even in isolated blood cells (arrowheads in Figures 3G and 3H), implying their phagocytic function ...
Adherens Junctions, Desmosomes and Tight
... only at the overlapping edges of the corneocytes, in cell-cell interdigitation zones, and the flat corneocyte discs remain laterally attached with these junctions. When the lateral / peripheral corneodesmosomes disappear, in their turn, the corneocytes are gradually shed at the skin surface. The rea ...
... only at the overlapping edges of the corneocytes, in cell-cell interdigitation zones, and the flat corneocyte discs remain laterally attached with these junctions. When the lateral / peripheral corneodesmosomes disappear, in their turn, the corneocytes are gradually shed at the skin surface. The rea ...
Gastrulation in the sea anemone Nematostella
... the pre-endodermal plate reveals that the cells of the preendodermal plate acquire a bottle shape (Fig. 3h), somewhat similar to the ingressing bottle cells defined in gastrulation of higher metazoans. During this process, the cell nucleus migrates from the apical towards the basal end of the cell. ...
... the pre-endodermal plate reveals that the cells of the preendodermal plate acquire a bottle shape (Fig. 3h), somewhat similar to the ingressing bottle cells defined in gastrulation of higher metazoans. During this process, the cell nucleus migrates from the apical towards the basal end of the cell. ...
Column Flotation
... purifying concentrates, lowering shipping costs, decreasing plant footprint and lowering smelter penalties. This solution is also very low risk since flotation is the most widely used method to clean concentrates. ...
... purifying concentrates, lowering shipping costs, decreasing plant footprint and lowering smelter penalties. This solution is also very low risk since flotation is the most widely used method to clean concentrates. ...
Semen WS - St Paul`s School Intranet
... After entry of the sperm the zona pellucida thickens and becomes impenetrable to other sperm. ...
... After entry of the sperm the zona pellucida thickens and becomes impenetrable to other sperm. ...
TOR SIGNALLING IN BUGS, BRAIN AND BRAWN
... The processes of cell growth and cell division are usually coupled to give rise to cells of a specific size. There are certain exceptions, however, in which one process occurs independently of the other. For example, division without growth occurs during early development when embryonic cells divide ...
... The processes of cell growth and cell division are usually coupled to give rise to cells of a specific size. There are certain exceptions, however, in which one process occurs independently of the other. For example, division without growth occurs during early development when embryonic cells divide ...
Mineralogy - Carleton College
... Choice of a Unit Cell • A lattice point occurs where the corners of four cells meet, and therefore, 1/4 point per corner lies in a give cell (1/4 * 4=1) C ...
... Choice of a Unit Cell • A lattice point occurs where the corners of four cells meet, and therefore, 1/4 point per corner lies in a give cell (1/4 * 4=1) C ...