Chapter 4
... Biology and Society: Drugs That Target Bacterial Cells – Antibiotics were first isolated from mold in 1928. – The widespread use of antibiotics drastically ...
... Biology and Society: Drugs That Target Bacterial Cells – Antibiotics were first isolated from mold in 1928. – The widespread use of antibiotics drastically ...
Blimp1 regulates development of the posterior forelimb, caudal
... exclusively expressed in epiblast derivatives: that is, only the embryo proper (Hayashi et al., 2002). Sox2-Cre Prdm1BEH/flox embryos were collected at E10.5 through to E16.5 (Table 1). As expected, homozygous Prdm1–/– or Prdm1BEH/BEH null embryos failed to survive beyond E10.5. By contrast, Sox2-Cr ...
... exclusively expressed in epiblast derivatives: that is, only the embryo proper (Hayashi et al., 2002). Sox2-Cre Prdm1BEH/flox embryos were collected at E10.5 through to E16.5 (Table 1). As expected, homozygous Prdm1–/– or Prdm1BEH/BEH null embryos failed to survive beyond E10.5. By contrast, Sox2-Cr ...
Functional diversification of centrins and cell morphological
... the novel protein subfamilies, GSPATP00007371001 and GSPATP00017054001 may be true constituents of the ICL, as they were targeted by a significant number of peptides although they do not appear to be highly expressed proteins as judged by the number of sequenced expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (Aury ...
... the novel protein subfamilies, GSPATP00007371001 and GSPATP00017054001 may be true constituents of the ICL, as they were targeted by a significant number of peptides although they do not appear to be highly expressed proteins as judged by the number of sequenced expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (Aury ...
Biology Unit Title: Basic Biological Principles Timeline (approximate
... composition or number of chromosomes BIO.B.2.2.1 Describe how the processes of transcription and translation are similar in all organisms. BIO.B.2.2.2 Describe the role of ribosomes, ...
... composition or number of chromosomes BIO.B.2.2.1 Describe how the processes of transcription and translation are similar in all organisms. BIO.B.2.2.2 Describe the role of ribosomes, ...
lengthened g1 phase indicates differentiation status in
... Cyclin E and Cyclin D1; the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) CDK2 and CDK4; the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) p27 and p21; and the retinoblastoma protein (pRb). G1 can be divided into two phases: early G1 when pRb is un/hypophosphorylated and active and late G1 when pRb is hyperphosphorylat ...
... Cyclin E and Cyclin D1; the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) CDK2 and CDK4; the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) p27 and p21; and the retinoblastoma protein (pRb). G1 can be divided into two phases: early G1 when pRb is un/hypophosphorylated and active and late G1 when pRb is hyperphosphorylat ...
Neuronal body size correlates with the number of nucleoli
... most ganglion neurons remained adhered to the slide. Cell samples were processed in 96% ethanol at 4°C for 10 minutes, which increases the adhesion of cells to the slide, and rehydrated progressively in 70% ethanol and PBS. Then, the samples were sequentially treated with 0.5% Triton X-100 in PBS fo ...
... most ganglion neurons remained adhered to the slide. Cell samples were processed in 96% ethanol at 4°C for 10 minutes, which increases the adhesion of cells to the slide, and rehydrated progressively in 70% ethanol and PBS. Then, the samples were sequentially treated with 0.5% Triton X-100 in PBS fo ...
Involvement of reactive oxygen species in lanthanum
... increased from 10 to 300 μM (Fig. 1A–C). To further explore the effect of La on LR formation, we also analysed the initiation of LRP. As shown in Supplementary Fig. S1A, LRP initiation was increased in all four stages following exposure to 10–300 μM La. Consistent with the increased number of LRs, e ...
... increased from 10 to 300 μM (Fig. 1A–C). To further explore the effect of La on LR formation, we also analysed the initiation of LRP. As shown in Supplementary Fig. S1A, LRP initiation was increased in all four stages following exposure to 10–300 μM La. Consistent with the increased number of LRs, e ...
Engagement of the inhibitory receptor CD158a
... . We previously reported that renal tumors contained particular CD8+ infiltrating T cells ...
... . We previously reported that renal tumors contained particular CD8+ infiltrating T cells ...
Similarities and differences in the responses of microorganisms to
... where a clear knowledge of mechanisms of inactivation and of resistance enables logical conclusions to be reached about specificity and selectivity of action. Thus, as pointed out by Ghannoum & Rice,10 a comparison between, for example, antibacterial and antifungal resistance to antibiotics is limit ...
... where a clear knowledge of mechanisms of inactivation and of resistance enables logical conclusions to be reached about specificity and selectivity of action. Thus, as pointed out by Ghannoum & Rice,10 a comparison between, for example, antibacterial and antifungal resistance to antibiotics is limit ...
Shifts, Aneuploidy, and Loss of Heterozygosity Rapid Mechanisms
... eukaryotic cells can rapidly adapt to stressful environments (Selmecki et al. 2006, 2008; Rancati et al. 2008; Pavelka et al. 2010; Yona et al. 2012; Zhu et al. 2012; Tan et al. 2013). In this work, we review how sexual, parasexual, and asexual mechanisms contribute to karyotypic variation through p ...
... eukaryotic cells can rapidly adapt to stressful environments (Selmecki et al. 2006, 2008; Rancati et al. 2008; Pavelka et al. 2010; Yona et al. 2012; Zhu et al. 2012; Tan et al. 2013). In this work, we review how sexual, parasexual, and asexual mechanisms contribute to karyotypic variation through p ...
Glucocorticoid-Induced Plasma Membrane Depolarization during
... dye that responds to changes in plasma membrane potential (18, 30). Figure 1 provides an example of DiBAC4(3) fluorescence in freshly isolated thymocytes, spontaneously dying thymocytes, and thymocytes treated with dexamethasone for 6 h. Freshly isolated thymocytes have low DiBAC4(3) fluorescence, i ...
... dye that responds to changes in plasma membrane potential (18, 30). Figure 1 provides an example of DiBAC4(3) fluorescence in freshly isolated thymocytes, spontaneously dying thymocytes, and thymocytes treated with dexamethasone for 6 h. Freshly isolated thymocytes have low DiBAC4(3) fluorescence, i ...
... abundant and were found aggregated around unhealthy Microcystis cells and were the probable cause of deflation and lysis. These bacteria may have utilized the cyanobacteria cell contents as their nutrient source. In contrast to the control areas, the cyanobacteria cells were healthy and did not show ...
Quaternary ammonium surfactant structure determines selective
... Results: QAS toxicity normalized relative to surfactant critical micelle concentration showed n-dodecylpyridinium bromide (C12PB) to be the most effective, with a therapeutic index of ∼10 for an MDR strain of Escherichia coli and .20 for Neisseria gonorrhoeae after 1 h of exposure. Three modes of QA ...
... Results: QAS toxicity normalized relative to surfactant critical micelle concentration showed n-dodecylpyridinium bromide (C12PB) to be the most effective, with a therapeutic index of ∼10 for an MDR strain of Escherichia coli and .20 for Neisseria gonorrhoeae after 1 h of exposure. Three modes of QA ...
Chapter 3.05
... spatiotemporal manner, producing mature and functional GAG chains that exert biological functions dependent on their specific structure.3 Recent biochemical and molecular biological advances have led to the cloning of a series of enzymes responsible for the synthesis and modification of GAG chains, ...
... spatiotemporal manner, producing mature and functional GAG chains that exert biological functions dependent on their specific structure.3 Recent biochemical and molecular biological advances have led to the cloning of a series of enzymes responsible for the synthesis and modification of GAG chains, ...
Domain conservation in several volvocalean cell wall - UvA-DARE
... Based on our previous work demonstrating that (SerPro)x epitopes are common to extensin-like cell wall proteins in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, we looked for similar proteins in the distantly related species C. eugametos. Using a polyclonal antiserum against a (SerPro)l 0 oligopeptide, we found distin ...
... Based on our previous work demonstrating that (SerPro)x epitopes are common to extensin-like cell wall proteins in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, we looked for similar proteins in the distantly related species C. eugametos. Using a polyclonal antiserum against a (SerPro)l 0 oligopeptide, we found distin ...
Phosphatidylserine, a death knell
... to identify those cells in which PS was exposed in vivo. Non-apoptotic cells of all types were generally unlabeled, indicating that their PS was not exposed on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane and thus neatly demonstrating the ubiquity of PS asymmetry. Similar experiments in chick and Drosop ...
... to identify those cells in which PS was exposed in vivo. Non-apoptotic cells of all types were generally unlabeled, indicating that their PS was not exposed on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane and thus neatly demonstrating the ubiquity of PS asymmetry. Similar experiments in chick and Drosop ...
The Development of the Cnidoblasts of Hydra
... The rod-shaped mitochondria are sparse, randomly distributed in the cytoplasm, and display an internal organization that conforms to Palade's (25) original description of the fine structure of this organelle. The mitochondrial matrix appears amorphous and is slightly more dense than the ground subst ...
... The rod-shaped mitochondria are sparse, randomly distributed in the cytoplasm, and display an internal organization that conforms to Palade's (25) original description of the fine structure of this organelle. The mitochondrial matrix appears amorphous and is slightly more dense than the ground subst ...
The role of the cytoskeleton in the polarized growth of
... involved in the incorporation of new membrane and cellwall material, can be observed by electron microscopy (Akashi etal., 1993; Grove, 1978). The similarity in terms of distribution between actin and wall vesicles suggests that the accumulation of F-actin is probably involved in the localization of ...
... involved in the incorporation of new membrane and cellwall material, can be observed by electron microscopy (Akashi etal., 1993; Grove, 1978). The similarity in terms of distribution between actin and wall vesicles suggests that the accumulation of F-actin is probably involved in the localization of ...
Refraction effect in an in-plane-switching blue
... electrodes and cannot penetrate deeply into the BPLC bulk [21]. Low transmittance results from the “dead zones” on the top of the electrodes since only the horizontal electric field contributes to the transmittance of the IPS-BPLC cell. Moreover, the electric fields are not uniform in an IPS-BPLC c ...
... electrodes and cannot penetrate deeply into the BPLC bulk [21]. Low transmittance results from the “dead zones” on the top of the electrodes since only the horizontal electric field contributes to the transmittance of the IPS-BPLC cell. Moreover, the electric fields are not uniform in an IPS-BPLC c ...
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... purification of cellular products for biochemical analysis and proteomics, and allows various analytical procedures to be used in D. discoideum research that depend on the isotopic labelling of cellular components. The D. discoideum life cycle (as discussed in more detail below) is rapid at just 24 ...
... purification of cellular products for biochemical analysis and proteomics, and allows various analytical procedures to be used in D. discoideum research that depend on the isotopic labelling of cellular components. The D. discoideum life cycle (as discussed in more detail below) is rapid at just 24 ...
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... embryos used for counting progeny of opq′, the contribution of micromere opq′ was inferred by comparing the pattern of cells arising from cell OPQ with that arising from cell OPQ′′, using the subtractive method of Zackson (1982). For this purpose, the OPQ blastomere was injected with TRDA and the OP ...
... embryos used for counting progeny of opq′, the contribution of micromere opq′ was inferred by comparing the pattern of cells arising from cell OPQ with that arising from cell OPQ′′, using the subtractive method of Zackson (1982). For this purpose, the OPQ blastomere was injected with TRDA and the OP ...
Rapid movement of axonal neurofilaments interrupted by prolonged
... slow axonal transport, but attempts to observe this movement directly in living cells have yielded conflicting results. Here we report the direct observation of the axonal transport of neurofilament protein tagged with green fluorescent protein in cultured nerve cells. Live-cell imaging of naturally ...
... slow axonal transport, but attempts to observe this movement directly in living cells have yielded conflicting results. Here we report the direct observation of the axonal transport of neurofilament protein tagged with green fluorescent protein in cultured nerve cells. Live-cell imaging of naturally ...
Transient Exposure to Ethylene Stimulates Cell Division and Alters
... We first examined the effects of ethylene on stomatal development along the entire length of the hypocotyl. We grew seedlings in the dark in airtight containers throughout the treatment period. Three days after planting in normal air, we injected 10 mL L1 ethylene into the containers and after 2 d, ...
... We first examined the effects of ethylene on stomatal development along the entire length of the hypocotyl. We grew seedlings in the dark in airtight containers throughout the treatment period. Three days after planting in normal air, we injected 10 mL L1 ethylene into the containers and after 2 d, ...