Transverse Viscoelastic Extension in Nitella
... occurred at pH 3.5 (Fig. 1). Acid-stimulated creep was not inhibited by boiling in either methanol or water for 15 min, indicating that a physical rather than an enzymic mechanism is involved. Figure 2 illustrates the relationship between the stimulation obtained with acid and the in vivo growth rat ...
... occurred at pH 3.5 (Fig. 1). Acid-stimulated creep was not inhibited by boiling in either methanol or water for 15 min, indicating that a physical rather than an enzymic mechanism is involved. Figure 2 illustrates the relationship between the stimulation obtained with acid and the in vivo growth rat ...
The lysosomal signaling anchor p18/LAMTOR1 controls epidermal
... endosomes, where they are sorted; subsequently they are either recycled to the cell surface or targeted for degradation (Huotari and Helenius, 2011; Luzio et al., 2007). Materials fated for degradation are transported to late endosomes (Falguières et al., 2008; Falguières et al., 2009), which subs ...
... endosomes, where they are sorted; subsequently they are either recycled to the cell surface or targeted for degradation (Huotari and Helenius, 2011; Luzio et al., 2007). Materials fated for degradation are transported to late endosomes (Falguières et al., 2008; Falguières et al., 2009), which subs ...
Chapter 20: Protists
... • Protist- any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote. • Protists are eukaryotes, and most are unicellular. • The first eukaryotic organisms on Earth were protists (1.5 billion years ago). ...
... • Protist- any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote. • Protists are eukaryotes, and most are unicellular. • The first eukaryotic organisms on Earth were protists (1.5 billion years ago). ...
salinity change and cell volume: the response of tissues from the
... and focusing to an area where the epithelial layer was perpendicular to the plane of focus (refer to the micrograph showing plane of focus B in Fig. 1). In order to avoid artifactual changes in the measured cell height caused by changing geometry of the tissue, we were careful to measure epithelial ...
... and focusing to an area where the epithelial layer was perpendicular to the plane of focus (refer to the micrograph showing plane of focus B in Fig. 1). In order to avoid artifactual changes in the measured cell height caused by changing geometry of the tissue, we were careful to measure epithelial ...
OCTOPUS, a polarly localised membrane
... indicating that auxin-independent factors also play a role in this process (Candela et al., 1999; Carland et al., 1999; Carland et al., 2002). Notably, vascular development is embedded into a developmental context, as the formation of vascular strands usually occurs in growing tissues. In leaves, fo ...
... indicating that auxin-independent factors also play a role in this process (Candela et al., 1999; Carland et al., 1999; Carland et al., 2002). Notably, vascular development is embedded into a developmental context, as the formation of vascular strands usually occurs in growing tissues. In leaves, fo ...
Blood Stem Cell Activity Is Arrested by Th1
... (1–3). At steady-state, most HSCs are quiescent (4, 5), but in situations of increased demand, injury of cells, blood loss, and senescence they dynamically respond to generate more blood. An array of signals can trigger this HSC activity, such as cytokines released during infections, and possibly di ...
... (1–3). At steady-state, most HSCs are quiescent (4, 5), but in situations of increased demand, injury of cells, blood loss, and senescence they dynamically respond to generate more blood. An array of signals can trigger this HSC activity, such as cytokines released during infections, and possibly di ...
Article - Columbia University
... mm in males and 6.15 6 0.15 mm in females [mean 6 standard error of the mean (S.E.M.); n 5 30 cells chosen randomly from three separate animals]. These differences were not significant by a one-tailed t test ( p . .1 for both stage 56 and 64). Thus, nuclear size in n. IX-X is equivalent in male and ...
... mm in males and 6.15 6 0.15 mm in females [mean 6 standard error of the mean (S.E.M.); n 5 30 cells chosen randomly from three separate animals]. These differences were not significant by a one-tailed t test ( p . .1 for both stage 56 and 64). Thus, nuclear size in n. IX-X is equivalent in male and ...
Surface CD81 Via Microparticles Release and Intercellular Transfer
... T cells upon activation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs (Fig. 1B, upper panel). A similar reduction was observed on human tonsillar B cells after activation with anti-IgM mAbs and IL-4 (Fig. 1B, lower panel). Flow cytometric analysis with two different antiCD81 mAbs (clones JS81 and 1.3.3.22) yield ...
... T cells upon activation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs (Fig. 1B, upper panel). A similar reduction was observed on human tonsillar B cells after activation with anti-IgM mAbs and IL-4 (Fig. 1B, lower panel). Flow cytometric analysis with two different antiCD81 mAbs (clones JS81 and 1.3.3.22) yield ...
Arabidopsis RHD3 mediates the generation of the tubular ER
... RHD3 in the generation of the tubular ER network complements the Arabidopsis rhd3-1 mutant throughout the development of root, root hairs and adult plants (Fig. 1A–D; see also Fig. 3A and Fig. 8A for rhd3-1 phenotype). Confocal imaging of rhd3-1::GFP–RHD3 root epidermal cells revealed that the fusio ...
... RHD3 in the generation of the tubular ER network complements the Arabidopsis rhd3-1 mutant throughout the development of root, root hairs and adult plants (Fig. 1A–D; see also Fig. 3A and Fig. 8A for rhd3-1 phenotype). Confocal imaging of rhd3-1::GFP–RHD3 root epidermal cells revealed that the fusio ...
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... complement of intracellular organelles. However, as lens fiber cells mature they must destroy their organelles, including nuclei, in a process that has remained enigmatic for over a century, but which is crucial for the formation of the organelle-free zone in the center of the lens that assures clar ...
... complement of intracellular organelles. However, as lens fiber cells mature they must destroy their organelles, including nuclei, in a process that has remained enigmatic for over a century, but which is crucial for the formation of the organelle-free zone in the center of the lens that assures clar ...
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... However, the idea that UCB cells can be used for cardiac replacement therapy upon differentiation into cardiomyocytes [17–19] has been controversial, as these cells failed to form contractile tissue in vivo [20–22]. Furthermore, in a myocardial infarction setting, transplanted UCB-derived mononuclea ...
... However, the idea that UCB cells can be used for cardiac replacement therapy upon differentiation into cardiomyocytes [17–19] has been controversial, as these cells failed to form contractile tissue in vivo [20–22]. Furthermore, in a myocardial infarction setting, transplanted UCB-derived mononuclea ...
Dominant-lethal alpha-tubulin mutants defective in microtubule depolymerization in yeast.
... each can compensate for the loss of the other when expressed at appropriate levels (Schatz et al., 1986b). As part of a systematic charged-to-alanine mutagenesis of TUB1 (Richards et al., 2000), the allele TUB1-828 was obtained that consists of two changes in the amino acids predicted to be involved ...
... each can compensate for the loss of the other when expressed at appropriate levels (Schatz et al., 1986b). As part of a systematic charged-to-alanine mutagenesis of TUB1 (Richards et al., 2000), the allele TUB1-828 was obtained that consists of two changes in the amino acids predicted to be involved ...
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... copper complexes and then assessed for their response to miconazole or amphotericin B there is evidence of alterations in susceptibility. Pre-growth in 1/4 MIC90 Cu(ClO4 )2 ·6H2 O or [Cu(phendio)3](ClO4 )·4H2 O increased the tolerance of C. albicans to miconazole and amphotericin B, whereas pre-grow ...
... copper complexes and then assessed for their response to miconazole or amphotericin B there is evidence of alterations in susceptibility. Pre-growth in 1/4 MIC90 Cu(ClO4 )2 ·6H2 O or [Cu(phendio)3](ClO4 )·4H2 O increased the tolerance of C. albicans to miconazole and amphotericin B, whereas pre-grow ...
6 December 2009
... recent systematic study of the cleft width formed by HEK293 cells using thin sections prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by Wrobel et al. (2008) revealed that the cleft width formed between cells and a smooth silicon oxide substrate is not homogeneous, varying from tight attachment ...
... recent systematic study of the cleft width formed by HEK293 cells using thin sections prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by Wrobel et al. (2008) revealed that the cleft width formed between cells and a smooth silicon oxide substrate is not homogeneous, varying from tight attachment ...
elsevier first proof - University of Leicester
... His book, Recent Advances in Cytology (Darlington, 1932), p0030 was a remarkable synthesis of large amounts of data about chromosomes in mitosis and interphase, from plants and animals, organizing disparate observational data about the nucleus, although the interpretive statements in it were widely ...
... His book, Recent Advances in Cytology (Darlington, 1932), p0030 was a remarkable synthesis of large amounts of data about chromosomes in mitosis and interphase, from plants and animals, organizing disparate observational data about the nucleus, although the interpretive statements in it were widely ...
Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function Multiple
... 40) A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water, equal to the volume of blood lost, is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion? A) It will have no unfavorable effec ...
... 40) A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water, equal to the volume of blood lost, is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion? A) It will have no unfavorable effec ...
Target or barrier? The cell wall of early- and later
... effects of Cd contamination cannot be isolated from injuries caused by other environmental stresses and it might sometimes be difficult to predict the combinatory effect (Mittler, 2006). The simultaneous presence of different stresses might multiply the negative effects; however, as already observed ...
... effects of Cd contamination cannot be isolated from injuries caused by other environmental stresses and it might sometimes be difficult to predict the combinatory effect (Mittler, 2006). The simultaneous presence of different stresses might multiply the negative effects; however, as already observed ...
Functional coupling of microtubules to membranes
... In vivo, organelles do not move with a simple linear trajectory from A to B. Their path is interspersed with many stops and starts and, indeed, frequent changes of direction. The saltatory (‘stop–start’) motility could relate to the competing activity of opposing motors (i.e. a ‘tug-of-war’ between ...
... In vivo, organelles do not move with a simple linear trajectory from A to B. Their path is interspersed with many stops and starts and, indeed, frequent changes of direction. The saltatory (‘stop–start’) motility could relate to the competing activity of opposing motors (i.e. a ‘tug-of-war’ between ...
Functions and Mechanisms of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF
... proteins [2,3]. Moreover, from the possible FGFR/FGF combinations, human cells may utilize more than one at the same time and these sometimes trigger different, even antagonistic intracellular signals. In Drosophila, the htl and btl genes are expressed in distinct tissues and during different develo ...
... proteins [2,3]. Moreover, from the possible FGFR/FGF combinations, human cells may utilize more than one at the same time and these sometimes trigger different, even antagonistic intracellular signals. In Drosophila, the htl and btl genes are expressed in distinct tissues and during different develo ...
a comparative cytological and morphometric analysis of vacuolation
... symbiosomes together with surrounding them peribacteroidal membranes. Up to 20 thousands symbiosomes within one infected cell can be regarded as a new cytoplasmic compartment (Verma and Stanley 1985). Both infected and uninfected cells form the so-called central tissue (Vasse et al. 1990; Hirsch 1 ...
... symbiosomes together with surrounding them peribacteroidal membranes. Up to 20 thousands symbiosomes within one infected cell can be regarded as a new cytoplasmic compartment (Verma and Stanley 1985). Both infected and uninfected cells form the so-called central tissue (Vasse et al. 1990; Hirsch 1 ...
Shaping the metaphase chromosome: coordination of cohesion and
... condensin. Cohesin is required for holding sister chromatids (duplicated chromosomes) together from S phase until the metaphase-to-anaphase transition. Condensin is a central player in chromosome condensation, a process that initiates at the onset of mitosis. The main focus of this review is to disc ...
... condensin. Cohesin is required for holding sister chromatids (duplicated chromosomes) together from S phase until the metaphase-to-anaphase transition. Condensin is a central player in chromosome condensation, a process that initiates at the onset of mitosis. The main focus of this review is to disc ...
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... synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) but also to their oriented shape and structural organization, neuroglial cells present both molecular and topographical guidance stimuli for the development and outgrowth of neurons. A characteristic example includes radial glia, which are organized into regular ...
... synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) but also to their oriented shape and structural organization, neuroglial cells present both molecular and topographical guidance stimuli for the development and outgrowth of neurons. A characteristic example includes radial glia, which are organized into regular ...