Alamethicin permeabilizes the plasma membrane and mitochondria
... To investigate the effect of AlaM on plant cells, growing cells were harvested and their oxygen consumption registered during incubation with different concentrations of AlaM (Figure 1a). With increasing concentrations of AlaM, two effects were seen. A transient increase in oxygen consumption occurr ...
... To investigate the effect of AlaM on plant cells, growing cells were harvested and their oxygen consumption registered during incubation with different concentrations of AlaM (Figure 1a). With increasing concentrations of AlaM, two effects were seen. A transient increase in oxygen consumption occurr ...
Arabidopsis Phragmoplast-Associated Kinesins Play
... in the double mutants, very few such pollen grains were observed in the wild type and single mutants. The difference among pollen grains of these different genetic backgrounds was striking when they were classified into three categories: those with two sperm nuclei and one vegetative nucleus (2þ1); ...
... in the double mutants, very few such pollen grains were observed in the wild type and single mutants. The difference among pollen grains of these different genetic backgrounds was striking when they were classified into three categories: those with two sperm nuclei and one vegetative nucleus (2þ1); ...
Mastoparan Alters Subcellular Distribution of
... 1998). Importantly, recent genetic studies have revealed that profilin plays critical roles for basic processes of plant development (Ramachandran et al. 2000, McKinney et al. 2001). Profilins from non-plant systems are well known to interact with several classes of proteins that contain long contin ...
... 1998). Importantly, recent genetic studies have revealed that profilin plays critical roles for basic processes of plant development (Ramachandran et al. 2000, McKinney et al. 2001). Profilins from non-plant systems are well known to interact with several classes of proteins that contain long contin ...
Mid-term Review
... are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. ...
... are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. ...
antoniadi_et_al._2015.
... endodermis and QC (pSCARECROW:GFP [pSCR:GFP] expression) and lateral root cap, columella, columella initials, and QC cells (M0028:GFP expression) as also shown in Figure 3A. Root protoplasts were isolated from 8-d-old Arabidopsis seedlings expressing GFP in the specific cell types mentioned above and ...
... endodermis and QC (pSCARECROW:GFP [pSCR:GFP] expression) and lateral root cap, columella, columella initials, and QC cells (M0028:GFP expression) as also shown in Figure 3A. Root protoplasts were isolated from 8-d-old Arabidopsis seedlings expressing GFP in the specific cell types mentioned above and ...
Я-Amyloid-Induced Synthesis of the Ganglioside Gd3 Is a Requisite
... extracted from cultures of primary cortical neurons essentially as described previously (Auffray and Rougeon, 1980), except that cells were washed twice with ice-cold PBS and then scraped in 2 ml of cold 3 M LiC l /6 M urea and the procedure was scaled down appropriately. Finally, total RNA was subj ...
... extracted from cultures of primary cortical neurons essentially as described previously (Auffray and Rougeon, 1980), except that cells were washed twice with ice-cold PBS and then scraped in 2 ml of cold 3 M LiC l /6 M urea and the procedure was scaled down appropriately. Finally, total RNA was subj ...
Functional interaction between a novel protein phosphatase 2A
... that are responsible for the various biochemical processes that take place during cell division. The E2F transcription factor family plays an important part in cell cycle-regulated gene expression as it activates a number of genes that are required for DNA synthesis (Beijersbergen and Bernards, 1996 ...
... that are responsible for the various biochemical processes that take place during cell division. The E2F transcription factor family plays an important part in cell cycle-regulated gene expression as it activates a number of genes that are required for DNA synthesis (Beijersbergen and Bernards, 1996 ...
Studies of the cat`s medial interlaminar nucleus
... the A laminae are comprised mostly of X- and Y-cells, this suggests that, although Y-cells on average are larger than X-cells, considerable overlap exists in their size distribution. No differences between t h e ipsilateral and contralateral terminal zones were found on any measure. Since MIN cells ...
... the A laminae are comprised mostly of X- and Y-cells, this suggests that, although Y-cells on average are larger than X-cells, considerable overlap exists in their size distribution. No differences between t h e ipsilateral and contralateral terminal zones were found on any measure. Since MIN cells ...
The TACC proteins: TACC-ling microtubule dynamics and
... Maskin (TACC3) localizes to the spindle poles and along spindle microtubules in Xenopus egg extracts. Maskin is shown in green, microtubules in red, and DNA in blue. Below, the model shows that the targeting of TACC proteins to the spindle pole requires their phosphorylation by Aurora A (AurA), whic ...
... Maskin (TACC3) localizes to the spindle poles and along spindle microtubules in Xenopus egg extracts. Maskin is shown in green, microtubules in red, and DNA in blue. Below, the model shows that the targeting of TACC proteins to the spindle pole requires their phosphorylation by Aurora A (AurA), whic ...
Neutrophil trails guide influenza-specific CD8+ T cells in the airways
... is the most potent tissue-specific family of homing receptors for T cells and is subset-selective. Therefore, it is widely assumed that the distinct migratory properties and distribution patterns of different subsets of specialized T cells result from the differential expression of the chemokines an ...
... is the most potent tissue-specific family of homing receptors for T cells and is subset-selective. Therefore, it is widely assumed that the distinct migratory properties and distribution patterns of different subsets of specialized T cells result from the differential expression of the chemokines an ...
RalA ACTIVATION ASSAY BIOCHEM KIT
... activation ranges from 30 s to 30 min and declines thereafter to basal levels. For potent activators such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), the intensity of maximal RalA activation over “control state” (serum starved) cells is generally in the order of 2 fold. However, using a single time point you ...
... activation ranges from 30 s to 30 min and declines thereafter to basal levels. For potent activators such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), the intensity of maximal RalA activation over “control state” (serum starved) cells is generally in the order of 2 fold. However, using a single time point you ...
mycorrhizae - TeacherWeb
... Ericoid mycorrhizae - fungus grows loosely over lateral “hair” roots of the host plant and the hyphae penetrate the single layer of cortical cells. Ex: blueberries Orchid mycorrhizae – for all or part of their life cycle, orchids are obligately ...
... Ericoid mycorrhizae - fungus grows loosely over lateral “hair” roots of the host plant and the hyphae penetrate the single layer of cortical cells. Ex: blueberries Orchid mycorrhizae – for all or part of their life cycle, orchids are obligately ...
Decreased Lysosomal Dipeptidyl Aminopeptidase I Fibroblasts
... defect in the structure and function of the plasma membrane (1). The use of erythrocytes as model cells in plasma membrane research is firmly established, but the relative lack of metabolic and substructural complexity of these cells may limit their application to studies of subcellular structures, ...
... defect in the structure and function of the plasma membrane (1). The use of erythrocytes as model cells in plasma membrane research is firmly established, but the relative lack of metabolic and substructural complexity of these cells may limit their application to studies of subcellular structures, ...
Exploring glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5) enzymes
... and symbiotic systems [28]. The backbone of pectins is generally formed from α-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid units. Pectic polysaccharides are divided into three groups: homogalacturonan (HG), rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) and substituted galacturonans (SG) [29, 30]. HG is a partly methyl esterified ...
... and symbiotic systems [28]. The backbone of pectins is generally formed from α-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid units. Pectic polysaccharides are divided into three groups: homogalacturonan (HG), rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) and substituted galacturonans (SG) [29, 30]. HG is a partly methyl esterified ...
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... I have shown that the Rho GTPase Cdc42 controls the spreading of B cells, whereas two other molecules in the same family, Rac1 and Rac2, control homotypic adhesion. Further, I have shown ...
... I have shown that the Rho GTPase Cdc42 controls the spreading of B cells, whereas two other molecules in the same family, Rac1 and Rac2, control homotypic adhesion. Further, I have shown ...
Embryonic Stem Cells: from Blastocyst to in vitro Differentiation
... 2005). The mechanical transfer method is laborious and time-consuming, although remains an efficient technique for the transfer of undifferentiated hES cells and results in similar clump sizes. The enzymatic transfer method is used when the bulk production of cells are required for various experimen ...
... 2005). The mechanical transfer method is laborious and time-consuming, although remains an efficient technique for the transfer of undifferentiated hES cells and results in similar clump sizes. The enzymatic transfer method is used when the bulk production of cells are required for various experimen ...
Mass transfer –limited bacterial growth
... When 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2g L-1of anthracene are added, linear growth is observed after 20-40h lag phase in figure1. But it is totally different when large amount (30g L-1) is added. Exponential growth at beginning and zero growth after 11 days of incubation are found. With small amount of anthracene, the ...
... When 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2g L-1of anthracene are added, linear growth is observed after 20-40h lag phase in figure1. But it is totally different when large amount (30g L-1) is added. Exponential growth at beginning and zero growth after 11 days of incubation are found. With small amount of anthracene, the ...
Auxin transport through non-hair cells sustains root
... Auxin distribution is controlled by the movement of auxin into and out of individual cells. Protonated auxin enters cells from the cell wall by diffusion, while the ion enters via the activity of AUX1/LAX auxin-influx facilitators. AUX1 activity increases efficiency of auxin uptake compared to diffu ...
... Auxin distribution is controlled by the movement of auxin into and out of individual cells. Protonated auxin enters cells from the cell wall by diffusion, while the ion enters via the activity of AUX1/LAX auxin-influx facilitators. AUX1 activity increases efficiency of auxin uptake compared to diffu ...
S. cerevisiae Mitotic Exit Activator
... are Clnl, Cln2, and Cln3. S-phase cyclins begin to increase at the end of G1, and are inactivated during mitosis. In budding yeast, Clb5 and Clb6-associated kinases are important for promoting DNA synthesis, but in their absence, the mitotic CDKs (Clbl, Clb2, Clb3, and Clb4) can substitute to initia ...
... are Clnl, Cln2, and Cln3. S-phase cyclins begin to increase at the end of G1, and are inactivated during mitosis. In budding yeast, Clb5 and Clb6-associated kinases are important for promoting DNA synthesis, but in their absence, the mitotic CDKs (Clbl, Clb2, Clb3, and Clb4) can substitute to initia ...
Organization and translation of mRNA in sympathetic axons
... organelles generated there (Grafstein and Forman, 1980; Vallee and Bloom, 1991). However, axons do carry out autonomous synthesis of many macromolecules, notably lipids (Vance et al., 1991; De Chaves et al., 1995) and proteins (Koenig and Giuditta, 1999; Alvarez et al., 2000). Thus, it seems likely ...
... organelles generated there (Grafstein and Forman, 1980; Vallee and Bloom, 1991). However, axons do carry out autonomous synthesis of many macromolecules, notably lipids (Vance et al., 1991; De Chaves et al., 1995) and proteins (Koenig and Giuditta, 1999; Alvarez et al., 2000). Thus, it seems likely ...
Evolution and Diversity of Plant Cell Walls: From Algae to Flowering
... playing a key role in their environmental interactions. This has resulted in compositional variation that is dependent on developmental stage, cell type, and season. Further variation is evident that has a phylogenetic basis. Plants and algae have a complex phylogenetic history, including acquisitio ...
... playing a key role in their environmental interactions. This has resulted in compositional variation that is dependent on developmental stage, cell type, and season. Further variation is evident that has a phylogenetic basis. Plants and algae have a complex phylogenetic history, including acquisitio ...
Muscles of the Body
... A motor unit ◦ A motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it stimulates May innervate from 1 up to 3000 muscle fibers All fibers within a motor unit contract or none do. When the nerve impulse reaches the terminal end of the motor nerve Myoneural junction (Neuromuscular junction) Causes ace ...
... A motor unit ◦ A motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it stimulates May innervate from 1 up to 3000 muscle fibers All fibers within a motor unit contract or none do. When the nerve impulse reaches the terminal end of the motor nerve Myoneural junction (Neuromuscular junction) Causes ace ...
Genetic and Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Reactive
... organism that affects factors such as health, fitness, growth, and survival. The stress tolerance of an organism depends, in part, on its evolutionary and genetic capacity for adaptation and, in part, on individual life history. Plants are due to their constitution unable to escape from environmenta ...
... organism that affects factors such as health, fitness, growth, and survival. The stress tolerance of an organism depends, in part, on its evolutionary and genetic capacity for adaptation and, in part, on individual life history. Plants are due to their constitution unable to escape from environmenta ...
PDF
... cultures made no detectable difference to their outgrowth. Dermomyotomes were occasionally affected by the addition of avian transferrin. This tissue, which is of an epithelial nature, always maintained its integrity in the absence of transferrin, allowing very few individual cells to escape the epi ...
... cultures made no detectable difference to their outgrowth. Dermomyotomes were occasionally affected by the addition of avian transferrin. This tissue, which is of an epithelial nature, always maintained its integrity in the absence of transferrin, allowing very few individual cells to escape the epi ...