Nuclease activities and cell death processes
... in medicine and agriculture are produced by this genus (Baltz, 1998). In Streptomyces the exponential growth phase coincides with the vegetative phase, which is characterized by the presence of hyphae with few septa between the cells. Next an aerial mycelium phase occurs, ...
... in medicine and agriculture are produced by this genus (Baltz, 1998). In Streptomyces the exponential growth phase coincides with the vegetative phase, which is characterized by the presence of hyphae with few septa between the cells. Next an aerial mycelium phase occurs, ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... chromatography in solvent (b). Microfibrils were also completely solubilized by endo1,3-@-glucanasebut were unaffected by amylase. They were partially soluble in dilute alkali and almost completely soluble in 0.3 M-NaOH (Table 4). Electron microscopy of the alkali-insoluble residue revealed microfib ...
... chromatography in solvent (b). Microfibrils were also completely solubilized by endo1,3-@-glucanasebut were unaffected by amylase. They were partially soluble in dilute alkali and almost completely soluble in 0.3 M-NaOH (Table 4). Electron microscopy of the alkali-insoluble residue revealed microfib ...
PDF
... (see supplementary material Fig. S1K,L) and the motoneuronspecific D42-Gal4 (Parkes et al., 1998), when used to target Gαo through expression of RNAi or Ptx, also led to a substantial decrease in bouton numbers (Fig. 2B). The Wg-secreting type Ib boutons (Packard et al., 2002) appeared more severely ...
... (see supplementary material Fig. S1K,L) and the motoneuronspecific D42-Gal4 (Parkes et al., 1998), when used to target Gαo through expression of RNAi or Ptx, also led to a substantial decrease in bouton numbers (Fig. 2B). The Wg-secreting type Ib boutons (Packard et al., 2002) appeared more severely ...
Antibody Binding to Cryptococcus neoformans Impairs Budding by
... cryptococcosis depends greatly on their capacity to interact with the capsule (26). For instance, the capacity of mAbs to GXM to alter the optical properties of the capsule (i.e., “quellung” effect or capsular swelling) and their fluorescence-binding pattern (i.e., annular or punctate) correlated wi ...
... cryptococcosis depends greatly on their capacity to interact with the capsule (26). For instance, the capacity of mAbs to GXM to alter the optical properties of the capsule (i.e., “quellung” effect or capsular swelling) and their fluorescence-binding pattern (i.e., annular or punctate) correlated wi ...
Homologous pairing and the role of pairing centers in meiosis
... Specific, but similar, target sequences for each of the zinc-finger proteins have recently been identified and found to be enriched in the PC regions of the appropriate chromosomes. These sequences are repeats of varying length and spacing that all have similar 12-bp core sequences, which have been ...
... Specific, but similar, target sequences for each of the zinc-finger proteins have recently been identified and found to be enriched in the PC regions of the appropriate chromosomes. These sequences are repeats of varying length and spacing that all have similar 12-bp core sequences, which have been ...
measuring force in the developing zebrafish embryo using
... embryo. During zebrafish epiboly, cell divisions in the outer enveloping layer (EVL) occur in the plane of greatest force and it has been suggested that tension orientation plays a role in aligning the mitotic spindles [5]. These forces have also been proposed to drive the spreading of the EVL, allo ...
... embryo. During zebrafish epiboly, cell divisions in the outer enveloping layer (EVL) occur in the plane of greatest force and it has been suggested that tension orientation plays a role in aligning the mitotic spindles [5]. These forces have also been proposed to drive the spreading of the EVL, allo ...
T cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 is a primary target for
... signaling (25), or a combination of pathways. Decreased phosphorylation of various signaling molecules, such as Erk, Vav, PLCγ and PI3 kinase (PI3K), has been reported (21, 24), but these molecules are common effectors shared by both the TCR and costimulatory pathways and also may not be direct targ ...
... signaling (25), or a combination of pathways. Decreased phosphorylation of various signaling molecules, such as Erk, Vav, PLCγ and PI3 kinase (PI3K), has been reported (21, 24), but these molecules are common effectors shared by both the TCR and costimulatory pathways and also may not be direct targ ...
Engineering microfluidic concentration gradient generators for
... biological studies, fundamental understanding of the transport processes would allow biologists to leverage on microfluidics to interrogate complex biological systems. In the last fifteen years, the use of microfluidic gradient generators has had a great impact on biological applications, prompting ...
... biological studies, fundamental understanding of the transport processes would allow biologists to leverage on microfluidics to interrogate complex biological systems. In the last fifteen years, the use of microfluidic gradient generators has had a great impact on biological applications, prompting ...
Engineering microfluidic concentration gradient generators for
... biological studies, fundamental understanding of the transport processes would allow biologists to leverage on microfluidics to interrogate complex biological systems. In the last fifteen years, the use of microfluidic gradient generators has had a great impact on biological applications, prompting ...
... biological studies, fundamental understanding of the transport processes would allow biologists to leverage on microfluidics to interrogate complex biological systems. In the last fifteen years, the use of microfluidic gradient generators has had a great impact on biological applications, prompting ...
The Role of Target of Rapamycin Signaling
... because specific components of this complex, such as RICTOR and stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting protein1, seem to be absent from the genomes of photosynthetic organisms. However, plants may still possess a functional equivalent of TORC2, although its complex components m ...
... because specific components of this complex, such as RICTOR and stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting protein1, seem to be absent from the genomes of photosynthetic organisms. However, plants may still possess a functional equivalent of TORC2, although its complex components m ...
Location and Size of Dopaminergic and Serotonergic Cell
... nigra (SN), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and retrorubral field (RrF) project to the striatum, cortex, and nucleus accumbens (Björklund and Lindvall, 1984). They modulate a variety of functions, such as movement, rewarding, cognition, and feeding (Zhou and Palmiter, 1995; Cooper et al., 2001). A dy ...
... nigra (SN), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and retrorubral field (RrF) project to the striatum, cortex, and nucleus accumbens (Björklund and Lindvall, 1984). They modulate a variety of functions, such as movement, rewarding, cognition, and feeding (Zhou and Palmiter, 1995; Cooper et al., 2001). A dy ...
Mutations in the Arabidopsis RPK1 gene uncouple cotyledon
... The determination of organ number is specifically controlled in all organisms. Plant seedlings, for example, may have either one or two cotyledons, depending on the species. The determination of cotyledon number is a critical process during embryogenesis. Its importance is reflected in modern taxono ...
... The determination of organ number is specifically controlled in all organisms. Plant seedlings, for example, may have either one or two cotyledons, depending on the species. The determination of cotyledon number is a critical process during embryogenesis. Its importance is reflected in modern taxono ...
Extracellular Pectinolytic Enzymes of Fungi Elicit
... incubated at 30 "C. At intervals, portions of the incubation mixture were withdrawn, autoclaved and added to carrot cell culture to test elicitor activity (Fig. 1). The elicitor activity of the incubation mixture was low at time 0 but it increased with time and two peaks of elicitor activity appeare ...
... incubated at 30 "C. At intervals, portions of the incubation mixture were withdrawn, autoclaved and added to carrot cell culture to test elicitor activity (Fig. 1). The elicitor activity of the incubation mixture was low at time 0 but it increased with time and two peaks of elicitor activity appeare ...
3 Adhesion and Adhesives of Fungi and Oomycetes
... mucilage released from the spore tip. The acr1-conidia fail to produce the spore tip mucilage, are non-adherent, and are inefficient in forming appressoria. While mutants in regulatory genes are extremely informative about pathways (e.g., Liu and Kolattukudy 1999), they are not as useful for adhesio ...
... mucilage released from the spore tip. The acr1-conidia fail to produce the spore tip mucilage, are non-adherent, and are inefficient in forming appressoria. While mutants in regulatory genes are extremely informative about pathways (e.g., Liu and Kolattukudy 1999), they are not as useful for adhesio ...
Mast Cell-Derived Exosomes Induce Phenotypic and Functional
... participants in innate as well as specific immune responses. Recent work provided evidence that MCs are able to activate B and T lymphocytes through the release of vesicles called exosomes. Here we demonstrate that exosomes, which are located in the endocytic pathway, harbor exogenous Ags that assoc ...
... participants in innate as well as specific immune responses. Recent work provided evidence that MCs are able to activate B and T lymphocytes through the release of vesicles called exosomes. Here we demonstrate that exosomes, which are located in the endocytic pathway, harbor exogenous Ags that assoc ...
PDF
... from the marker data. One of the few exceptions, in which the spatio-temporal pattern of tissue deformation characteristics was quantitatively analyzed, is the study by Marcon et al. (2011). The authors constructed a tissue deformation map for the mouse limb and estimated the spatio-temporal pattern ...
... from the marker data. One of the few exceptions, in which the spatio-temporal pattern of tissue deformation characteristics was quantitatively analyzed, is the study by Marcon et al. (2011). The authors constructed a tissue deformation map for the mouse limb and estimated the spatio-temporal pattern ...
Regulation of KNOLLE syntaxin - Journal of Cell Science
... synaptobrevins (Fukuda et al., 2000; McNew et al., 2000; Parlati et al., 2000). KNOLLE is a distant member of the plasma membrane subgroup of the syntaxin family but has no close counterpart among yeast or animal syntaxins (Lukowitz et al., 1996; Sanderfoot et al., 2000). However, syntaxins with ana ...
... synaptobrevins (Fukuda et al., 2000; McNew et al., 2000; Parlati et al., 2000). KNOLLE is a distant member of the plasma membrane subgroup of the syntaxin family but has no close counterpart among yeast or animal syntaxins (Lukowitz et al., 1996; Sanderfoot et al., 2000). However, syntaxins with ana ...
Bactericidal, Bacteriolytic, and Antibacterial Virulence Activities of
... cell wall of S. mutans [11]. This present study revealed that treatment of S. pyogenes cells with B. pandurata extract resulted in cell lysis. A possible mechanism of action may be associated with cell wall and membrane damage. Proteases have long been considered as virulence factors for organisms a ...
... cell wall of S. mutans [11]. This present study revealed that treatment of S. pyogenes cells with B. pandurata extract resulted in cell lysis. A possible mechanism of action may be associated with cell wall and membrane damage. Proteases have long been considered as virulence factors for organisms a ...
Endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria contacts: function of the junction
... Press. Images in D and E are reproduced, with permission, from REF. 5 © (2010) Rockefeller University Press. ...
... Press. Images in D and E are reproduced, with permission, from REF. 5 © (2010) Rockefeller University Press. ...
The maize mutant narrow sheath fails to establish
... leaf development ensues, whereupon all founder cell derivatives divide approximately equally to form a 4 mm long [P3] primordium (Poethig, 1984). This unanimous and equal division in the epidermis of leaf primordial cells was later confirmed by Sylvester et al. (1990) using scanning electron microsc ...
... leaf development ensues, whereupon all founder cell derivatives divide approximately equally to form a 4 mm long [P3] primordium (Poethig, 1984). This unanimous and equal division in the epidermis of leaf primordial cells was later confirmed by Sylvester et al. (1990) using scanning electron microsc ...
Cotto J. Fox S. Morimoto R . HSF1 granules
... a general diffuse nuclear staining pattern under control conditions (Fig. 3C). Upon heat shock, mHSF1-Flag (Fig. 3E) localizes to the same granules detected with the monoclonal antibodies which recognize human HSF1 (Fig. 3D and F). Similar results of co-localization were observed using HSF1GFP (Fig. ...
... a general diffuse nuclear staining pattern under control conditions (Fig. 3C). Upon heat shock, mHSF1-Flag (Fig. 3E) localizes to the same granules detected with the monoclonal antibodies which recognize human HSF1 (Fig. 3D and F). Similar results of co-localization were observed using HSF1GFP (Fig. ...
Left-right axis determination - Izpisua Belmonte Lab
... fish and amphibians before the action of cilia and the leftward fluid flow. In zebrafish embryos the earliest element known to control L–R axis determination is the action of the H+ /K+ ATPase.43 Interestingly, this activity does not alter cilia or fluid flow dynamics, which emerge at later stages.4 ...
... fish and amphibians before the action of cilia and the leftward fluid flow. In zebrafish embryos the earliest element known to control L–R axis determination is the action of the H+ /K+ ATPase.43 Interestingly, this activity does not alter cilia or fluid flow dynamics, which emerge at later stages.4 ...
Ciliary Microtubule Capping Structures Contain A
... affinity-purified antibodies were tested by immunoblotting as shown in Fig. 4 (lanes 3 and 3') and found to bind exclusively to the 97-kD protein in the cap fraction and to no proteins in the axonemal fraction. The 34-kD polypeptide that occasionally stained in the capping or axonemal fraction was n ...
... affinity-purified antibodies were tested by immunoblotting as shown in Fig. 4 (lanes 3 and 3') and found to bind exclusively to the 97-kD protein in the cap fraction and to no proteins in the axonemal fraction. The 34-kD polypeptide that occasionally stained in the capping or axonemal fraction was n ...