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Cindy - Anatomy of a Window
Cindy - Anatomy of a Window

... Command-line interface required users to know DOS commands and syntax Windows 3.1 was the first stable GUI from Microsoft Windows 3.1 was an application on top of DOS rather than a true operating system Windows 3.11 added network capability ...
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Chapter 5: Windows Installation
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Lecture 1 - Concepts of the UNIX Operating System
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... Create a method and add the code to check if the data has been saved in the form closing method. After writing this method to handle the FormClosing event, its needs to be assigned as the form's FormClosing event handler while in Design Mode. After assigning it to the form, the method is automatical ...
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Batch file

A batch file is a kind of script file in DOS, OS/2 and Windows. It consists of a series of commands to be executed by the command line interpreter, stored in a plain text file. A batch file may contain any command the interpreter accepts interactively and use constructs that enable conditional branching and looping within the batch file, such as ""if"", ""for"", ""goto"" and labels.Similar to Job Control Language (JCL) and other systems on mainframe and minicomputer systems, batch files were added to ease the work required for certain regular tasks by allowing the user to set up a script to automate them. When a batch file is run, the shell program (usually COMMAND.COM or cmd.exe) reads the file and executes its commands, normally line-by-line. Unix-like operating systems (such as Linux) have a similar, but more flexible, type of file called a shell script.The filename extension .bat is used in DOS and Windows. Windows NT and OS/2 also added .cmd. Batch files for other environments may have different extensions, e.g. .btm in 4DOS, 4OS2 and 4NT related shells.The detailed handling of batch files has changed. Some of the detail in this article applies to all batch files while other details apply only to certain versions.
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