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PowerPoint Presentation - Kingdom: Protista
PowerPoint Presentation - Kingdom: Protista

... Have pseudopods (Greek:“false foot”) ...
neuro5
neuro5

... Challenge question: Suppose each IPSP hyperpolarizes by 5 mV and each EPSP depolarizes by 5 mV. If 4 inhibitory synapses are active at the same time, how many excitatory synapses must be active simultaneously to exceed threshold (-55 mV) if the resting membrane potential is -70mV? ...
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... • If a plant cell and its surroundings are isotonic, there is no net movement of water into the cell; the cell becomes flaccid (limp), and the plant may wilt • In a hypertonic environment, plant cells lose water; eventually, the membrane pulls away from the wall, a usually lethal effect called plasm ...
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... to be different from those of mammalian cells (Evans, 1976). Tanabe et al. ( 1979) considered the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio to be one of the reasons for the variable susceptibility to infection of some host cells like maturing red blood cells. After enzymic digestion of the polysaccharide cell ...
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2015 Schmidt W Pulse control and root hair development Nature
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... parts of the body. Since the blood flow is rapid and at a high pressure, the arteries have thick elastic walls. b. Veins- Veins are the vessels which carry carbon dioxide-rich blood from all parts of the body back to the heart. The veins have thin walls. There are valves present in veins which allow ...
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chapter_outline1_5

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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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