Download Transportation in Animals and Plants

Transportation in Animals and Plants
1. Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.
Column I
Column II
i. Stomata
a. Absorption of water
ii. Xylem
b. Transpiration
iii. Root hairs
c. Transport of food
iv. Phloem
d. Transport of water
e. Synthesis of carbohydrates
2. Fill in the blanks.
i. The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the arteries.
ii. Haemoglobin is present in Red Blood cells.
iii. Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries.
iv. The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called heart beat.
v. The main excretory product in human beings is urea.
vi. Sweat contains water and salts.
vii. Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine.
viii. Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by transpiration.
3. Choose the correct options:
a. In plants, water is transported throughi. Xylem
ii. Phloem
iii. Stomata
iv. Root hair
b. Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plantsi. In the shade
ii. In dim light.
iii. Under the fan iv. Covered with a polythene
bag
4. Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.
Transport of materials is necessary in plants so that water and minerals can be supplied from
roots to leaves to make food by photosynthesis. The food made by leaves can be supplied to
other parts of the plant.
Transport of materials is necessary in animals to supply oxygen and glucose to different cells for
producing energy and to remove the wastes from the body.
5. What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?
Blood platelets help in clotting of the blood when bleeding takes place. So, if there are no
platelets the clotting of blood will not take place in an injury and there will be loss of blood. The
person may die.
6. What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.
The tiny pores present on the surface of the leaves are called stomata. Their functions area. Exchange of gases
b. Transpiration
7. Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain.
Transpiration generates suction pull, which pulls up water absorbed by the roots from soil to
great heights. It also cools the plants.
8. What are the components of blood?
Blood is a fluid, which flows in blood vessels. It has two components (parts)a. The fluid part of the blood is called plasma. It is a solution of glucose and salts in water.
b. The cellular part of blood has three types of components-
i. Red Blood Cells that contain a red pigment called haemoglobin. They transport oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the body.
ii. White Blood Cells that fight against germs that enter the body.
iii. Blood Platelets clot the blood in an injury and thus prevent blood loss.
9. Why is blood needed by all the parts of the body?
Blood is the fluid which flows in blood vessels. It is needed by all parts of the body becausea. It transports substances like digested food from the small intestine to the other parts of the
body.
b. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body.
c. It also transports waste for removal from the body.
10. What makes the blood look red?
A red pigment called Haemoglobin present in the red blood cells makes the blood look red.
11. Describe the function of the heart.
The heart is an organ, which beats continuously to pump blood that carries other substances like
oxygen, carbon dioxide, urea etc. Its size is about the size of our fist.
The heart has four chambers. The two upper chambers are
called the atria and the two lower chambers are called the
ventricles. The partition between the chambers helps to
avoid mixing up of blood rich in oxygen with the blood rich
in carbon dioxide.
The right atrium receives blood rich in carbon dioxide from
different parts of the body. The blood is then sent to lungs
by pulmonary artery from the right ventricle. In the lungs
CO2 is removed into the air and fresh O2 is absorbed into
the blood.
The left atrium receives O2 rich blood by the pulmonary
veins. The left ventricle pumps this blood to all parts of the body.
12. Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
The waste products are toxic and harmful if retained in the body for long time. So, these should
be removed from the body as soon as formed.
13. Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.
Kidney
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Urinary opening
Human Excretory System
14. Define Excretion.
The process of removal of wastes produced in the cells of the living organisms is called
excretion.
15. Name the different parts of Human Excretory System.
Different parts of Human excretory system are- Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary bladder and Urethra.
16. What does urine consist of?
Urine has 95 % water, 2.5 % urea and 2.5 % other waste products.
17. Define the followinga. Arteries- Arteries are the blood vessels, which carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to all
parts of the body. Since the blood flow is rapid and at a high pressure, the arteries have thick
elastic walls.
b. Veins- Veins are the vessels which carry carbon dioxide-rich blood from all parts of the body
back to the heart. The veins have thin walls. There are valves present in veins which allow blood
to flow only towards the heart.
c. Capillaries- Capillaries are the blood vessels with very thin walls. These help in exchange of
materials between blood and cells.
d. Xylem- The vascular tissue for the transport of water and nutrients in the plant is called the
xylem. It transports water and minerals from roots to the leaves for photosynthesis.
e. Phloem- The vascular tissue that transports food from the leaves to all parts of the plant is
called phloem.
f. Transpiration- The loss of water through the stomata of leaves by evaporation is called
transpiration.
18. What is pulse rate? What is the pulse rate of a resting person?
The number of beats per minute is called the pulse rate. The pulse rate of a resting person is
about 72 to 80 beats per minute.
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K. P. Singh, Biology Department, Delhi Public School, Mathura Refinery Nagar, Mathura