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Emerging biological roles of Cl− intracellular channel proteins
Emerging biological roles of Cl− intracellular channel proteins

... The notion that CLIC proteins – not to be confused with the CLC family of intracellular Cl− transporters (Stauber and Jentsch, 2013) – might function as intracellular Cl− channels has a long, and somewhat peculiar, history (Littler et al., 2010; Singh, 2010). Its founding member, the atypical p64/CL ...
Program and course description 16.4.- 20.4.2012
Program and course description 16.4.- 20.4.2012

... 1. Joel Glover - Stem cells, self renewal and differentiation potential 2. Enikö Sonkoly - MicroRNAs as disease markers: focus on the immune system and inflammation 3. Andor Pivarcsi - MicroRNAs and cancer with emphasis on skin cancer 4. Rune B Jakobsen - MicroRNAs and differentiation of stem cells ...
The septins: roles in cytokinesis and other processes Mark S
The septins: roles in cytokinesis and other processes Mark S

... or in the likely locations in animal systems (for example, see [27-33]). (One possible exception is the periodic densities seen in the intercellular bridges that persist after division of some embryonic Drosophila cells [34]; these densities might represent cross-sections of structures comparable to ...
How viruses damage cells: alterations in plasma
How viruses damage cells: alterations in plasma

... situation: (i) during the toxin-like action of paramyxoviruses when fusing with susceptible cells, and (ii) during an infectious cycle initiated by different viruses in various cell types. The nature of the permeability changes induced during the toxin-like action of viruses, and its modulation by e ...
Plasma Membranes
Plasma Membranes

... There are two types of proteins in the plasma membrane; EXTRINSIC PROTEINS – these proteins are found on the outer and inner surfaces of the membrane but do not penetrate the whole membrane. INTRINSIC PROTEINS – these proteins penetrate the whole plasma membrane. The functions of the membrane prote ...
Grüning et al. The structural basis for inhibition of triosephosphate
Grüning et al. The structural basis for inhibition of triosephosphate

... Cloning, Recombinant TPI expression and purification DNA fragments encoding human TPI were obtained by PCR using the p413GPD-TPI and p413GPDTPIIle170Val plasmids (1) as templates, human TPI Ile170Thr and TPI Lys13Arg alleles were generated by site directed PCR mutagenesis. The DNA fragments were lig ...
Journal of Applied Biomedicine REVIEW Cell wall
Journal of Applied Biomedicine REVIEW Cell wall

... The structures covering cell surfaces, i.e., the extracellular matrix in animal cells and the cell wall in prokaryotes, plant and fungi, have been viewed differently. While many functions, such as the involvement in differentiation, cell-to-cell interactions or development of tissues and organs, are ...
Cell wall-cytoplasm signalling
Cell wall-cytoplasm signalling

... cytoplasm. These findings direct our thinking towards a more dynamic view of the plant cell wall, i.e., the structure which is, in fact, an elaborated extracellular matrix (Bolwell 1993, Shibaoka 1994, ...
Nod factor internalization and microtubular
Nod factor internalization and microtubular

... In legumes such as alfalfa and vetch, the nodule meristem remains active for several weeks, thus leading to the formation of elongated indeterminate nodules comprising central and peripheral tissues. Histologically, central tissues are organized into five well-defined zones: the apical meristematic ...
The Promise and Challenge of Induced€Pluripotent Stem Cells for
The Promise and Challenge of Induced€Pluripotent Stem Cells for

... on the current results of pre-clinical and clinical studies using iPSC for these applications with appropriate emphasis on the challenges facing clinical translation. (J Am Coll Cardiol Basic Trans Science 2016;1:510–23) © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of ...
Cell Wall Architecture Prerequisite for the Cell Division in the
Cell Wall Architecture Prerequisite for the Cell Division in the

... L.) was observed by thin-sectioning electron microscopy. The freshly isolated protoplasts as well as 3 day-old cells were spherical in shape and no deposition of cell wall materials was observed (Fig. 2a, b). At 10 d of protoplast culture, it was found that the wall materials were deposited scattere ...
The endoplasmic reticulum exerts control over organelle streaming
The endoplasmic reticulum exerts control over organelle streaming

... critical for plant cell growth (Peremyslov et al., 2008; Peremyslov et al., 2010; Tominaga et al., 2013). However, because cytoplasmic streaming analyses in plants have been conducted on fully expanded cells (Peremyslov et al., 2010; Prokhnevsky et al., 2008; Ueda et al., 2010), it is yet unknown wh ...
Honors Biology
Honors Biology

... Available Equipment and Materials, Storage Location: Microscopes in room 409 and 813A Misc. Materials located in biology rooms 813, 815, 409 Expendable material that must be teacher supplied or ordered Unit # 2: Ecology ...
Lab 11
Lab 11

... b. Which organ makes urine? Which organ stores urine until it is released? c. One of the organs you examined makes bile, a fluid used in digestion. Another, small organ, stores bile. Identify these two organs d. The most important organ in the digestive system is the small intestine. This is where m ...
video slide
video slide

... There is an anterior swelling (‘brain’), and segmentalised body with segmented blocks of muscle. Unlike the arthropods and molluscs the brain does not encircle the gut – happens to be a good design for large body sizes. Most chordates have bones along their nerve cord, making them vertebrates. Not a ...
Chapter 10: Circulatory System and Lymphatic
Chapter 10: Circulatory System and Lymphatic

... • A patient’s own bone marrow stem cells (adult stem cells) could be used to treat diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, or brain disorders • Some researchers prefer using embryonic stem cells since they may be more likely to become any type of cell o Can be collected from unused embryos in fertil ...
Chapter 1 Study Guide
Chapter 1 Study Guide

... Atom --> Molecule  macromolecule  organelle--> cell --> tissue --> organs --> organ systems --> organism Characteristics of Life - Fundamental characteristics of life are traits shared by all organisms. Characteristics of life include: - List 10 characteristics ...
Read and translate the following definitions
Read and translate the following definitions

... produced. Carbon dioxide is carried in veins back to your heart and then back to your lungs. Carbon dioxide is removed from your lungs when you exhale. The respiratory system helps keep you healthy. When you inhale, air is warmed by blood vessels inside your nose. Mucus inside your nose traps dirt t ...
Embryonic stem cell differentiation and the analysis of mammalian
Embryonic stem cell differentiation and the analysis of mammalian

... Although cellular criteria have been used to identify two pluripoand differentiation. However, when EPL cells are cultured in the tent cell populations within the early embryo (ICM and primitive absence of MEDII in medium supplemented with LIF, pluripotence ectoderm), other evidence suggests that pr ...
Cell cycle`s deregulation and cardiovascular diseases
Cell cycle`s deregulation and cardiovascular diseases

... Biologia Celular e Molecular II ...
Drug delivery systems based on sugar
Drug delivery systems based on sugar

... and many challenges still exist. In particular, small molecule drugs, no matter how heavily glycosylated, will always have the potential to pass into the kidneys, through glomerular filtration, and be rapidly cleared. Consequently, the use of macromolecular constructs that allow longer circulation t ...
iGCSE revision notes topic 2 (Part 1) Cells, animal
iGCSE revision notes topic 2 (Part 1) Cells, animal

... Define diffusion as the net movement of molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient, as a result of their random movement Describe the importance of diffusion of gases and solutes and of water as a solvent Active transp ...
When Cells Become Organelle Donors
When Cells Become Organelle Donors

... report that mesenchymal stem cells transfer mitochondria to osteosarcoma cells only if the cells are completely depleted of mitochondria by pretreatment with ethidium bromide or rhodamine. Notably, no transfer occurs when transfection with mutant mitochondrial DNA partially depletes mitochondrial fu ...
Protists
Protists

...  small algae + diatoms  much of the world’s photosynthesis  produces ~90% of atmospheric oxygen ...
Unit 2-3 Review
Unit 2-3 Review

... 4. (II.II.II.1) Write at least 3 characteristics of all living things. 1. Organisms are made of cells. 2. Organisms use energy. 3. Organisms show adaptation. 4. Organisms respond to changes in the environment. 5. Organisms grow and develop. 6. Organisms maintain homeostasis 7. Organisms Reproduce ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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