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Distinct roles of doublecortin modulating the microtubule cytoskeleton.
Distinct roles of doublecortin modulating the microtubule cytoskeleton.

... and may illustrate why doublecortin mutations ...
Arterial Compliance
Arterial Compliance

... The pressure generated during left ventricular systole ejects a stroke volume that contributes to arterial distention and forward flow in the arterial circulation. The volume stored in the arteries is dependent on the arterial compliance. The forward flow is dependent on the perfusion pressure and t ...
Cryptic O2 –-generating NADPH oxidase in
Cryptic O2 –-generating NADPH oxidase in

... of Iscove DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FCS, GM-CSF and Flt-3L (Berthier et al., 2000; Martinon-Ego et al., 2001). After preincubation, the cells from each dish were pelleted by low speed centrifugation and washed twice with PBS supplemented with 40 mM glucose (PBS-glucose). They were finally re ...
Document
Document

... These results suggest that during the loading procedure (dialysis, resealing, washings, etc.) the most fragile cells are removed and the most robust carrier erythrocytes remain, as it has been already observed in previous studies for other molecules encapsulated.12 The haematological parameters eval ...
LRRK2 and neuroinflammation: partners in crime
LRRK2 and neuroinflammation: partners in crime

... serine 1292 is a direct indicator of LRRK2 kinase activity in vivo, and that additional mutations, other than G2019S, appear to increase autophosphorylation at this site [22], consistent with an in vitro study focused on autophosphorylation [23]. Monitoring phosphorylation of serine 1292 in cells re ...
Actin and Myosin Function in Directed Vacuole Movement during
Actin and Myosin Function in Directed Vacuole Movement during

Presentation
Presentation

... deciduous forest? ...
EOCT Review Jeopardy
EOCT Review Jeopardy

... deciduous forest? ...
Local contrast in natural images: normalisation
Local contrast in natural images: normalisation

... amount of information transmitted about image contrast by V1 neurons in the cat, using response histograms generated by grating stimuli which varied in contrast. Owing to high response variability or `noise', these cells are reported to convey less than 1 bit of information about contrast in 500 ms. ...
Pancreas or liver choice within endoderm
Pancreas or liver choice within endoderm

... endoderm fragments dissected from the ventral foregut of mouse embryos at 8-8.5 days gestation (Fig. 1A). No Pdx1 product was detected at the 4- to 6-somite stages, relative to the actin control, but abundant Pdx1 product was evident at the 7- to 8-somite stages (Fig. 1B). Previously we found that s ...
FREE Sample Here
FREE Sample Here

... 18. The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most of the body's cells. Its secretion is controlled by a negative-feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, which of the following statements is ...
In vitro pollen germination of some plant species in basic culture
In vitro pollen germination of some plant species in basic culture

... exclusively at the cell apex via an extreme form of polar growth, known as tip growth, producing uniformly shaped cylindrical cells (Cheung, 2001). Pollen tubes are an excellent system for the study of polarized tip growth, cell movement, cell to cell communication, cell to cell recognition and sign ...
Spatial organization of the epithelium and the role of neural crest
Spatial organization of the epithelium and the role of neural crest

... apposed epithelial and mesenchymal layers generate a spatial configuration of their interface which varies with tooth position, being simply spatulate or conical in the case of incisors or canines and folded into a more complicated shape of elevations and depressions in the case of molars. Specializ ...
Ciliary Microtubule Capping Structures Contain A
Ciliary Microtubule Capping Structures Contain A

... were precipitated with 10% perchloric acid. For comparison, cap-free axonemes were also acid-precipitated. Acid precipitates were rinsed with water before suspension in electrophoresis sample buffer. To insure that acid precipitation did not select for any polypeptides, acid-precipitated samples wer ...
PLEKHM1/DEF8/RAB7 complex regulates lysosome positioning and
PLEKHM1/DEF8/RAB7 complex regulates lysosome positioning and

... Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that are capable of resorbing calcified cartilage and bone matrix during skeletal development, homeostasis, and repair (1). Increased osteoclast number or activity leads to bone loss in metabolic bone diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis (2). Conversely, ...
The Human Body
The Human Body

... Have you ever wondered what happens to your food once it gets into your mouth? It is going to be digested. Digestion starts when your mouth waters as you smell that tasty chicken from KFC! You know that our bodies become weak if we go for a long time without food. Food is needed to give our bodies e ...
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes

... membranes as “cargos” during their biosynthesis and secretion (Dong et al., 2010). To avoid misregulation of membrane traffic and organellar ion homeostasis, these cargos are kept inactive until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane ch ...
Salivary gland development in Drosophila
Salivary gland development in Drosophila

... body axis where they specify which structures develop (McGinnis and Krumlauf, 1992). It is clear that homeotic genes, in combination with other regulators, control cell fate. We understand very little, however, about how the activities of these regulators translate into the formation of speci®c tiss ...
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes

... membranes as “cargos” during their biosynthesis and secretion (Dong et al., 2010). To avoid misregulation of membrane traffic and organellar ion homeostasis, these cargos are kept inactive until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane ch ...
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes

... membranes as “cargos” during their biosynthesis and secretion (Dong et al., 2010). To avoid misregulation of membrane traffic and organellar ion homeostasis, these cargos are kept inactive until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane ch ...
Saliva of the Lyme Disease Vector, Lxodes dammini, Blocks
Saliva of the Lyme Disease Vector, Lxodes dammini, Blocks

... inoculation but these responses are greatly delayed or are nonexistent in animals infected with similar numbers of spirochetes delivered by infected ticks (12, 13). This suggests that tick saliva modifies the host-specific T and B cell response to the Lyme spirochete. However, the immunological mech ...
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes
A painful TR(i)P to lysosomes

... membranes as “cargos” during their biosynthesis and secretion (Dong et al., 2010). To avoid misregulation of membrane traffic and organellar ion homeostasis, these cargos are kept inactive until they reach their destinations (Dong et al., 2010); for example, cofactors required for plasma membrane ch ...
Sorting of plant vacuolar proteins is initiated in the ER
Sorting of plant vacuolar proteins is initiated in the ER

... (DCC) fail to drive membrane curvature for carrier formation. However, although individual expression of SNX1 or SNX2a mutants altered transport of the VSR, vacuolar delivery of soluble cargo was only marginally perturbed (Niemes et al., 2009). This raised the question as to whether retromer functio ...
Metabolism of Tac - The Journal of Experimental Medicine
Metabolism of Tac - The Journal of Experimental Medicine

... levels o f all soluble proteins depend on the balance between production and catabolism, but little is k n o w n about the metabolic features o f this class o f molecules. W e have developed a model for Tac metabolism that incorporates new insights in its production and catabolism. Tac was shed from ...
Bactericidal, Bacteriolytic, and Antibacterial Virulence Activities of
Bactericidal, Bacteriolytic, and Antibacterial Virulence Activities of

... induce cell lysis. The essential oil from B. pandurata has been reported to altered permeability of the membrane of Escherichia coli [5]. Isopanduratin A from this plant has been demonstrated to damage the cell membrane and cell wall of S. mutans [11]. This present study revealed that treatment of S ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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