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Blood Vessels
Blood Vessels

... The arteries carry blood at high pressure away from the heart. Looking at the cross-section of an artery, why is it suitable for carrying blood at high pressure? thick outer wall thick inner layer of muscle and elastic fibres narrow central tube 9 of 30 ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLES
O A RIGINAL RTICLES

... in two important ways: the growth suppressing signals telling cells not divide are turned off or the signals telling cells to begin dividing are left on continuously. (W.W. Gibbs, 2003)Thus, tumor cells are always dividing and depleting large amounts of nutrients necessary for part of the body to fu ...
Teratocarcinoma stem cells as a model for differentiation inthe
Teratocarcinoma stem cells as a model for differentiation inthe

... markers. adhesIon. lectins, cell cvcle Malignant teratomas, or teratocarcinomas, are rare tumors reported in a variety of vertebrates. The stem cells of these tumors. the embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, are thought of as equivalent to germ cells or early embryonic cells. The grounds for so believing ...
The zebrafish as a model to study intestinal inflammation
The zebrafish as a model to study intestinal inflammation

LIPO BC
LIPO BC

... The vitamin B-Complex refers to all of the known essential water-soluble vitamins except for vitamin C. These include thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) pyridoxine (vitamin B6), biotin, folic acid and the cobalamins (vitamin B12). ...
Blood Vessels - Amnuaysilpascience
Blood Vessels - Amnuaysilpascience

... The arteries carry blood at high pressure away from the heart. Looking at the cross-section of an artery, why is it suitable for carrying blood at high pressure? thick outer wall thick inner layer of muscle and elastic fibres narrow central tube 9 of 30 ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • Ligaments: tough bands of tissue between bones. • Tendons: thick narrow bands by which muscles are attached to the skeleton. • Septa: are heavy tissues which separate various portions of the body. • Fascia: are the thin sheets of connective tissue which surround muscles. • Mesenteries: are delicat ...
Mechanisms of vertebrate segmentation
Mechanisms of vertebrate segmentation

... somitic mesoderm appears to be from the epiblast adjacent to the anterior part of the streak; mesoderm cells emerging from this part of the streak also contribute to the notochord (Spratt, 1955; Rosenquist, 1966; Nicolet, 1971; Tarn & Beddington, 1987). As development proceeds, neurulation takes pla ...
Non-Flagellar Swimming in Marine Synechococcus
Non-Flagellar Swimming in Marine Synechococcus

... demonstrating that in a seawater-based medium, the electrophoretic mobility of Synechococcus was essentially 0. In such a model, a cell carries a fixed charge on its surface that is shielded by counterions in the medium. If the cell then pumps ions in at one end and pumps them out at the other end, ...
compartment Syndrome and Fatal rhabdomyolysis in Sickle cell trait
compartment Syndrome and Fatal rhabdomyolysis in Sickle cell trait

... initiating factor in muscle injury and its consequences. However, it is difficult to say how much sickling of erythrocytes contributed to our patient’s outcome, as sickled erythrocytes can be found routinely in autopsies of individuals who have died from a variety of causes and were known to have si ...
Checkpoint Responses in Cancer Therapy
Checkpoint Responses in Cancer Therapy

... checkpoints. Our current knowledge of histone deacetylase inhibitors is summarized in chapter 13. The overall goal of Checkpoint Responses in Cancer Therapy is to enhance our understanding of the many cell-cycle checkpoint molecules that have already been identified as effective targets for anticanc ...
Dry Cell Batteries acceptable for recycling
Dry Cell Batteries acceptable for recycling

... Description: Small dry-cell batteries, sealed, non-rechargeable, Carbon Zinc batteries are labeled general purpose or heavy duty Formats: AA, AAA, D-cell, C-cell, 9-volt, button cells Common Uses: Cameras, toys, watches, handheld electronics ...
Corneal epithelial cell biocompatibility to silicone
Corneal epithelial cell biocompatibility to silicone

... Purpose: Although all contact lenses (CLs) are applied initially to the eye directly from a packaging solution, little is known about the effects of these solutions on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). Due to the porous nature of CL materials, they have the potential to sorb components of the ...
Renal Cell Carcinoma
Renal Cell Carcinoma

... do not stop living when they should. They continue to divide into new cells. As a result, these cells pass on the “bad” instructions contained within the damaged DNA. This creates more abnormal cells. The “outof-control” growth of these cells and their tendency to metastasize, or spread to other par ...
Light Chain λ and Ig κ Immature B Cell Stage in Mice Without Ig
Light Chain λ and Ig κ Immature B Cell Stage in Mice Without Ig

... healthy and can mount an efficient immune response (11). During B cell development gene segments encoding Ig H chains rearrange first by D (diversity) to JH recombination at the pro-B cell stage. This is followed by VH to D-JH recombination at the pre-B-I stage; if a ␮ H chain can pair with a surrog ...
Fish Anatomy
Fish Anatomy

... • Ligaments: tough bands of tissue between bones. • Tendons: thick narrow bands by which muscles are attached to the skeleton. • Septa: are heavy tissues which separate various portions of the body. • Fascia: are the thin sheets of connective tissue which surround muscles. • Mesenteries: are delicat ...
Biology I Syllabus
Biology I Syllabus

... A.1.a.b.c.d.e.f A.3.f A.4.c.d A.5.a.b.c.d.e.f.g.h.i. Learning Targets. How do I?:  Identify and describe how subatomic particles are arranged in atoms?  Describe the difference in ions and atoms and their importance in biological processes?  Compare the types of bonding between atoms to form mole ...
Induction of fungal cell wall stress
Induction of fungal cell wall stress

... suspension was diluted to the concentration of 2 x 104 CFU/mL in the complete media (CM) [Bennett and Lasure, 1991]. One hundred μL of A. niger (RD 6.47 or JD 1.1) was added to each well after adding the plant extracts, compounds and controls. Aspergillus niger N402 was used to indicate the GFP non- ...
Excitable Properties of Olfactory Receptor Neurons
Excitable Properties of Olfactory Receptor Neurons

... which the threshold for the cell of Figure 2 (A) and another cell (0) are compared with that of a cell in normal epithelium (+). As in control epithelia (see above), no correlation was found between threshold potentials and resting membrane potentials. The threshold values ranged from 16 to 50 mV, w ...
Teacher Guide for Amplify Cell Structure and Function Module
Teacher Guide for Amplify Cell Structure and Function Module

... things that are happening very fast. Or they can speed up the simulation to observe events that happen less often. » Simulation Tip: Students can use the Control function of the molecules to doublecheck their input observations. If they can drive the molecule into the organelle, it means that the mo ...
Gastrointestinal MALT Lymphoma
Gastrointestinal MALT Lymphoma

... • Reactive B-cell follicles with surrounding, expanded “marginal zones” of neoplastic cells (analogous to Peyer’s patches) • Neoplastic cells infiltrate mucosa widely, creating LELs • Defined as at least three neoplastic cells, causing epithelial ...
Protists and Fungi
Protists and Fungi

... The alga lives inside the protective wall of the fungus. The merging of the two is so complete that scientists give lichens their own scientific name. ...
The Cytoskeleton of Nerve Cells in Historic Perspective
The Cytoskeleton of Nerve Cells in Historic Perspective

... about the general organization of the nervous system. It retained the basic concept of a continuous reticular array of conducting elements, as inferred from the most advanced staining techniques of the day (von Gerlach, 1873; Golgi, 1886), while accommodating also the novel "neuron doctrine", accord ...
Thermal Diffusion as a Mechanism for Biological
Thermal Diffusion as a Mechanism for Biological

... surface of the cell by conduction only. An estimate for the rate of heat production can be m ade from data on the bacterial cells Escherichia coli [36], Production of protein constitutes about 90% of the energy balance of the cell. The average rate of production of protein molecules of 500 peptide b ...
An Introduction to Oral Health in America
An Introduction to Oral Health in America

... Hence, the cell membrane lends protection against compounds such as antibiotics. The second essential function the membrane serves is as a site where proteins can function. Important enzymatic reactions, such as respiration, take place at the surface of the membrane. Some proteins are actually inser ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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