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Understanding Iliac Artery Disease
Understanding Iliac Artery Disease

... You have poor kidney function. ...
Virus entry into a polarized epithelial cell line (MDCK)
Virus entry into a polarized epithelial cell line (MDCK)

... infect MDCK cells. Strain L-9 of BCV was grown in MDCK I cells as described previously (Schultze et al., 1990). The kinetics of virus growth in MDCK I cells was similar for both viruses. • Virus infection. Cells grown on a filter membrane with an electrical resistance higher than I000 fl cm2 were in ...
Hematuria, Stones and Tumours
Hematuria, Stones and Tumours

... Case #1 - Cystoscopy • Cystoscopy is done as an outpatient, usually with local anaesthetic and no sedation. • The procedure only takes a few minutes. • Risk of cystitis after procedure. ...
Virus entry into a polarized epithelial cell line (MDCK)
Virus entry into a polarized epithelial cell line (MDCK)

... infect MDCK cells. Strain L-9 of BCV was grown in MDCK I cells as described previously (Schultze et al., 1990). The kinetics of virus growth in MDCK I cells was similar for both viruses. • Virus infection. Cells grown on a filter membrane with an electrical resistance higher than I000 fl cm2 were in ...
Dynamics of interactions of photosensitizers with lipoproteins and
Dynamics of interactions of photosensitizers with lipoproteins and

... seeded at a density of 14,000 cells/cm2 in 35 mm Petri dishes. The cells were used at about 70–80% of confluence. After washing with HBSS, cells were incubated for 15 min with 1 ml of either 2.5  10 7 M DP or 1  10 6 M AlPcS2a solubilized in HBSS or preloaded in 1  10 7 M LDL in HBSS. After incub ...
Viruses are not alive but affect living things.
Viruses are not alive but affect living things.

... In the photograph, nurses work to ease the symptoms of infected patients. The most infectious patients were enclosed in tents. Others were made as comfortable as possible on beds outside. Since viruses such as influenza can spread quickly, the camp was isolated from the rest of the community. Plant ...
Transcatheter Stent Implantation for the Treatment of Abdominal
Transcatheter Stent Implantation for the Treatment of Abdominal

... and then for endovascular treatment of the abdominal aorta stenosis with a self-expandable nitinol stent. Informed consent was obtained and the patient was referred to the catheterization laboratory. She underwent retrograde femoral artery catheterization under local anesthesia using the Seldinger t ...
SNARE complexes of different composition jointly
SNARE complexes of different composition jointly

... subgroups: Qa-, Qb-, and Qc-SNAREs. In analogy to the first described Qa-SNARE, the syntaxin 1 of mammals, Qa-SNAREs are often referred to as syntaxins (Bennett et al., 1992). Qa-SNAREs have a distinct domain organization: the N-terminal half comprises three α-helices, which are separated by a linke ...
Types of Microscopy
Types of Microscopy

... By increases in plasma osmolarity- even a small increase (by stimulating osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus) thirst increases water intake – osmolarity becomes normal decreased salivary secretions- sensory input relayed from receptors in mucous membranes to thirst center decreased blood pressure (sig ...
Mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor
Mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor

... reviews on pancreas development, see Slack, 1995; Sander and German, 1997). While all the cells of the endocrine pancreas are thought to arise from a common endodermal precursor, the early process of lineage determination and cell-type differentiation within the pancreas remains unclear. In the mous ...
About three hours after death, rigor mortis -
About three hours after death, rigor mortis -

... In February 2008, after investigators had spent months searching for a missing 80-year-old man, they found John Bryant's body. A suspect was already in custody. Establishing Bryant's time of death would be crucial to making a case, however. The answer could be found through knowledge gained at what ...
Chapter 13 - Fission Yeast TOR and Rapamycin
Chapter 13 - Fission Yeast TOR and Rapamycin

... Several studies indicated that the tsc genes regulated amino acid uptake via negatively regulating Rhb1, including the finding that partial loss of function of rhb1þ (rhb1G63D/S165N) reversed the canavanine-resistant phenotype of tsc mutant cells (49), while hyperactive rhb1 mutants conferred resist ...
Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier Transporters: Relevance to
Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier Transporters: Relevance to

... the most sensitive to changes in the retinal environment, and the physiological barrier structure is important for maintaining optimal retinal homeostasis. The blood-retinal barrier (BRB) is composed of two cellular barriers, the tight junction of the retinal capillary endothelial cells (inner BRB) ...
Answer - Images
Answer - Images

... Back to the Game Board ...
Cpf1 Is a Single RNA-Guided Endonuclease of a
Cpf1 Is a Single RNA-Guided Endonuclease of a

... prompted the classification of Cpf1-encoding CRISPR-Cas loci as the putative type V within class 2 (Makarova et al., 2015). The features of the putative type V loci, especially the domain architecture of Cpf1, suggest not only that type II and type V systems independently evolved through the associa ...
REVIEW: METHODS OF MONITORING FOR PROCESS MICRO
REVIEW: METHODS OF MONITORING FOR PROCESS MICRO

... exposed to large quantities of Gram-negative bacteria, such as in some agricultural work and sewage treatment (Rylander, 1987). Although not widespread, cases of occupational ill health in biotechnology industries have been reported, ranging from gastrointestinal pains and influenza-like symptoms to ...
CD4 CD25 Foxp3 Regulatory T Cells Protect the Proinflammatory
CD4 CD25 Foxp3 Regulatory T Cells Protect the Proinflammatory

... the mechanisms of it. Methods and Results—ECs play a major role in atherogenic initiation, changing their quiescence into activated phenotypes to support every phase of the inflammatory process. HUVECs were incubated alone, with Tregs or CD4⫹CD25⫺ T cells in the presence of anti–CD3 monoclonal antib ...
Macrophage- and dendritic cell–dependent
Macrophage- and dendritic cell–dependent

... the MZ express phenotypic markers typically associated with macrophages and have been referred to as myeloid DCs.9 In vitro–derived myeloid DCs initiate humoral immune responses in mice to TI antigens, expressed by the intact gram-positive extracellular bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae.10 Recently, ...
Implications for AIDS Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of
Implications for AIDS Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of

... was confirmed by an average CD4ⴙ T cell count of 1,076 ⴞ 589/mm3 despite chronic infection with a highly replicating virus. No correlation was found between CD4ⴙ T cell counts and either age (used as a surrogate marker for length of infection) or viremia. The strongest correlates of preserved CD4ⴙ T ...
Expression of the chicken GATA factor family during
Expression of the chicken GATA factor family during

... erythroid progenitors in the yolk sac through to definitive erythropoiesis. During early embryogenesis, there is a spatial and temporal correlation between the expression of cGATA-1 and embryonic ε-globin gene transcription and, later in development, between cGATA-3 and adult β-globin transcription. ...
Musculoskeletal
Musculoskeletal

... • Survival: has improved from 10% to 75% with modern chemotherapy ...
Autoimmune T cells protect neurons from secondary degeneration
Autoimmune T cells protect neurons from secondary degeneration

... must avoid the possibly destructive consequences of severe inflammation and autoimmune disease. However, immune reactions are required for healing and recovery after injury in the CNS, as in other tissues30. An accumulating body of evidence indicates that the failure of the CNS to recover from injur ...
2.3.2 Lymph circulatory system
2.3.2 Lymph circulatory system

... The lymphatic system is composed of lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and organs. The organs associated with the lymphatic system are the spleen and thymus. The spleen is the boundary between the blood and the lymphatic system. Knots of lymphatic tissue in the spleen add lymphocytes to the blood. The sple ...
Detection of changes in white blood cells after activation using a
Detection of changes in white blood cells after activation using a

... differentiate between infection due to different pathogens or autoimmune disease. A method based on a density gradient inside a capillary would aid in the differentiation between the different pathogens causing the disease and autoimmune diseases. The method amounts to a capillary, filled with drops ...
Epigenetic Control of Cell Division and Cell Differentiation in the
Epigenetic Control of Cell Division and Cell Differentiation in the

... Technology, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Agency, Ikoma, Japan ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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