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TR3 is preferentially expressed by bulge epithelial stem
TR3 is preferentially expressed by bulge epithelial stem

... of epithelial stem cells.11 However, AR has been demonstrated to be expressed in the HF ORS.12,13 Furthermore, the expression of AR and two 5α-reductase isozymes are significantly higher in the ORS of the HFs in AGA patients’ scalp biopsies, suggesting an important role of ORS in androgen-induced ha ...
Building mammalian signalling pathways with RNAi screens
Building mammalian signalling pathways with RNAi screens

... therefore low towards targets with high-turnover transcripts or persistent proteins. Second, many cell types (for example, primary cells) are difficult to transfect with high efficiency. One group of researchers is striving to overcome this problem by combining reverse transfection with electroporat ...
Msx genes define a population of mural cell - HAL
Msx genes define a population of mural cell - HAL

... 2006), together with Msx1lacZ null alleles. Using this strategy Msx1 is inactivated in the two layers of the blood vessel whereas Msx2 is inactivated only in the VSMCs. The specific αSm22Cre transgene we used was chosen to inactivate Msx2lox because of its early activation in mural cells (El-Bizri ...
Expression of the Activating Transcription Factor 3 Prevents c
Expression of the Activating Transcription Factor 3 Prevents c

... in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry (IHC). A–L demonstrate results obtained from adult rat, whereas M–O show those from neonate (3 d after birth). Arrows indicate injured side of hypglossal nuclei. Scale bars: A–I, M–O, 1 mm; J–L, 200 ␮m. cc, Central canal; XII, hypoglossal nucleus. Note ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... Several membrane proteins are also important for cell expansion, including the cellulose synthases (CeSAs) [47]. Furthermore, uptake of K+ in the vacuole is likely to contribute to the osmotic force driving the water uptake necessary to sustain expansion [48,49]. The NADPH oxidase RHD2 produces reac ...
Multicellular Organisms
Multicellular Organisms

... glycogen). (Glucagon / Glycogen) is a hormone that causes (glycogen / glucagon) to be released as glucose in response to a decrease in blood glucose concentration. ...
Rat embryonic ectoderm as renal isograft - Development
Rat embryonic ectoderm as renal isograft - Development

... Pedersen, 1978; Libbus & Hsu, 1980; Uno, 1982). The transformation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal ones is a phenomenon of general importance in developmental biology. It can be induced in some embryonic epithelia by appropriate culture conditions (Hay, 1978; Greenberg & Hay, 1982). It is not y ...
Harvard-MIT Division Of Health Sciences And Technology HST
Harvard-MIT Division Of Health Sciences And Technology HST

... technical, and operational requirements of CD4 counts, viral loads, and other sophisticated diagnostic tests used to initiate and monitor HIV treatment, remain to be addressed. In particular, measurements of CD4þ T lymphocytes are essential for staging HIV-infected patients, determining their need f ...
Innate host defense mechanisms of fish against viruses and bacteria
Innate host defense mechanisms of fish against viruses and bacteria

... damaged. If a microbe gains access to the tissues of the ®sh, it is met with an array of soluble and cellular defenses. The complement system, present in the blood plasma, plays a central role in recognising bacteria and its activated products may lyse the bacterial cells, initiate in¯ammation, indu ...
Identification of Bacterial Species
Identification of Bacterial Species

... The identification of a bacterial species is based on many factors, including cell and colony morphology, chemical composition of cell walls, biochemical activities, and nutritional requirements. In order to begin identifying a bacterial species, you must start with a pure culture. In last week’s la ...
Heart/Lung Machine - Hereford HS Engineering Technology
Heart/Lung Machine - Hereford HS Engineering Technology

... describing original idea & modifications (with justification) as we work on H-L machine in order to have documentation of our modeling process ...
344_final version - OPUS at UTS
344_final version - OPUS at UTS

... relative humidity), the natural durability of PEMFC is mainly affected by two internal factors: the material properties, and the design and structure of the components and the stack. That is, whether or not a PEMFC is used, the natural degradation is unavoidable because of the change of membrane re ...
Systematic identification of cell size regulators in
Systematic identification of cell size regulators in

... below median (P < 10 5) and one (ygr064w) did not grow well (Fig 1D and E). Overall, correlations between results of different screens were significant, but relatively low, stressing the difficulty of measuring cell size in high-throughput manner and the strong effect of environmental conditions on ...
Nursing Assistant - BVSD Content Hub
Nursing Assistant - BVSD Content Hub

... With these alignments comes a new expectation: If a CTE instructor is teaching a CTE concept that has an identified alignment, they must also be intentional about their instruction of the academic standard. CCCS will be providing professional development and instructional resources to assist with th ...
Dictyostelium lysosomal proteins with different sugar modifications
Dictyostelium lysosomal proteins with different sugar modifications

... gradient fractions could not be done due to technical difficulties. mLE2 recognizes similar bands in all gradient fractions (Fig. 1A, lane 3), and α-mannosidase (Fig. 1A, lane 4) is clearly one of the major proteins in the lysosomal and PNS fractions (Fig. 1A, lanes 3 and 6). Although proteinase-1 i ...
Intracellular Triggering of Fas Aggregation and Recruitment of
Intracellular Triggering of Fas Aggregation and Recruitment of

... drives its activation by self-cleavage, triggering downstream effector caspases and leading to apoptosis (21). Thus, formation of membrane platforms where Fas molecules are brought together is suggested to increase DISC formation and therefore potentiate Fas signaling (13, 14, 16, 17, 22–25). In thi ...
Metode Mikrobiologis - Selamat Datang di Komunitas e
Metode Mikrobiologis - Selamat Datang di Komunitas e

... A pure culture is a culture consisting of only one kind of microorganism  Aseptic technique is technique which involves avoiding any contact of the pure culture, using sterile medium, and using sterile surfaces of the growth vessel with contaminating microorganisms  How to accomplish it? ...
Luciferase reporter assays: Powerful, adaptable tools for cell biology
Luciferase reporter assays: Powerful, adaptable tools for cell biology

... As a reporter technology, bioluminescence finds its greatest potential by helping to characterize the enormous complexity of living systems. The fact that it can deliver 10- to 1,000fold higher assay sensitivity than fluorescent reporters such as GFP means it can improve assay performance substantia ...
Document
Document

... above figures indicate that tuberculosis may no longer be considered such a serious problem in swine in the U.S., but the decrease of the disease has not been as pronounced as for bovine and avian tubercu­ ...
Glycosylation of Antibodies - Department of Chemistry
Glycosylation of Antibodies - Department of Chemistry

... longevity of the antibodies being produced, they are fused with specific ...
Tracheary Element Differentiation
Tracheary Element Differentiation

... Arabidopsis Arabidopsis has a clear role in the functional analysis of genes identified in both Zinnia and trees. Extensive gene expression studies of xylem development in Arabidopsis have already been described (62). In the stem, primary vascular tissue development represents a developmental series ...
The Diversity and Molecular Evolution of B-Cell
The Diversity and Molecular Evolution of B-Cell

... CDRs) with more conserved framework regions (FWRs) that provide structural support. Thus each naı̈ve B cell has its own BCR sequence, and the number of possible BCR sequences is huge, with models predicting at least 1018 (Elhanati et al. 2015), far greater than the number of B cells in the body. The ...
Comparison of Properties of Medial Entorhinal Cortex
Comparison of Properties of Medial Entorhinal Cortex

... positions across the extent of the MEC. Properties were tested with and without the cholinergic agonist carbachol using whole-cell patch recording in vitro. Cellular properties studied included spike frequency adaptation, SMPOs, input resistance, sag ratio, and persistent firing. We find that spike ...
Plant Cell Vacuoles
Plant Cell Vacuoles

... in large quantities within the vacuole. Inhibition experiments suggest that one carrier or channel is responsible for the uptake of most di- and tricarboxylates. Patch clamp studies indicate that a separate channel is involved in the export of organic acids. Furthermore, inorganic anions such as chl ...
Student Book (Unit 1 Module 2) - Pearson Schools and FE Colleges
Student Book (Unit 1 Module 2) - Pearson Schools and FE Colleges

... The cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle in one minute. This figure is normally 4–8 dm3 min–1. Therefore, cardiac output = stroke volume × heart rate. Another effect of strenuous exercise is that body muscles contract more strongly. The muscles compress the veins an ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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