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The homeobox-containing gene Wariai regulates anterior
The homeobox-containing gene Wariai regulates anterior

... specific developmental stage, the organisms were fixed briefly in Z buffer with 0.5% glutaraldehyde and 0.05% Triton X-100, then stained in Z buffer containing 2.5 mM K3Fe(CN)6, 2.5 mM K4Fe(CN)6 and 1 mM X-gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-Dgalactopyranoside). For β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase ...
Functional interaction between a novel protein phosphatase 2A
Functional interaction between a novel protein phosphatase 2A

... respectively. The partial mouse cDNA pp44 was then used as a probe to screen a mouse PCC4 teratocarcinoma cDNA library, which yielded a 1.9 kilo base pair cDNA with an open reading frame of 1692 base pairs (Figure 1a). Two potential AUG initiator codons are present at the 5' end of the ORF in the PR ...
3. Semiconductor solar cells - Tampereen teknillinen yliopisto
3. Semiconductor solar cells - Tampereen teknillinen yliopisto

... When designing and fabricating MJSC devices, one needs take into account the operating conditions. Firstly, the solar spectrum is not constant as it is affected by the atmosphere. In space, at the top of the atmosphere, the solar intensity is higher than on the surface of the Earth. The attenuation ...
Abstract Panax ginseng Meyer, belonging to the genus Panax of the
Abstract Panax ginseng Meyer, belonging to the genus Panax of the

... inflammatory responses at an early phase resulting in the enhancement of antimicrobial activities and protection of mice fromStaphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis as an antiinflammatory function [33] and [39]. As an example, CVT-E002 has been shown to be effective for preventing acute respiratory ill ...
Regulated Expression of Vimentin cDNA in Cells in the Presence
Regulated Expression of Vimentin cDNA in Cells in the Presence

valves
valves

... are in two regions of the brain, the medulla oblongata and the pons • The medulla regulates the rate and depth of breathing in response to pH changes (as indicator of blood CO2 conc. The main determenant of pH in the CSF) in the cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord) ...
Review for Lecture and Lab
Review for Lecture and Lab

... bone why is it so important? Answer: The hyoid acts as an attachment point for muscles in the throat region to connect the muscles in the lower jaw region. It allows for the muscles to make a right angle at the junction of the lower jaw and throat. The hyoid serves as a movable base for the tongue a ...
Heme, Myoglobin, Hemoglobin
Heme, Myoglobin, Hemoglobin

... membrane and then in the plasma, preserves NO vasodilator activity for delivery to the vascular endothelium. This SNO-Hb paradigm provides insight into the respiratory cycle and a new therapeutic focus for diseases involving abnormal microcirculatory perfusion. In addition, the formation of S-nitros ...
The early evolution of lipid membranes and the three domains of life
The early evolution of lipid membranes and the three domains of life

... of solution74 and, depending on the bilayer permeability, creating gradients of particular molecules and ions75. Furthermore, vesicles can grow and divide spontaneously76 (see the figure). From an origin-of‑life perspective, these are interesting properties that made vesicles of amphiphilic compound ...
Smooth Tissue Expander Product Insert Data Sheet
Smooth Tissue Expander Product Insert Data Sheet

... surgeon, to provide the patient with this information and to weigh the risk/benefit potential for each patient. Complications which may result from the use of this product include the risks associated with the medication and methods used in the surgical procedure as well as the patient’s degree of i ...
Identification of a Gene Required for Gliding Motility in Myxococcus
Identification of a Gene Required for Gliding Motility in Myxococcus

... agar (1.5%) plates than on soft agar (0.3%) plates, whereas those that are defective in S-motility but intact in A-motility (A S-) show the opposite phenotype [28]. When the agiA in-frame deletion mutant, KYC473, was placed on 1.5% and 0.3% agar plates, the swarm of mutant cells spread very slowly o ...
151 Compact cell image projector
151 Compact cell image projector

... frequency and developed force, and the effects of β-adrenergic stimulation on the force-frequency relationship (Lakatta, 2004). The dependence of the force developed by the myocardium on the interval between contractions can be easily demonstrated in many preparations using a great variety of stimul ...
MCB 135k – Final Exam Review Sheet
MCB 135k – Final Exam Review Sheet

... is function impacted by drugs? Why? ...
Development of neural tube basal lamina during neurulation and
Development of neural tube basal lamina during neurulation and

... stage, Fig. 2D); a few somites farther anteriorly, the cells migrate away from the neural tube in large numbers (migratory stage, Fig. 2E); and finally, in the most anterior portion of the trunk, emigration is coming to an end (terminal migratory stage, Fig. 2F). We studied the process of BL deposit ...
Lecture 023, Vascular - SuperPage for Joel R. Gober, PhD.
Lecture 023, Vascular - SuperPage for Joel R. Gober, PhD.

... So something can be picked up in capillary bed number one and then directly delivered to a different part of your body that has capillary bed number two in it. And then the product or the compound doesn’t have to travel through you whole body. It’s delivered in very high concentration to another pla ...
the miracle of the blood and heart
the miracle of the blood and heart

... watching, of genius, aptitude and strength. It is the first to live and the last to die.1 For a long time now, scientists have been trying to produce a substance resembling blood, but they have not been successful.2 The most important reason for this is that the secret of the very special molecules ...
PDF
PDF

... stage, Fig. 2D); a few somites farther anteriorly, the cells migrate away from the neural tube in large numbers (migratory stage, Fig. 2E); and finally, in the most anterior portion of the trunk, emigration is coming to an end (terminal migratory stage, Fig. 2F). We studied the process of BL deposit ...
Plant Oligosaccharides – Outsiders among Elicitors?
Plant Oligosaccharides – Outsiders among Elicitors?

... implement defense response or programs of development [57-59]. In a plant organism, taking into account the special role of the cell wall, oligosaccharides could be the most important component of such patterns. For experimental testing of such hypotheses, there is a need to analyze the effect of ol ...
Autophagy in the Eukaryotic Cell - CiteSeerX
Autophagy in the Eukaryotic Cell - CiteSeerX

... and travels along with this protein to the vacuole, where it is finally degraded by vacuolar proteases. The association of prApe1 with Cvt19 promotes the inclusion of both proteins into the forming Cvt vesicles (98), but it is not clear yet if the formation of this complex is the event that triggers ...
Small Signaling Peptides in Arabidopsis Development
Small Signaling Peptides in Arabidopsis Development

... proliferation of cells in low-density plant cell culture, but it was unclear which unknown substance(s) within the extracts was active in promoting the proliferation. A bioassay based on the mitotic activity of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) mesophyll cells in liquid culture identified an active, g ...
Grade 11 – Objective 2 1 The diagram shows the flow
Grade 11 – Objective 2 1 The diagram shows the flow

... C They have a two-layer membrane. D They have a storage area for albumin proteins. 12 Saltwater fish remove extra salt from their body by active transport through the gills. What is the result of this activity? A The salt becomes more chemically active. B Water balance is maintained in the blood. C ...
Frog Dissection
Frog Dissection

... As members of the class Amphibia, frogs may live some of their adult lives on land, but they must return to water to reproduce. Eggs are laid and fertilized in water. On the outside of the frog’s head are two external nares, or nostrils; two tympani, or eardrums; and two eyes, each of which has thre ...
K-ras modulates the cell cycle via both positive and negative
K-ras modulates the cell cycle via both positive and negative

... understand the mechanism(s) by which activated K-ras exerts its e€ect on the cell cycle, expression of both cell cycle stimulatory proteins as well as cell cycle inhibitors was examined. Upon induction of activated K-ras, several cell cycle stimulators were up-regulated, including cyclins A, D3, and ...
Pulmonary Ventilation
Pulmonary Ventilation

... The compliance diagram are determined by the elastic forces of the lungs, which can be divided into 2 parts: 1-elastic forces of the lung tissue 2-elastic force caused by surface tension of the fluid that lines the alveoli Elastic forces of the lung tissue are determined by the elastin and collagen ...
CHAPTER 19: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
CHAPTER 19: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

... respiratory bronchioles (lined by simple squamous epithelium), which subdivide into several (2-11) ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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