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vesicles - apbiostafford
vesicles - apbiostafford

... First, cells are homogenized in a blender to break them up. The resulting mixture (cell homogenate) is then centrifuged at various speeds and durations to fractionate the cell components, forming a series of pellets. RESULTS ...
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Active Transport, Exocytosis and Endocytosis

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... concentration gradient. Requires energy to move particles from _____ to ________ concentration. 1. How active transport occurs - Involves carrier ________ which transport across the membrane. 2. Transport of large particles – some membranes can take in large molecules or even entire cells. a). _____ ...
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agents that target disease pathways

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Where Do Cells Come From?

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excretory system

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excretory system
excretory system

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Biology examples

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Notes: parts of a cell

... Cell Theory 1. All organisms are made of 1 or more cells. These cells contain basic organelles. 2. The cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms. Cells may develop specialized functions based on the complexity of the organism. 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. ...
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... › Produced through mitosis › Has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs)  Homolog – each member of a chromosome pair  Diploid (2n) – total of 46 chromosomes in people – zygote & somatic cells  Haploid (n) – total of 23 chromosomes in people, gametes (sperm & egg) ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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