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样章下载
样章下载

... 语Error! Use the Home tab to apply 标题 1,章名 to the text that you want to appear here.7 语  A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) whose frequency is controlled by an external voltage. The phase detector compares the phase of a periodic input signal against the phase of the VCO. Output of PD is a measu ...
Power Factor Improvement Experiment # 4 Power Factor
Power Factor Improvement Experiment # 4 Power Factor

... equally divided, resulting in a net power dissipation of zero. However, in circuits with mixed resistance and reactance like this one, the power waveform will still alternate between positive and negative, but the amount of positive power will exceed the amount of negative power. In other words, the ...
LM7905/LM7912/LM7915 Series 3-Terminal Negative Regulators
LM7905/LM7912/LM7915 Series 3-Terminal Negative Regulators

... intended to be functional, but do not guarantee Specific Performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. Note 2: Refer to Typical Performance Characteristics and Design Considerations for details. Note 3: Regulation is measured at a constant ...
Stanford University
Stanford University

... cooled unit with redundant cooling so that failure of any one cabinet cooling fan or fan circuit will not affect continued operation at full load and ambient temperature of 77 degrees F (25 degrees C) or lower). Operate battery floating, isolated from the UPS AC input and AC output. The battery may ...
CIRCUIT FUNCTION AND BENEFITS
CIRCUIT FUNCTION AND BENEFITS

... amplitude 2.402 MHz input to the AD7626 yielded the FFT results shown in Figure 2 of 88.49 dB SNR and −86.17 dBc THD. As can be seen from the plot, the harmonics of the fundamental alias back into the pass band. For example when sampling at 10 MSPS the 3rd harmonic (7.206 MHz) will alias into the pa ...
LM79XX.PDF
LM79XX.PDF

Variable Hysteresis Band Current Controller for Power
Variable Hysteresis Band Current Controller for Power

... equipment and solid state power conversion equipments causing utilities to become more concern about power quality. The power semiconductors used in all such equipments have nonlinear characteristics which causes serious harmonics and reactive power unbalance in power system[1]. Passive power filter ...
POWER CONTROL IN AC CIRCUITS USING AN AC CHOPPER
POWER CONTROL IN AC CIRCUITS USING AN AC CHOPPER

... AC-to-AC converters have a wide range use in the industry. Applications such as light dimmers, AC motor controllers, heat controllers, uninterruptable power supplies are some examples for AC-AC converters. There are many different types of AC converters but basically, they produce an output voltage ...
Cabling - Pacific Audio Visual Institute
Cabling - Pacific Audio Visual Institute

... Direct Box changes impedence from line level to mic level ...
AE265 Pathfinder EPS
AE265 Pathfinder EPS

... – PIC has internal WatchDog timer that resets PIC if it stops running • Single Event Latchup – PIC power runs through a self resetting current limiting switch – When current increases to SEL limit (25mA) the power switch turns off power to PIC then turns it back on ...
Photoelectric Effect - University of Colorado Boulder
Photoelectric Effect - University of Colorado Boulder

... c. Slowly  rotate  the  “Voltage  Adjust”  knob  clockwise  to  increase  the  voltage.   Record  the  dark  current  value  under  different  voltage  readings.   4) Make  a  plot  of  Dark  Current  vs.  Voltage.  Do  you  notice  anyth ...
Direct-current supply system with an uninterruptible power supply
Direct-current supply system with an uninterruptible power supply

... above requirements. Beside that a number of voltage and current sensors must be installed in the module to provide a feedback for its control system. ...
Vernier Delay Line
Vernier Delay Line

... between the rising edge of one signal to the rising edge of another Factors:  Resolution  Complexity of circuitry  Test time  etc… ...
RF-LAMBDA
RF-LAMBDA

... Ensure that the amplifier input and output ports are safely terminated into a proper 50 ohm load before turning on the  power. Never operate the amplifier without a load. A proper 50 ohm load is defined as a load with impedance less than 1.9:1 or  return loss larger than 10dB relative to 50 Ohm with ...
DC POWER SUPPLY BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER SUPPLY
DC POWER SUPPLY BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER SUPPLY

... where I is the current through the conductor in units of amperes V is the potential difference measured across the conductor in units of volts and R is the resistance of the conductor in units of ohm .The ratio of the voltage applied across a resistor's terminals to the intensity of current in the c ...
Simulation of Bridgeless Boost Rectifier for Low Voltage Energy
Simulation of Bridgeless Boost Rectifier for Low Voltage Energy

... by batteries. However, energy harvesting from human or environmental sources has proven to be an effective alternative or complement. As the electronics’ scale decreases, so does the energy consumption. In this sense, batteries were also produced in smaller size providing more energy storage availab ...
FPO OPA2544 High-Voltage, High-Current DUAL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
FPO OPA2544 High-Voltage, High-Current DUAL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER

... Depending on load and signal conditions, the thermal protection circuit may produce a duty-cycle modulated output signal. This limits the dissipation in the amplifier, but the rapidly varying output waveform may be damaging to some loads. The thermal protection may behave differently depending on wh ...
Brochure
Brochure

... Continuous 10 Amp output current to a maximum of 1300VAC ■ Variable current adjust ■ Two parallel, three prong AC outlets allow the unit to be used for more than one load ■ Two 3.5 inch high analog meters: one monitors AC line or output voltage and the other displays output current or leakage ■ Leak ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

...  Possibility for use in freshman and sophomore level labs  Used to test senior design projects that require DC voltage  Assumptions/Limitations  Powered by a 120V, 60Hz wall outlet  +/- 1% ripple output voltage  Function with +/- 5% of wall outlet voltage  Output current not to exceed 1A on e ...
92 % typical efficiency • Input voltage range: 240 – 430
92 % typical efficiency • Input voltage range: 240 – 430

... In paired mode, the signal connector wiring is continuously monitored. This monitoring serves to protect modules against losing synchronization signal during service and is established via a chain circuit starting from the first module and ending with the last. The user needs to establish the chain ...
HARMONICS - Understanding the Facts - Part 3
HARMONICS - Understanding the Facts - Part 3

... needs to run. The rectifier consists of semi-conductor devices (such as diodes) that only conduct current in one direction. In order to do so, the voltage on the one end must be greater than the other end. These devices feed current into a capacitor, where the voltage value on the capacitor at any t ...
ALTV1224C220 AC/DC Dual Output Power Supply
ALTV1224C220 AC/DC Dual Output Power Supply

• 100 - 240 Vac nominal input range • Overvoltage and short circuit
• 100 - 240 Vac nominal input range • Overvoltage and short circuit

... supply in a very small footprint. With the medical approvals the G2T60 is ideal for a variety of medical device applications including, small single board computers, battery charging, and running small motors, pumps, and solenoids. The series with full approval to EN60601-1 and EN60950-1 Standard, i ...
Presentation - HEP, Imperial
Presentation - HEP, Imperial

Dual Motor Telescoping Column
Dual Motor Telescoping Column

< 1 ... 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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