• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Digistart CS User Guide
Digistart CS User Guide

... When the products eventually reach the end of their useful life, they can very easily be dismantled into their major component parts for efficient recycling. Many parts snap together and can be separated without the use of tools, while other parts are secured with conventional screws. Virtually all ...
Digital Temperature Controller
Digital Temperature Controller

... *1. Options with HB and HS alarms (001 and 003) cannot be selected if a current output is selected for the control output. *2. The control output cannot be used as a transfer output. *3. Option 004 can be selected only when "CX" is selected for the control outputs. ...
Glassman High Voltage DC Power Supplies…
Glassman High Voltage DC Power Supplies…

Institutionen för systemteknik Department of Electrical Engineering A “Divide-by-Odd Number” Injection-Locked Frequency Divider.
Institutionen för systemteknik Department of Electrical Engineering A “Divide-by-Odd Number” Injection-Locked Frequency Divider.

... required output signal by combining frequency division, frequency multiplication, and frequency mixing operations. Phase-locked loop based synthesizers are widely used in current wireless applications. A phase locked loop (PLL) is a feedback control system. A phase detector (PD) compares the phases ...
MAX11164 16-Bit, 500ksps, 0 to 5V SAR ADC with General Description
MAX11164 16-Bit, 500ksps, 0 to 5V SAR ADC with General Description

... The MAX11164 16-bit, 500ksps, SAR ADC offers excellent AC and DC performance with unipolar input range, small size, and internal reference. The MAX11164 integrates an optional 6ppm/NC reference with internal buffer, saving the cost and space of an external reference. This ADC achieves 92.2dB SNR and ...
Surge Protection Done Right
Surge Protection Done Right

... inductor (choke). Inductors augmented with magnetic ...
Load Cell Handbook
Load Cell Handbook

... simple in its design, the column spring element requires a number of design and application considerations. The column should be long enough with respect to its cross section so that a uniform strain path will be applied to the strain gage. When using this type of sensor, the end user must beware of ...
MAX19693 12-Bit, 4.0Gsps High-Dynamic Performance Wideband DAC General Description
MAX19693 12-Bit, 4.0Gsps High-Dynamic Performance Wideband DAC General Description

... The MAX19693 12-bit, 4.0Gsps digital-to-analog converter (DAC) enables direct digital synthesis of highfrequency and wideband signals. The DAC has been optimized for wideband communications, radar, and instrumentation applications. The MAX19693 provides excellent spurious and noise performance and c ...
Mephisto manual v. 1.2_Antileon Signature Stereo manual.qxd
Mephisto manual v. 1.2_Antileon Signature Stereo manual.qxd

... The Mephisto impresses immediately with its ability to cruise effortlessly through even the most demanding musical passages, regardless of volume level. As a result of the constant high power reserves available at all times, the amplifier simply does not "see" the speaker, so the speaker's reactive ...
MAX14778 Dual ±25V Above- and Below-the-Rails 4:1 Analog Multiplexer General Description
MAX14778 Dual ±25V Above- and Below-the-Rails 4:1 Analog Multiplexer General Description

... The MAX14778 contains a total of three charge pumps to generate bias voltages for the internal switches: a 5V regulated charge pump, a positive high-voltage (+35V) charge pump, and a negative high-voltage (-27V) charge pump. When VDD is above 4.7V (typ), the 5V regulated charge pump is bypassed and ...
AF-300 E11 - GE Industrial Solutions
AF-300 E11 - GE Industrial Solutions

... 1. [WARNING] Be sure to turn the drive off before starting work. 2. [CAUTION] When the charge lamp is lit, the drive is still charged at a dangerous voltage. 3. [WARNING] There are several live parts inside the drive. 4. The drive is approved as a part to be used inside a panel. 5. Wire to the input ...
Making Fluorescent Lamp Ballast Measurements
Making Fluorescent Lamp Ballast Measurements

... An electronic ballast is a power conversion device that is an essential part of today’s energy efficient lighting systems. An electronic ballast converts the normal AC line voltage and frequency at its input into a modulated high frequency output suitable for the fluorescent lamp. . During startup o ...
Reset circuit - STMicroelectronics
Reset circuit - STMicroelectronics

... Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notic ...
INF5490 RF MEMS
INF5490 RF MEMS

... • + Potentially high Q-values – High Q-value (>100) over a wide frequency band • Q = 100 – 400 for mm-frequencies ...
AD9241 数据手册DataSheet 下载
AD9241 数据手册DataSheet 下载

Low-Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS)
Low-Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS)

... error. This happens because a single bit transition, after a long string of no transitions, may not contain the energy necessary to change the stored charge through the entire cable. The term “disparity” describes the stored charge on the cable. If the disparity magnitude is large, then the single b ...
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A TRANSCUTANEOUS ENERGY
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A TRANSCUTANEOUS ENERGY

... For an implanted system with an appreciable telemetry range, and where significant neural signal processing is performed continuously, a major obstacle for clinical application is the need for a power source. Existing battery technology and wireless power delivery systems have not addressed the need ...
TVSS Series STABILINE Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors ®
TVSS Series STABILINE Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors ®

APARTARRAYOS PDV_PVR
APARTARRAYOS PDV_PVR

BD4153EFV
BD4153EFV

... Turns its output to “Low” level if an overcurrent condition is detected. This open drain output may be pulled up to 3.6 volts power supply via resistor. OC-Delay Delay during which the level at OC pin turns from High to Low may be set with a capacitor externally applied. The delay time is determined ...
Basic-type Digital Temperature Controller E5GN(48 x 24 mm)
Basic-type Digital Temperature Controller E5GN(48 x 24 mm)

... 03: RS-485 communications B: Two event inputs ...
Basic-type Digital Temperature Controller E5GN
Basic-type Digital Temperature Controller E5GN

... 03: RS-485 communications B: Two event inputs ...
64-Position OTP Digital Potentiometer AD5171  FEATURES
64-Position OTP Digital Potentiometer AD5171 FEATURES

... across Windows® 95 to XP platforms, including Windows NT. This software application effectively replaces the need for external I2C controllers or host processors and, therefore, significantly reduces the development time of the users. An AD5171 evaluation kit includes the software, connector, and ca ...
SP3244E 数据资料DataSheet下载
SP3244E 数据资料DataSheet下载

... (V–) voltage onto C3. Meanwhile, capacitor C1 charged from VCC to prepare it for its next phase. ...
SCREEN GRIDS in - Music Electronics Forum
SCREEN GRIDS in - Music Electronics Forum

... However, in all these types, analysis of manufacturers' data shows the proportionately high Screen Grid voltage needed to obtain maximum power output results in substantially higher harmonic and intermodulation distortion than seen in conventional RF beam power tubes combining high plate voltage wit ...
< 1 ... 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report