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1N5820 - 1N5822
1N5820 - 1N5822

... support device or system whose failure to perform can the body, or (b) support or sustain life, or (c) whose be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life failure to perform when properly used in accordance support device or system, or to affect its safety or with instructions for use prov ...
1.5A Very L.D.O Voltage Regulator LM29150/1/2
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MODEL CMS COMPACT MOTION SWITCH
MODEL CMS COMPACT MOTION SWITCH

... metal disc mounted on the input shaft. This disc generates measurable light pulses as a series of slots on its periphery rotate past an infra-red light source. A photoelectric sensor monitors the series of light pulses and converts them to a digital electronic signal. Solid state circuitry then anal ...
TRANSFORMERLESS STEP UP ALTERNATING VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMERLESS STEP UP ALTERNATING VOLTAGE

... 1. The transformerless alternating voltage regulators with a practically sinusoidal input and output currents are offered with the capability to increase per unit the voltage conversion coefficient. In the case when the load or independent three-phase source are executed with divided phases then a r ...
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... USLP in 1988, Mexico, and the D. Sc. degree in electronics from INAOE, Mexico, in 1997. During 19911996, he was at Microelectronics Laboratory at INAOE as a researcher developing wet-etching techniques and designing CMOS circuitry for silicon-based microsensors. In 1997, he was at CNM, Bellaterra (S ...
The 101 MHz Amplifier System of the New CERN Lead Injector
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franck - Indico
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attachment=2411
attachment=2411

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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EA3220: ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT & MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
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... Note: Minimum eight experiments are to be performed from the following list. The department may add 3 to 4 more experiments in the following list. 1. Calibration of ac voltmeter and ac ammeter 2. Measurement of form factor of a rectified sine wave and determine source of error if r.m.s.value is meas ...
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... parts. The heating mechanism will use computer fans, a humidifier, and car headlights to provide heat. The temperature will be automatically maintained by a proportional integrative derivative (PID) controller. Large temperature deviations and low battery charge will be announced through an audible ...
the use of protective earth as a distributor of fields and radiation
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... circuit for fault currents at power system fundamental frequency, 50Hz or 60 Hz. The use of non-linear loads and power electronics causes harmonics and radiated emissions. A normal practice today is to use filters and screened cables to reduce these harmonics and radiated emissions, the filters and ...
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... • Large commercial buildings have central cooling systems • Chiller compressors are large motors 200-500 HP • Motor protection & control: ...
Spread Aware™, Ten/Eleven Output Zero Delay Buffer
Spread Aware™, Ten/Eleven Output Zero Delay Buffer

... Spread Spectrum Frequency Timing Generation. Cypress has been one of the pioneers of SSFTG development, and we designed this product so as not to filter off the Spread Spectrum feature of the Reference input, assuming it exists. When a zero delay buffer is not designed to pass the SS feature through ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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