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RF2044A
RF2044A

... Exceeding any one or a combination of the Absolute Maximum Rating conditions may cause permanent damage to the device. Extended application of Absolute Maximum Rating conditions to the device may reduce device reliability. Specified typical performance or functional operation of the device under Abs ...
Datasheet - STMicroelectronics
Datasheet - STMicroelectronics

... applications, cold sparing enables a redundant device to be tied to the data bus with its power supply at 0 V (VCC = GND) without affecting the bus signals or injecting current from the I/Os to the power supplies. Cold sparing also allows redundant devices to be kept powered off so that they can be ...
SWITCH MONITORS
SWITCH MONITORS

... fault and 16 during normal operation. The status of the inputs is reported by means of two input bits. The change-over contacts are operated by an output bit. The Input/Output unit is fitted with a bi-directional short-circuit isolator and will be unaffected by loop short-circuits on either loop inp ...
Revised Course syllabus for EE F408 - Power Electronics
Revised Course syllabus for EE F408 - Power Electronics

... communication capability (Bluetooth, etc.) are not permitted to be used during the exams. Absences from exams must be preceded by a valid excuse. In the event of a valid excused absence it is the student’s responsibility to contact the instructor to arrange for a make-up exam. Homework: Homework ass ...
RPM870-H14
RPM870-H14

... The products listed in this document are designed to be used with ordinary electronic equipment or devices (such as audio visual equipment, office-automation equipment, communications devices, electrical appliances and electronic toys). Should you intend to use these products with equipment or devic ...
dielectric resonator oscillators
dielectric resonator oscillators

Finder Relays 2011 Catalog
Finder Relays 2011 Catalog

... Flashing M (memory) Fault memory has had effect (fault acknowledgement and reset is made by a 1 second press of the “SET/RESET” button). ...
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DAC8043A 数据手册DataSheet 下载

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... The Power/Platform Management device closed loop trim feature is needed in systems utilizing inexpensive DCDC converters to improve the accuracy of their output voltage. The ability of these devices to trim several different supplies at once also decreases the cost but increases the accuracy of the ...
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... only 1mW, assuming the sensor system current is reduced to microamps during the inactive time between transmit bursts. If the same wireless sensor only samples and transmits once a minute instead of once a second, the average power plummets under 20µW. This difference is significant, because most fo ...
Keysight Technologies Power Conversion Efficiency Measurement
Keysight Technologies Power Conversion Efficiency Measurement

... Many power analyzers are designed specifically to provide easy and accurate efficiency measurements. These instruments typically have multiple isolated inputs to measure voltage and current simultaneously on the input and output of a power conversion device. The analyzer will multiply the voltage an ...
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16Mb 256K x 16 MRAM Memory

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EL2082 Datasheet

Determining optimal processor speeds for periodic real
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... Make Precise Current Measurements Lower Than 1µA Use a sensitive Keithley measurement instrument, such as a Keithley SourceMeter® Source Measure Unit (SMU) instrument, to measure current drawn by the device under test (DUT) that is below the sensitivity of the Series 2290 Power Supplies. Keithley So ...
File - Senior Design
File - Senior Design

... Optimizing the number of times the heater is turned on to reduce power consumption by designing a more efficient and accurate method to detect the conditions in which the SODAR equipment needs to use the heater. The necessary conditions and requirements are outlined below:  Ability to detect frozen ...
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development of a high-voltage high

... However, since ozone cannot be stored, it must be generated on site. Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) method is considered as the most efficient way to produce ozone (fig.1). Oxygen is injected to pass through a small discharge gap between two high-voltage electrodes, one of them or both being cov ...
Infinity M™ Power System
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KST440 1 NPN Epitaxial Silicon Transistor
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... This datasheet contains specifications on a product that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor. The datasheet is printed for reference information only. ...
MAX333A Precision, Quad, SPDT, CMOS Analog Switch _______________General Description ____________________________Features
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... but low switch resistance and low leakage characteristics are unaffected. ...
MAX7033EVKIT.pdf
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Topic: High Performance Data Acquisition Systems Analog

... overall system level distortion). When the non-linearity of the ADC output signal is measured to be inversely symmetrical on either side of the output waveform (such as an “S” shape), the distortion is usually measured as “odd harmonics.” Correspondingly, asymmetrical non-linearity yields even order ...
CMOS Schmitt Trigger—A Uniquely Versatile Design Component
CMOS Schmitt Trigger—A Uniquely Versatile Design Component

... line by signal crosstalk or external noise sources, it is recognized as an error. The circuit in Figure 9b is a differential line receiver that recovers balanced transmitted data but ignores unbalanced signals by latching up. If both circuits of Figure 9 were used together, the error detector could ...
EVB USER Guide - Cirel Systems
EVB USER Guide - Cirel Systems

Evaluates:  MAX8792 MAX8792 Evaluation Kit General Description Features
Evaluates: MAX8792 MAX8792 Evaluation Kit General Description Features

... DC-DC converter steps down high-voltage batteries to generate low-voltage core or chipset/RAM bias supplies in notebook computers. The MAX8792 EV kit provides a dynamically adjustable 1.5V/1.05V output voltage from a 7V to 24V batteryinput range. It delivers up to 10A output current while achieving ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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