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MAX8822 Ultra-Efficient Negative Charge-Pump LED General Description
MAX8822 Ultra-Efficient Negative Charge-Pump LED General Description

... The MAX8822 drives up to four white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with regulated constant current for display backlighting in cell phones, digital cameras, PDAs, and other handheld devices. By utilizing a proprietary negative 0.5x inverting charge pump and innovative independent low-dropout (LDO) ada ...
NSS30100LT1G
NSS30100LT1G

SB0800 Octal Valves and Pump Controller System on Chip
SB0800 Octal Valves and Pump Controller System on Chip

Troubleshooting LED Downlights
Troubleshooting LED Downlights

... may appear to the dimmer as a 100W incandescent load. If that happens and you are using more than 6 LED fixtures, you will overload the dimmer. The average start-up or half-cycle stress that has been observed is the equivalent of a 100W incandescent lamp, even for LED loads of less than 20W! remedy ...
Cinénova Power Amplifiers
Cinénova Power Amplifiers

... constructed of fine, multi-strand copper 10-gauge and up. Wire with a gauge of 16 may be used for short runs of less than twenty feet. We do not recommend that you use any wires with a gauge equivalent of 18 or higher due to the power loss and performance degradation. ...
Smarter Grid Operations with SAS/OR®
Smarter Grid Operations with SAS/OR®

... Between the time electricity leaves the utility generators and reaches your home or business, 7% of the energy has been dissipated as heat. For the average utility, this represents a total loss of more than $75 million each year. Some of the electric current producing these losses do not result in t ...
from ucd.ie - the RF and Microwave Research Group at UCD
from ucd.ie - the RF and Microwave Research Group at UCD

Technician Handbook For Huurre WIC With Petrol Genset
Technician Handbook For Huurre WIC With Petrol Genset

G201 INSTALLATION NOTES:
G201 INSTALLATION NOTES:

... ADJUST: This trimpot adjusts the motor for the smoothest possible low-speed operation. Set the motor speed to about 1/2 revolution per second and then turn the trimpot until a distinct null is noted in the motor‟s vibration. This will result in the most even microstep placement for a given motor and ...
CCD42-80 Back Illuminated High Performance CCD Sensor
CCD42-80 Back Illuminated High Performance CCD Sensor

... 2. Dark signal is typically measured at 188 K and Vss = +9 V. The dark signal at other temperatures may be estimated from: Qd/Qd0 = 122T3e76400/T where Qd0 is the dark current at 293 K. 3. Measurements made using charge generated by X-ray photons of known energy. 4. Measured using a dual-slope integ ...
ADP3331 数据手册DataSheet 下载
ADP3331 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... for space restricted applications. The ADP3331 achieves exceptional accuracy of ± 0.7% at room temperature and ± 1.4% overall accuracy over temperature, line, and load variations. The dropout voltage of the ADP3331 is only 140 mV (typical) at 200 mA. This device also includes a safety current limit, ...
Solid State Relays Input Resistor Selection
Solid State Relays Input Resistor Selection

... SSRs will improve their turn-on or turn-off characteristics by using the peaking circuit, but certain SSRs that have a VBE multiplier circuit built in will benefit especially. For instance, turn-on time for the LH1500 can be reduced to < 100 μs. The SSRs with VBE multipliers are the LH1525, LH1533, ...
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- 1 - HARMONICS AND HOW THEY RELATE TO POWER FACTOR

D43042025
D43042025

... These are DC series motor which produce maximum torque while starting and suitable for quick acceleration. The speed can be easily varied by varying the input voltage. They are able to move very large shaft loads when it is first energized. The amount of current that passes through the winding deter ...
Isolation in AC Motor Drives: Understanding the IEC 61800-5
Isolation in AC Motor Drives: Understanding the IEC 61800-5

... voltage of the incoming supply. Instead, it depends on the architecture of the drive itself. This is ...
Interconnection Request and Generating Facility
Interconnection Request and Generating Facility

... allocations of Reliability Network Upgrades (RNUs) except short circuit related RNUs in the Cluster Phase I and Phase II interconnection studies. This is the value that will appear in the ISO Generation Interconnection Queue Report. Your TP Deliverability Allocations will not be able to exceed this ...
A New Building Block to Light the Way to Rapid Ballast
A New Building Block to Light the Way to Rapid Ballast

... slewed entirely to COM during the dead-time such that there is voltage between the drain and source of the external lowside half-bridge MOSFET when LO turns-on, then the system is operating too close to, or, on the capacitive side of, resonance. The result is non-ZVS capacitive-mode switching that c ...
ADP3155 5-Bit Programmable Triple Power Supply Controller for
ADP3155 5-Bit Programmable Triple Power Supply Controller for

... voltage between 1.3 V and 3.5 V. The ADP3155 uses a currentmode, constant off-time architecture to drive two external Nchannel MOSFETs at a programmable switching frequency that can be optimized for size and efficiency. It also uses a unique supplemental regulation technique called active voltage po ...
Application of fuzzy logic control algorithm as stator power controller
Application of fuzzy logic control algorithm as stator power controller

... made by taking into account the structure complexity of the DFIG and the quality of energy to be generated, because of the lack or scarcity of control of the produced active and reactive powers, many problems arise, when the generator is connected to the grid, such as the low power factor and harmon ...
Near Infra-Red Light Detection Using Silicon Avalanche Photodiodes:
Near Infra-Red Light Detection Using Silicon Avalanche Photodiodes:

RF3701 数据资料DataSheet下载
RF3701 数据资料DataSheet下载

... Integrated Blocking and Collector Decoupling Capacitors ...
Experiment 8
Experiment 8

CORE Lighting Controls Brochure - Dual Sensor Switch
CORE Lighting Controls Brochure - Dual Sensor Switch

... • Walk-in-Delay feature allows sensor to turn lights off without time delay when motion is detected briefly in room • Reverse Mode allows light to stay off in a room when motion is detected • Electrostatic discharge protection. • No leakage to load in off mode • Vacancy Sensor meets California 2008 ...
An Overview of Electromagnetic and Lightning Induced Voltage
An Overview of Electromagnetic and Lightning Induced Voltage

... injected or coupled into the circuit of interest. Transients may occur either in repeatable fashion or as random impulses. Repeatable transients, such as commutation voltage spikes, inductive load switching, etc., are more easily observed, defined and suppressed. Random transients occur at unpredict ...
Aalborg Universitet
Aalborg Universitet

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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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